1. A
   Decolorizing agent
2. B
   Reducing agent
3. C
   Dehydrating agent
4. D
   Oxidizing agent

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1. A
   Addition reaction
2. B
   Displacement reaction
3. C
   Oxidation reaction
4. D
   Substitution reaction

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1. A
   hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail
2. B
   hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail
3. C
   hydrophilic head and a hydrophilic tail
4. D
   hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tail

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1. A
   Neither X and Y
2. B
   Both X and Y
3. C
   Y
4. D
   X

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1. A
   $\text{CH}_3\text{OH}$
2. B
   $\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}$
3. C
   $\text{C}_2\text{H}_6\text{OH}$
4. D
   $\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{OH}$

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1. A
   $\text{CH}_3\text{COOC}_2\text{H}_5$
2. B
   $\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{COOH}$
3. C
   $\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}$
4. D
   All of these

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1. A
   $\text{CH}_3\text{-CH}_2\text{-CH}_3$
2. B
   $\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{COOH}$
3. C
   $\text{CH}_3\text{COOC}_2\text{H}_5$
4. D
   $\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OH}$

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1. A
   $\text{H-C} \equiv \text{C-H}$
2. B
   $\text{H}_2\text{C} = \text{CH}_2$
3. C
   $\text{H}_3\text{-C} \equiv \text{C-H}$
4. D
   $\text{CH}_3\text{-CH}_3$

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1. A
   3
2. B
   2
3. C
   4
4. D
   1

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1. A
   Both statements 1 and 2 are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.
2. B
   Both statements 1 and 2 are true but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.
3. C
   Statement 1 and 2 are false.
4. D
   Statement 1 is true but statement 2 is false

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1. A
   ionic end of soap is in the interior of the cluster and the carbon chain is out of the cluster.
2. B
   both ionic end and carbon chain are in the interior of the cluster.
3. C
   both ionic end and carbon chain are on the exterior of the cluster.
4. D
   the ionic end of soap is on the surface of the cluster while the carbon chain is in the interior of the cluster.

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1. A
   coal
2. B
   carbon dioxide only
3. C
   carbon monoxide in traces and carbon dioxide
4. D
   carbon monoxide only

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1. A
   Allotropy
2. B
   Catenation
3. C
   Tetravalency
4. D
   Isomerism

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1. A
   Diamond
2. B
   All of these
3. C
   Graphite
4. D
   Coke

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1. A
   Presence of air
2. B
   Presence of light
3. C
   Very high temperature
4. D
   None of these

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1. A
   (i) and (ii)
2. B
   (ii) and (iii)
3. C
   (iii) and (iv)
4. D
   (i) and (iv)

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1. A
   two double bonds and one single bond
2. B
   only double bonds
3. C
   only single bonds
4. D
   only triple bonds

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1. A
   $\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH} \xrightarrow{\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4} \text{CH}_3\text{COOC}_2\text{H}_5$
2. B
   $\text{CH}_3\text{COOC}_2\text{H}_5 + \text{NaOH} \to \text{CH}_3\text{COONa} + \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}$
3. C
   $\text{CH}_3\text{COONa} + \text{NaOH} \xrightarrow{\text{CaO}} \text{CH}_4 + \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3$
4. D
   $2\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + 2\text{Na} \to 2\text{CH}_3\text{COONa} + \text{H}_2$

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1. A
   $\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OH} \xrightarrow{\text{acidified K}_2\text{Cr}_2\text{O}_7} \text{CH}_3\text{COOH}$ (Combustion)
2. B
   $\text{CH}_3\text{COOC}_2\text{H}_5 \xrightarrow{\text{NaOH}} \text{CH}_3\text{COONa} + \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}$ (Saponification)
3. C
   $\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH} \xrightarrow{\text{H}^+} \text{CH}_3\text{COOC}_2\text{H}_5 + \text{H}_2\text{O}$ (Esterification)
4. D
   $\text{CH}_3\text{COONa} + \text{NaOH} \to \text{CH}_4 + \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3$ (Decarboxylation)

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1. A
   (iii) and (iv) only
2. B
   (i) and (ii) only
3. C
   (i), (iii) and (iv) only
4. D
   (i), (ii) and (iii) only

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1. A
   Acetaldehyde
2. B
   Formic acid
3. C
   Acetone
4. D
   Ethyl alcohol

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1. A
   All of these
2. B
   $\text{Mg(HCO}_3\text{)}_2$
3. C
   $\text{CaCl}_2$
4. D
   $\text{CaSO}_4$

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1. A
   They are generally covalent compounds.
2. B
   Compounds have high melting and boiling points.
3. C
   Generally insoluble in water.
4. D
   Show isomerism

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1. A
   Non-luminous flame
2. B
   Luminous flame
3. C
   Sooty flame
4. D
   Smoky flame

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1. A
   (b) and (c)
2. B
   (a) and (c)
3. C
   (c) and (d)
4. D
   (a) and (b)

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