1. A
   A rectangular glass slab
2. B
   Convex lens
3. C
   Concave lens
4. D
   Prism

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1. A
   Diagram (a) - emergent ray reflected back
2. B
   Diagram (b) - emergent ray diverges upward
3. C
   Diagram (c) - ray passes straight through the optical centre
4. D
   Diagram (d) - emergent ray parallel to the principal axis

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1. A
   > 3
2. B
   < 1
3. C
   = 1
4. D
   > 1

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1. A
   A and the device X is a concave mirror
2. B
   A and the device X is a convex lens
3. C
   B and the device X is a convex lens
4. D
   B and the device X is a concave mirror

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1. A
   5 m
2. B
   40 m
3. C
   10 m
4. D
   20 m

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1. A
   $(f, f)$
2. B
   $(4f, 4f)$
3. C
   $\left(\dfrac{f}{2}, \dfrac{f}{2}\right)$
4. D
   $(2f, 2f)$

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1. A
   2, 2
2. B
   0.5, 1
3. C
   1, 2
4. D
   1, 1

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1. A
   The speed of light rays remains same while entering or leaving the converging lens.
2. B
   The speed of light rays decreases when they enter the converging lens.
3. C
   The speed of light rays increases when they enter the converging lens.
4. D
   The speed of light rays decreases when they leave the converging lens.

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1. A
   At X
2. B
   Between Y and O
3. C
   Between X and Y
4. D
   At Y

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1. A
   Diagram A
2. B
   Diagram B
3. C
   Diagram C
4. D
   Diagram D

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1. A
   $2.4 \times 10^{8}$ m s$^{-1}$
2. B
   $4 \times 10^{7}$ m s$^{-1}$
3. C
   $1.7 \times 10^{7}$ m s$^{-1}$
4. D
   $1.0 \times 10^{9}$ m s$^{-1}$

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1. A
   Picture A
2. B
   Picture B
3. C
   Picture C
4. D
   Picture D

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1. A
   Neither (i) nor (ii) is true.
2. B
   Only (i) is true.
3. C
   Both (i) and (ii) are true.
4. D
   Only (ii) is true.

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1. A
   both activities (i) and (ii)
2. B
   neither in activity (i) nor in activity (ii)
3. C
   activity (ii) only
4. D
   activity (i) only

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1. A
   P₁ > P₂
2. B
   Data is insufficient
3. C
   P₁ < P₂
4. D
   P₁ = P₂

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1. A
   $\frac{11}{12}$, $\frac{10}{12}$
2. B
   $\frac{11}{12}$, water
3. C
   water, $\frac{10}{12}$
4. D
   water, water

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1. A
   Neither (i) nor (ii) is true.
2. B
   Only (i) is true.
3. C
   Both (i) and (ii) are true.
4. D
   Only (ii) is true.

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1. A
   The loss of gravitational energy between P and Q is 1800 J.
2. B
   Total energy is 4800 J.
3. C
   The cyclist does not require a greater power when he travels at a higher constant speed.
4. D
   The kinetic energy at P is 3000 J.

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1. A
   Both the stones reach the bottom at the same time but not with the same speed.
2. B
   Both the stones reach the bottom with the same speed and stone II reaches the bottom earlier than stone I.
3. C
   Both the stones reach the bottom at different times and with different speeds.
4. D
   Both the stones reach the bottom with the same speed and stone I reaches the bottom earlier than stone II.

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1. A
   A curve that rises steeply from the origin and then bends over to level off (concave).
2. B
   A horizontal straight line (total energy stays constant as h changes).
3. C
   A straight line rising from the origin (total energy increases in proportion to h).
4. D
   A straight line falling from a high value down to the h-axis (total energy decreases as h increases).

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1. A
   10 m s⁻¹
2. B
   20 m s⁻¹
3. C
   40 m s⁻¹
4. D
   30 m s⁻¹

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1. A
   400 J
2. B
   100 J
3. C
   200 J
4. D
   220 J

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1. A
   In moving from B to C, work done by the force on the body is positive
2. B
   In moving from A to B, the body does work on the system
3. C
   In moving from O to A, work done by the force on the body is negative
4. D
   In moving from C to D, work done by the force on the body is positive

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1. A
   Graph a
2. B
   Graph b
3. C
   Graph c
4. D
   Graph d

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1. A
   Graph a
2. B
   Graph b
3. C
   Graph c
4. D
   Graph d

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