1. A
   Clove oil and vanilla essence
2. B
   Onion and turmeric
3. C
   Vanilla and methyl orange
4. D
   Clove oil and onion.

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1. A
   $\text{CaSO}_4\cdot 2\text{H}_2\text{O}$
2. B
   $\text{ZnSO}_4\cdot 7\text{H}_2\text{O}$
3. C
   $\text{MgSO}_4\cdot 7\text{H}_2\text{O}$
4. D
   $\text{CaSO}_4\cdot\frac{1}{2}\text{H}_2\text{O}$.

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1. A
   $\text{FeSO}_4$
2. B
   $\text{CaSO}_4$
3. C
   $\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3$
4. D
   $\text{CuSO}_4$.

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1. A
   equal to 0
2. B
   equal to 7
3. C
   more than 7
4. D
   less than 7.

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1. A
   Soaps and detergents factories near B and alcohol distillery near A
2. B
   Soaps and detergents factories near A and alcohol distillery near B
3. C
   Lead storage battery manufacturing factories near B and soaps and detergents factories near A.
4. D
   Lead storage battery manufacturing factories near A and soaps and detergents factories near B.

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1. A
   Acetic acid
2. B
   Oxalic acid
3. C
   Hydrochloric acid
4. D
   Lactic acid.

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1. A
   calcium chloride
2. B
   calcium hydroxide
3. C
   dry slaked lime
4. D
   moist slaked lime.

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1. A
   the mixture becomes light yellow
2. B
   the mixture becomes warm
3. C
   a solid settles at the bottom
4. D
   a gas evolves.

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1. A
   Pure water
2. B
   Lemon juice
3. C
   Milk of magnesia
4. D
   Gastric juice.

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1. A
   $\text{MgCO}_3$
2. B
   $\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3$
3. C
   $\text{MgSO}_4$
4. D
   $\text{NaHCO}_3$.

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1. A
   Chloride of lime
2. B
   Bleaching powder
3. C
   Both Chloride of lime and Bleaching powder
4. D
   Calcium chloride.

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1. A
   Acidic
2. B
   Neutral
3. C
   Amphoteric
4. D
   Basic.

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1. A
   Hydrogen chloride gas and water
2. B
   Sodium hydroxide and water
3. C
   Calcium chloride and water
4. D
   Ethanol and water.

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1. A
   Acetic acid
2. B
   Methanoic acid
3. C
   Lactic acid
4. D
   Oxalic acid.

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1. A
   $\text{Fe(OH)}_3$
2. B
   $\text{NH}_4\text{OH}$
3. C
   $\text{NaOH}$
4. D
   $\text{KOH}$.

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1. A
   Weak acid and strong base
2. B
   Weak acid and weak base
3. C
   Strong acid and weak base
4. D
   Strong acid and strong base.

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1. A
   mild non-corrosive base
2. B
   strong corrosive base
3. C
   mild corrosive base
4. D
   mild non-corrosive acid.

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1. A
   Magnesium phosphate
2. B
   Aluminium phosphate
3. C
   Calcium phosphate
4. D
   Sodium phosphate.

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1. A
   $\text{C}_3\text{H}_8$
2. B
   $\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{22}\text{O}_{11}$
3. C
   $\text{CH}_4$
4. D
   $\text{C}_2\text{H}_2$.

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1. A
   D only
2. B
   A and D
3. C
   A only
4. D
   B and C.

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1. A
   A, C and D only
2. B
   A and C only
3. C
   B, C and D only
4. D
   A and B only.

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1. A
   less than 4.5
2. B
   less than6.5
3. C
   more than 5.6
4. D
   less than 5.6.

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1. A
   Both statements 1 and 2 are false.
2. B
   Statement 1 is true but statement 2 is false.
3. C
   Both statements 1 and 2 are true but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.
4. D
   Both statements 1 and 2 are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.

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1. A
   (ii) and (iv) only
2. B
   (ii), (iii) and (iv)
3. C
   (iv) only
4. D
   (i) and (iii) only.

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1. A
   No plausible reason
2. B
   The first shower of rain is acidic
3. C
   First shower causes buds to blossom
4. D
   First shower of the rain is basic.

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