1. A
   The present net species extinction rate is zero.
2. B
   The current species extinction rate is nearly 10 times faster than in previous episodes.
3. C
   The present species extinction rates are 100 to 1000 times faster than in the pre-human times.
4. D
   The current species extinction rates are far lower than those in previous episodes.

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1. A
   Secondary structure
2. B
   Tertiary structure
3. C
   Primary structure
4. D
   Quaternary structure

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1. A
   to make the leaf impermeable to fungal spores.
2. B
   to transport water.
3. C
   to perform photosynthesis.
4. D
   to minimize water loss during water stress.

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1. A
   Extension $\to$ Annealing $\to$ Denaturation
2. B
   Annealing $\to$ Denaturation $\to$ Extension
3. C
   Denaturation $\to$ Extension $\to$ Annealing
4. D
   Denaturation $\to$ Annealing $\to$ Extension

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1. A
   A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
2. B
   A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
3. C
   A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
4. D
   A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

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1. A
   A, B and E only
2. B
   A, B and D only
3. C
   C, D and E only
4. D
   B, C and D only

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1. A
   A, B, C and D only
2. B
   A, C, D and E only
3. C
   B, C, D and E only
4. D
   A, B, C , D and E

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1. A
   Biological names are generally in Latin
2. B
   Both the words in a biological name, when handwritten, are separately underlined or printed in italics
3. C
   The specific epithet in the biolgial name starts with a small letter
4. D
   The first word in the biological name represents the specific epithet, while the second component denotes the genus

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1. A
   A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
2. B
   A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
3. C
   A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
4. D
   A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

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1. A
   Centrosome
2. B
   Chromatin
3. C
   Nucleolus
4. D
   Kinetochore

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1. A
   Between 0.5 and 0.95
2. B
   Less than 0.5
3. C
   1.0
4. D
   Between 1.25 and 2

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1. A
   A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
2. B
   A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
3. C
   A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II
4. D
   A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

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1. A
   A, B, D, C, E
2. B
   A, D, B, E, C
3. C
   A, E, C, B, D
4. D
   A, E, B, C, D

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1. A
   A, C and E only
2. B
   B, D and E only
3. C
   C, D and E only
4. D
   A, B and D only

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1. A
   B and C only
2. B
   B only
3. C
   B and E only
4. D
   A and D only

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1. A
   D, A, B, C, E
2. B
   E, B, A, D, C
3. C
   D, B, A, E, C
4. D
   E, A, B, C, D

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1. A
   A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
2. B
   A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
3. C
   A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
4. D
   A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

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1. A
   New cell wall deposition
2. B
   Cell enlargement
3. C
   Increased vacuolation
4. D
   Large conspicuous nuclei

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1. A
   A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
2. B
   A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
3. C
   A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II
4. D
   A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

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1. A
   Hexokinase
2. B
   PEP carboxylase
3. C
   RuBP carboxylase - oxygenase
4. D
   Carboxypeptidase

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1. A
   18 ATP and 12 NADPH
2. B
   12 ATP and 18 NADPH
3. C
   24 ATP and 18 NADPH
4. D
   6 ATP and 12 NADPH

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1. A
   $\oplus \, \phi \, K_{(5)} \, C_{(5)} \, A_5 \, \underline{G}_{(2)}$
2. B
   $\oplus \, \phi \, K_{(5)} \, \widehat{C}_{(5)} \, A_5 \, \underline{G}_{(2)}$
3. C
   $\oplus \, \phi \, K_5 \, C_5 \, A_5 \, \underline{G}_{(2)}$
4. D
   $\oplus \, \phi \, K_5 \, \widehat{C}_{(5)} \, A_5 \, \underline{G}_{(2)}$

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1. A
   Sacred Groves
2. B
   Wildlife Safari Parks
3. C
   Botanical Gardens
4. D
   Seed Banks

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1. A
   A and B only
2. B
   A and E only
3. C
   D and E only
4. D
   C and D only

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1. A
   The main axis terminates in a flower
2. B
   Flowers are solitary
3. C
   The growth is limited
4. D
   Flowers are borne in an acropetal succession

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