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Social Science · Textbook solutions

Development

Every solved example, exercise, and miscellaneous question, in the order the textbook teaches them. · 32 questions

Income and Other Goals

4 q

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Practice · 4
  1. LW 1.1 Q1
    Why do different persons have different notions of development? Which of the following explanations is more important and why? (a) Because people are different. (b) Because life situations of persons are different.
  2. LW 1.1 Q2
    Do the following two statements mean the same? Justify your answer. (a) People have different developmental goals. (b) People have conflicting developmental goals.
  3. LW 1.1 Q3
    Give some examples where factors other than income are important aspects of our lives.
  4. LW 1.1 Q4
    Explain some of the important ideas of the above section in your own words.

National Development

4 q

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Practice · 4
  1. Discuss the following situations:
    LW 1.2 Q1
    Look at the picture printed beside this question, which shows a cluster of small huts crowded at the foot of a tall multi-storeyed apartment block. What should be the developmental goals for such an area?
  2. Read this newspaper report and answer the questions that follow: A vessel dumped 500 tonnes of liquid toxic wastes into open-air dumps in a city and in the surrounding sea. This happened in a city called Abidjan in Ivory Coast, a country in Africa. The fumes from the highly toxic waste caused nausea, skin rashes, fainting, diarrhoea etc. After a month seven persons were dead, twenty in hospital and twenty six thousand treated for symptoms of poisoning. A multinational company dealing in petroleum and metals had contracted a local company of the Ivory Coast to dispose the toxic waste from its ship.
    LW 1.2 Q2 (i)
    Who are the people who benefited and who did not?
  3. Read this newspaper report and answer the questions that follow: A vessel dumped 500 tonnes of liquid toxic wastes into open-air dumps in a city and in the surrounding sea. This happened in a city called Abidjan in Ivory Coast, a country in Africa. The fumes from the highly toxic waste caused nausea, skin rashes, fainting, diarrhoea etc. After a month seven persons were dead, twenty in hospital and twenty six thousand treated for symptoms of poisoning. A multinational company dealing in petroleum and metals had contracted a local company of the Ivory Coast to dispose the toxic waste from its ship.
    LW 1.2 Q2 (ii)
    What should be the developmental goal for this country?
  4. Discuss the following situations:
    LW 1.2 Q3
    What can be some of the developmental goals for your village, town or locality?

How to Compare Different Countries or States?

6 q

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Practice · 6
  1. LW 1.3 Q1
    Give three examples where an average is used for comparing situations.
  2. LW 1.3 Q2
    Why do you think average income is an important criterion for development? Explain.
  3. LW 1.3 Q3
    Besides size of per capita income, what other property of income is important in comparing two or more societies?
  4. LW 1.3 Q4
    Suppose records show that the average income in a country has been increasing over a period of time. From this, can we conclude that all sections of the economy have become better? Illustrate your answer with an example.
  5. LW 1.3 Q5
    From the text, find out the per capita income level of about 10-15 low-income countries as per World Development Reports.
  6. LW 1.3 Q6
    Write a paragraph on your notion of what should India do, or achieve, to become a developed country.

Public Facilities

4 q

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Practice · 4
  1. LW 1.4 Q1
    Look at data in Tables 1.3 and 1.4. Is Haryana ahead of Kerala in literacy rate etc., as it is in terms of per capita income?
  2. LW 1.4 Q2
    Think of other examples where collective provision of goods and services is cheaper than individual provision.
  3. LW 1.4 Q3
    Does availability of good health and educational facilities depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities? What other factors could be relevant?
  4. LW 1.4 Q4
    In a study, it was found that in Tamil Nadu, 90 per cent of the people living in rural areas used a ration shop, whereas in West Bengal only 35 per cent of rural people did so. Where would people did better off and why?

Exercises

14 q
  1. Ex 1 Q1
    Development of a country can generally be determined by

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  2. Ex 1 Q2
    Which of the following neighbouring countries has better performance in terms of human development than India?

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  3. Ex 1 Q3
    Assume there are four families in a country. The average per capita income of these families is Rs 5000. If the income of three families is Rs 4000, Rs 7000 and Rs 3000 respectively, what is the income of the fourth family?

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  4. Ex 1 Q4
    What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries? What are the limitations of this criterion, if any?
  5. Ex 1 Q5
    In what respects is the criterion used by the UNDP for measuring development different from the one used by the World Bank?
  6. Ex 1 Q6
    Why do we use averages? Are there any limitations to their use? Illustrate with your own examples related to development.
  7. Ex 1 Q7
    Kerala, with lower per capita income has a better human development ranking than Haryana. Hence, per capita income is not a useful criterion at all and should not be used to compare states. Do you agree? Discuss.
  8. Ex 1 Q8
    Find out the present sources of energy that are used by the people in India. What could be the other possibilities fifty years from now?
  9. Ex 1 Q9
    Why is the issue of sustainability important for development?
  10. Ex 1 Q10
    "The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person". How is this statement relevant to the disscusion of development? Discuss.
  11. Ex 1 Q11
    List a few examples of environmental degradation that you may have observed around you.
  12. Ex 1 Q12
    For each of the items given in Table 1.6, find out which country is at the top and which is at the bottom.
  13. The following table shows the proportion of adults (aged 15-49 years) whose BMI is below normal (BMI below 18.5 kg/m2) in India. It is based on a survey of various states for the year 2019-21. Look at the table and answer the following questions.
    StateMale (%)Female (%)
    Kerala8.510
    Karnataka1721
    Madhya Pradesh2828
    All States2023
    Ex 1 Q13 (i)
    Compare the nutritional level of people in Kerala and Madhya Pradesh.
  14. The following table shows the proportion of adults (aged 15-49 years) whose BMI is below normal (BMI below 18.5 kg/m2) in India. It is based on a survey of various states for the year 2019-21. Look at the table and answer the following questions.
    StateMale (%)Female (%)
    Kerala8.510
    Karnataka1721
    Madhya Pradesh2828
    All States2023
    Ex 1 Q13 (ii)
    Can you guess why around one-fifth of people in the country are undernourished even though it is argued that there is enough food in the country? Describe in your own words.