1. A
   Ionic form to ionic form
2. B
   Covalent form to ionic form
3. C
   Covalent form to covalent form
4. D
   Ionic form to covalent form

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1. A
   1.7018 g
2. B
   0.2938 g
3. C
   2.4036 g
4. D
   0.5876 g

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1. A
   400 J
2. B
   300 J
3. C
   700 J
4. D
   500 J

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1. A
   0
2. B
   1
3. C
   2
4. D
   2.5

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1. A
   It has T-shaped geometry with two lone pairs on Cl atom.
2. B
   It has T-shaped geometry with three lone pairs on Cl atom.
3. C
   It has a trigonal pyramidal geometry with two lone pairs on Cl atom.
4. D
   It has a planar trigonal geometry with two lone pairs on Cl atom.

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1. A
   Sulphide, S$^{2-}$
2. B
   Sulphate, SO$_4^{2-}$
3. C
   Acetate, CH$_3$COO$^-$
4. D
   Carbonate, CO$_3^{2-}$

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1. A
   2
2. B
   4
3. C
   6
4. D
   10

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1. A
   $-0.109$ V
2. B
   0.035 V
3. C
   $-0.035$ V
4. D
   0.109 V

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1. A
   5.92 BM
2. B
   3.87 BM
3. C
   2.84 BM
4. D
   4.90 BM

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1. A
   Carbon has the ability to form p$\pi$-p$\pi$ multiple bond with itself.
2. B
   ECl$_3$ (E = B and Al) is a monomer when E = B and a dimer when E = Al.
3. C
   The order of catenation property of Group 14 elements is C >> Si > Ge $\approx$ Sn.
4. D
   Oxygen exhibits only $-2$ oxidation state.

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1. A
   $-1, 0, +1$
2. B
   $0, +1, -1$
3. C
   $0, 0, 0$
4. D
   $+1, 0, -1$

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1. A
   pinkish red to yellow
2. B
   yellow to pinkish red
3. C
   pink to colourless
4. D
   colourless to pink

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1. A
   0.8 dm$^3$ of CO, 0.8 dm$^3$ of CO$_2$
2. B
   0.8 dm$^3$ of CO, 0.6 dm$^3$ of CO$_2$
3. C
   0.6 dm$^3$ of CO, 0.8 dm$^3$ of CO$_2$
4. D
   0.6 dm$^3$ of CO, 0.4 dm$^3$ of CO$_2$

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1. A
   C$_2$H$_5$NO$_2$
2. B
   C$_2$H$_5$–N=N–OH
3. C
   C$_2$H$_5$OH
4. D
   C$_2$H$_5$NH$_2$

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1. A
   24.84
2. B
   14.34
3. C
   18.63
4. D
   12.42

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1. A
   $\text{H}_2\text{O}(g) + \text{CO}(g) \rightleftharpoons \text{H}_2(g) + \text{CO}_2(g)$
2. B
   $\text{N}_2(g) + 3\text{H}_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2\text{NH}_3(g)$
3. C
   $\text{H}_2(g) + \text{I}_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2\text{HI}(g)$
4. D
   $\text{N}_2(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2\text{NO}(g)$

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1. A
   The largest and the smallest species among Mg, Mg$^{2+}$, Al and Al$^{3+}$ are Al and Mg$^{2+}$ respectively.
2. B
   The IUPAC name of the element with atomic number 107 is Unnilseptium.
3. C
   The similarity in behaviour of Li with Mg is referred to as 'diagonal relationship'.
4. D
   The oxidation state and covalency of Al in [AlCl(H$_2$O)$_5$]$^{2+}$ are 3 and 6, respectively.

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1. A
   Increase in escaping tendency of molecules of each component.
2. B
   Formation of hydrogen bonding between acetone and chloroform
3. C
   Stronger intermolecular forces between chloroform molecules than those between chloroform and acetone molecules.
4. D
   Repulsive forces.

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1. A
   3 and 3
2. B
   6 and 3
3. C
   6 and 6
4. D
   3 and 6

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1. A
   The root cap zone
2. B
   The region of meristematic activity
3. C
   The region of elongation
4. D
   The region of maturation

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1. A
   Funaria
2. B
   Pinus
3. C
   Selaginella
4. D
   Wolffia

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1. A
   permease
2. B
   transacetylase
3. C
   beta-galactosidase
4. D
   the repressor of lac operon

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1. A
   Biofortification
2. B
   Bioremediation
3. C
   Bioprospecting
4. D
   Biomagnification

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1. A
   A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
2. B
   A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
3. C
   A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II
4. D
   A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

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1. A
   A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
2. B
   A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
3. C
   A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
4. D
   A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

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