Biology · Textbook solutions

Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Every solved example, exercise, and miscellaneous question, in the order the textbook teaches them. Plus every board question asked from this chapter. · 33 questions

Exercise

33 q

Q1. Multiple Choice Questions

Practice · 9

Multiple Choice Questions
Ex Q1(1) $Griffith worked on .............$
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Ex Q1(2) $The molecular knives of DNA are \dots\dots\dots\dots..$
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Ex Q1(3) $Translation occurs in the ...............$
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Ex Q1(4) $The enzyme required for transcription is ..................$
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Ex Q1(5) $Transcription is the transfer of genetic information from ..............$
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Ex Q1(6) $Which of the following is NOT part of protein synthesis?$
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Ex Q1(7) $In the RNA molecule, which nitrogen base is found in place of thymine?$
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Ex Q1(8) $How many codons are needed to specify three amino acid?$
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Ex Q1(10) $Place the following event of translation in the correct sequence i. Binding of met-tRNA to the start codon. ii. Covalent bonding between two amino acids. iii. Binding of second tRNA. iv. Joining of small and large ribosome subunits.$
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Q2. Very Short Answer Questions

Practice · 9

Very Short Answer Questions:
Ex Q2(1) $What is the function of an RNA primer during protein synthesis?$
Ex Q2(2) $Why the genetic code is considered as commaless?$
Ex Q2(3) $What is genome?$
Ex Q2(4) $Which enzyme does remove supercoils from replicating DNA?$
Ex Q2(5) $Why are Okazaki fragments formed on lagging strand only?$
Ex Q2(6) $When does DNA replication take place?$
Ex Q2(7) $Define term- codon and codogen.$
Ex Q2(8) $What is degeneracy of genetic code?$
Ex Q2(9) $Which are the nucleosomal 'core' histones?$

Q3. Short Answer Questions

Practice · 4

Short Answer Questions:
Ex Q3(1) $Write short note on DNA packaging in eukaryotic cell.$
Ex Q3(2) $Enlist the characteristics of genetic code.$
Ex Q3(3) $Write a note on applications of DNA finger printing.$
Ex Q3(4) $Explain the role of lactose in ‘Lac Operon’.$

Q4. Short Answer Questions

Practice · 5

Short Answer Questions:
Ex Q4(1) $Write a note on Human genome project (HGP).$
Ex Q4(2) $Describe the structure of ‘Operon’.$
Ex Q4(3) $In the figure below A, B and C are three types of ____________________.$
Ex Q4(4) $Identify the labeled structures on the following diagram of translation. Part A is the ________________________. Part B is the ________________________. Part C is the ________________________.$

Ex Q4(5)

Match the entries in column I with those of column II and choose the correct answer. Column I Column II A. Alkali treatment i. Separation of DNA fragments on gel slab B. Southern blotting ii. Split DNA fragments into single strands C. Electrophoresis iii. DNA transferred to nitrocellulose sheet D. PCR iv. X-ray photography E. Autoradiography v. Produce fragments of different sizes F. DNA treated with REN vi. DNA amplification

Column I	Column II
A. Alkali treatment	i. Separation of DNA fragments on gel slab
B. Southern blotting	ii. Split DNA fragments into single strands
C. Electrophoresis	iii. DNA transferred to nitrocellulose sheet
D. PCR	iv. X-ray photography
E. Autoradiography	v. Produce fragments of different sizes
F. DNA treated with REN	vi. DNA amplification

Q5. Long Answer Questions

Practice · 6

Long Answer Questions:
Ex Q5(1) $Explain the process of DNA replication.$
Ex Q5(2) $Describe the process of transcription in protein synthesis.$
Ex Q5(3) $Describe the process of translation in protein synthesis.$
Ex Q5(4) $Describe the ‘Lac-operon’.$
Ex Q5(5) $Justify the statements. If the answer is false, change the underlined word(s) to make the statement true. i. The DNA molecule is double stranded and the RNA molecule is single stranded. ii. The process of translation occurs at the ribosome. iii. The job of mRNA is to pick up amino acids and transport them to the ribosomes. iv. Transcription must occur before translation may occur.$

Ex Q5(6)

Guess (i) the possible locations of DNA on the collected evidence from a crime scene and (ii) the possible sources of DNA. Evidence Possible location of DNA on the evidence Sources of DNA e.g. Eyeglasses e.g. Ear pieces e.g. Sweat, Skin Bottle, Can, Glass Sides, mouthpiece________Handle Sweat, skin, blood Used cigarette Cigarette butt____Bite mark____saliva____Surface area Hair, semen, sweat, urine

Evidence	Possible location of DNA on the evidence	Sources of DNA
e.g. Eyeglasses	e.g. Ear pieces	e.g. Sweat, Skin
Bottle, Can, Glass	Sides, mouthpiece	____
____	Handle	Sweat, skin, blood
Used cigarette	Cigarette butt	____
Bite mark	____	saliva
____	Surface area	Hair, semen, sweat, urine

What the board has asked from this chapter

Questions per paper · 5 papers · 2024 to 2026

June 2026

2 q

Q. 8 $Considering Griffith experiment, answer the following. (a) Name the bacterium used. (b) Write conclusion of the experiment.$
The Genetic Material is DNA
Q. 31 $(a) What is DNA profiling? (b) Arrange the following steps of DNA profiling in correct sequence: (i) Selection of DNA probe (ii) Isolation of DNA (iii) Gel electrophoresis (iv) Hybridization (v) Southern blotting (vi) Restriction digestion$
DNA Fingerprinting

February 2026

3 q

Q. 2(vi) $Give the name of key factor in DNA profiling.$
DNA Fingerprinting
Q. 6 $\mathrm{H_1}$
DNA Packaging
Q. 20 $Enlist any six characteristics of genetic code.$
Protein Synthesis

July 2025

3 q

Q. 1(i) $The number of base pairs present around a histone octamer of nucleosome is _____ .$
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DNA Packaging
Q. 1(vi) $Identify initiation codon of mRNA from the following.$
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Protein Synthesis
Q. 29 $Describe the transcription and processing of hnRNA to mRNA in Eukaryotes.$
Protein Synthesis

July 2024

2 q

Q. 1(iii) $Protein digesting enzyme is ______.$
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The Genetic Material is DNA
Q. 3 $(a) Why DNA replication is called semi-conservative replication? (b) Name the scientist who experimentally proved the same.$
DNA Replication

March 2024

3 q

Q. 1(ii) $Which one of the following is not a part of lac operon?$
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Operon Concept
Q. 4 $Arrange the following steps of DNA fingerprinting in correct sequence : (a) Gel electrophoresis (b) Isolation of DNA (c) Southern blotting (d) Restriction digestion$
DNA Fingerprinting
Q. 15 $Give the different steps involved in formation of m-RNA from hn-RNA.$
Protein Synthesis

Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Exercise

Q1. Multiple Choice Questions

Q2. Very Short Answer Questions

Q3. Short Answer Questions

Q4. Short Answer Questions

Q5. Long Answer Questions

What the board has asked from this chapter

June 2026

February 2026

July 2025

July 2024

March 2024

The 10 board questions to practise first

Question 1

Question 2

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

Question 10