Geography · Textbook solutions
Human Settlements and Land Use
Every solved example, exercise, and miscellaneous question — in the order the textbook teaches them. Plus every board question asked from this chapter. · 42 questions
Chapter activities
17 q
Try this / Make friends with maps! / Can you tell?
Practice · 17
- Fig. 3.1 is an aerial photograph of a broad glaciated valley with five points marked on it. A lies high on a bare, steep mountain slope still patched with snow. B lies lower on the same side, on a green vegetated hill slope. C lies on the flat green valley floor. D lies on the flat, sandy ground at the very edge of the water at the bottom of the valley. E lies on flat green land beside a braided river further up the valley. A river runs down the valley and opens into a shallow lake.Act p00 F3.1(1)Where are human settlements likely to develop : A, B, C, D or E? Why?
- Act p00 F3.1(2)In the above figure in which place human settlement is not likely to develop and why?
- Act p00 F3.1(3)Looking at the figure above, what factors do you think could contribute to the development of human settlements?
- Act p00 F3.1(4)Can economic factors be important along with physical factors for the development of human settlements?
- Act p00 F3.1(5)Do physical factors affect the economic activities of human settlements?
- Act p00 F3.1(6)Make a list of factors which affect development of settlements in an area.
- Act p03 RecallCan you differentiate between urban and rural settlements?
- Act p03 ThinkCan a town have only one function? Why do the cities become multi-functional?
- Act p06 CYTYou know what is urban and what is rural. What will you call the area that lies between them?
- See the two Land Use Land Cover maps of Ichalkaranji city, Kolhapur district, given below and observe how changes have occurred in the city over the years. Map A) is for 2007 and map B) for 2017. Both are at a scale of 1:80,000 and were generated by the Maharashtra Remote Sensing Application Centre, Department of Planning, Government of Maharashtra. The legend is:On both maps a blue line runs across the south-east corner, labelled PANCHAGANAGA RIVER, and a network of thin black lines crosses the map. The settlements named are Ichalkaranji, Rui, Chandur, Sajani, Korochi, Takawade, Ingali, Haroli, Jambhali, Nandani, Kondigre, Yadrav, Mangaonwadi, Gaon Bhag and Shahu Nagar, with two areas marked INDUSTRIAL ESTATE. Also labelled are a stadium, several colleges and gardens, a sports complex, a playground, temples, a bus stand, an S.T. depot, an RTO office, an MSEB power station, a water treatment plant and a sewrage treatment plant. Between 2007 and 2017 the bright pink residential area of Ichalkaranji spreads outward in every direction, most of it over ground that was pale yellow agriculture or light pink wasteland-scrub on the earlier map. The navy blue industrial patches also grow, and a brown mining/quarry patch appears in the north-west.
Colour Land use / land cover class Pale yellow Agriculture Olive green Forest Light pink (mauve) Wasteland-Scrub Blue Waterbodies Dark red Built Up - Rural Bright pink (magenta) Built Up - Residential Salmon Built Up - Residential-Sparse Navy blue Built Up - Industrial Purple Built Up - Public/Semipublic Dark green Built Up - Recreation Brown Built Up - Mining/Quarry Pale teal Built Up - Open Space Act p07 Ichal(1)Enlist the colours used for showing land uses in the index. - Act p07 Ichal(2)What do the blue and the black lines show?
- Act p07 Ichal(3)What is the name of the river in the map?
- Act p07 Ichal(4)Name any two villages shown on the map.
- Act p07 Ichal(5)Which city is shown on the map?
- Act p07 Ichal(6)Which periods do the maps belong to?
- Act p07 Ichal(7)Which land covers have reduced? What are their colours?
- Act p07 Ichal(8)Which land covers seem to have increased?
Exercise
25 q
- Identify the correct correlation : A : Assertion; R : ReasoningEx Q1(1)A : Settlements can be of various types. R : Various physical factors affect the growth of settlements.
- A.Only A is correct.
- B.Only R is correct.
- C.Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
- D.Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- A.
- Ex Q1(2)A : When cities grow, their functions also grow. R : Cities can have only one function.
- A.Only A is correct.
- B.Only R is correct.
- C.Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
- D.Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- A.
- Give geographical reasons :Ex Q2(1)Not all rural settlements change into urban settlements.
- Ex Q2(2)In rural settlements, land use is related to agriculture.
- Ex Q2(3)Rural-urban fringes have the characteristics of both urban and rural settlements.
- Ex Q2(4)Growth of urban areas is linked to land use.
- Write short notes on :Ex Q3(1)Interrelationship between rural and urban settlements.
- Ex Q3(2)Problems of urban settlements.
- Ex Q3(3)Suburbs.
- Ex Q3(4)Mixed land use.
- Answer the following questions :Ex Q4(1)Explain the characteristics of rural settlements.
- Ex Q4(2)What factors are responsible for development of various patterns in a settlement? Give examples.
- Differentiate between :Ex Q5(1)Land use and Land cover
- Ex Q5(2)Barren and Non-agricultural land
- Ex Q5(3)Radial pattern and Circular pattern
- Ex Q5(4)Nucleated and Dispersed settlement
- Draw a neat and well-labelled diagram for :Ex Q6(1)Linear settlement
- Ex Q6(2)Radial settlement
- Ex Q6(3)Compact settlement
- Ex Q6(4)Dispersed settlement
- Ex Q7Write a note in your own words about how land use in Lonar city has evolved over time. Two Land Use Land Cover maps of Lonar city are given, one for 2005-06 and one for 2015-16, both at a scale of 1:30,000 and generated by the Maharashtra Remote Sensing Application Centre. Their legend is:On the 2005-06 map the features named are Lonar Lake with its ring of forest, Lonar City, Lonar, Saraswati Village, Lonai Village and two Temples. On the 2015-16 map all of those still appear, and in addition Krishna Nagar, Central Public School, Civil & Criminal Court, Tehsil Office, Rural Hospital, Gov. Hostel and Gov. ITI are named. The bright pink residential area around Lonar City is larger, and a band of residential and sparse-residential land now extends south-east past Lonai Village towards Krishna Nagar over ground that was Wasteland-Scrub in 2005-06.
Colour Land use / land cover class Pale yellow Agriculture Olive green Forest Light pink (mauve) Wasteland-Scrub Blue Waterbodies Dark red Built Up - Rural Bright pink (magenta) Built Up - Residential Salmon Built Up - Residential-Sparse Navy blue Built Up - Industrial Purple Built Up - Public/Semipublic Dark green Built Up - Recreation Brown Built Up - Mining/Quarry Pale teal Built Up - Open Space - Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow : Different types of human settlements include hamlets, villages, small towns, large towns, isolated places, cities and conurbations. In some systems, types of human settlements are broken up into urban, suburban and rural; for example, the U.S. Census Bureau divides settlements into urban or rural categories based on precise definitions. Small settlements, such as hamlets and villages, have low populations and restricted access to services. Larger types of settlements, such as cities, have higher populations, higher densities and greater access to services. For example, a village may have only one or two general stores, while a large metropolis may have many specialized stores and chain stores. These differences are known as low-order service settlements and high-order service settlements. Larger settlements also have a sphere of influence affecting surrounding settlements. Settlements may also be divided by the site chosen, such as sites selected based on resources, trading points, defensive sites, shelter and relationship to water resources. The functions of human settlements also differ, as settlements may be established as ports, market towns and resorts. Types of rural settlements may also be classified by function, such as proximity to farming, fishing and mining. Settlements that focus on one economic activity are called single functional settlements. Human settlements may be permanent or temporary. For example, a refugee camp is a temporary settlement, while a city is a permanent settlement.Ex Q8(1)Which human settlements are mentioned in the passage above?
- Ex Q8(2)On what basis are urban and rural areas classified?
- Ex Q8(3)What are the functions carried out in rural settlements?
- Ex Q8(4)Explain the difference between low-order service and high-order service settlements.
What the board has asked from this chapter
Questions per paper · 3 papers · 2024 to 2026
2024: 11 questions per paper. 2025: 12 questions per paper. 2026: 15 questions per paper
June 2026
7 q
- Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C' :
S.No. 'A' 'B' 'C' (1) Migration (a) Meat Processing (h) Cottage Industry (2) Urban problem (b) Communication (i) Milk processing (3) Pastoral based industries (c) Pulp processing (j) Transportation (4) Tertiary economic activity (d) Increase in slums (k) Climatology (5) Physical Geography (e) Geomorphology (l) Forced (f) Voluntary (m) Crime Q1(A)(2)Urban problemUrban Land Use - Choose the correct option by identifying the correct co-relation between Assertion and Reason. A : Assertion R : ReasonQ1(B)(2)A : Settlements are of various types. R : Various physical factors affect the development of settlements.
- A.Only A is correct
- B.Only R is correct
- C.Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A.
- D.Both A and R are correct but R is not correct explanation of A.
Factors Affecting Human Settlements - A.
- Do as directed :Q1(C)(2)According to size, arrange the settlements from large to small. (a) Suburb (b) Megacity (c) City (d) Metro-cityTypes of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
- State whether the following statements are True or False :Q1(D)(2)Settlements can not be classified according to functions.Types of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
- Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :Q2(2)In rural settlements, land use is related to agriculture.Rural Land Use
- Differentiate between (Any THREE) :Q3(2)Rural settlement and Urban settlementTypes of Settlements
- Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :Q4(A)(3)Commercial City in the USA.Types of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
March 2026
8 q
- Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C' :
No. 'A' 'B' 'C' (1) Making maps (a) Delhi (l) Niger (2) Administrative cities (b) Pampas (m) Small-Scale Industry (3) Grass-Land Region (c) Observation (n) Skills of Geographer (4) Toys (d) Bangladesh (o) New York (5) Population Explosion (e) Paper Industry (p) Argentina Q1(A)(2)Administrative citiesTypes of Urban Settlements and Their Functions - Write True or False :Q1(D)(3)The area between urban and rural area is called urban-rural fringe.Rural-Urban Fringe and Suburbs
- Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :Q2(5)Not all rural settlements change into urban settlements.Types of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
- Read the following passage and answer the questions given below : More than 3,500 years back, the city of Knossos on the island of Crete was the main centre town of the Minuan civilization. By 500 BC, Greece had become one of the most highly urbanized areas on the Earth. The Greeks established over 500 cities and small towns on the main lands as well as on the islands. Athens and Sparta were the leading cities of Greece. Athens may have been the largest city in the world at the time, with an estimated 2,50,000 inhabitants. The Greek cities were the centres of religion and power but also served as economic nodes. Cities were the main market places and bases from which wealthy merchants, land and livestock owners and traders operated. As educational centres, residents of cities included teachers and philosophers. They also had handicrafts industries that attracted the best crafts people and investors. In all of these roles, ancient cities were the anchors of cultural society; the focal points of power, authority and change.Q6(A)(1)Which was the largest city in the world during Greek period?Types of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
- Q6(A)(2)State the role of Greek cities.Types of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
- Q6(A)(3)What was the estimated population of Athens city?Types of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
- Q6(A)(4)Which amenities and services were available in ancient Greek cities?Types of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
- Draw neat, labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :Q6(B)(1)Linear SettlementPatterns of Settlements
June 2025
7 q
- Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in coloumn 'A', 'B' and 'C' :
No. 'A' 'B' 'C' (1) Ice covered region (a) Capital of the country (l) Harmful farming (2) Administrative city (b) Artificial satellite (m) Sparsely populated (3) Shifting agriculture (c) Use of manpower (n) Communication (4) Cottage industry (d) Polar region (o) Weavers (5) Global Positioning System (GPS) (e) Small size of farm (p) Tokyo Q1(A)(2)Administrative cityTypes of Urban Settlements and Their Functions - Choose the correct option and complete the sentences.Q1(B)(2)Land use in Rural Area :
- A.Industries
- B.Trade
- C.Recreational
- D.Forests
Rural Land Use - A.
- True or False :Q1(C)(5)Location of human settlement is not affected by physical factors.Factors Affecting Human Settlements
- Do as directed :Q1(D)(3)Arrange the following settlements according to the population in ascending order : (a) Metropolitan city (b) Suburb (c) City (d) MegacityTypes of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
- Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :Q4(A)(4)Administrative City : MoscowTypes of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
- Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :Q5(1)Land use in Rural area.Rural Land Use
- Draw neat, labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :Q6(B)(1)Triangular pattern of settlement.Patterns of Settlements
March 2025
5 q
- Identify the incorrect factor and write it :Q1(D)(4)Permanent Human Settlements are not found in Antarctica. (a) Very cool climate (b) Fertile soil (c) Frozen land (d) Long winterFactors Affecting Human Settlements
- Differentiate between (Any THREE) :Q3(1)Land use and Land coverRural Land Use
- Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :Q4(A)(3)Major administrative city in Maharashtra.Types of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
- Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :Q5(2)Mixed land useUrban Land Use
- Draw neat, labelled diagrams ( Any TWO) :Q6(B)(2)Circular SettlementPatterns of Settlements
June 2024
7 q
- Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C' :
No. 'A' 'B' 'C' (1) Consumer goods (a) Physical geography (h) Commercial area (2) Geography (b) International (i) Climatology (3) Migration (c) Industrial area (j) Pharmaceuticals (4) Formal region (d) Distinct boundaries (k) India to Australia (5) Urban land use (e) Ready for direct consumption (l) State (f) Current fallow (m) Automobiles Q1(A)(5)Urban land useUrban Land Use - Choose the correct option by identifying the correct co-relation between the assertion and reason : (A : Assertion R : Reason)Q1(B)(2)A : When cities grow, their functions also grow. R : Cities have only one function.
- A.Only A is correct.
- B.Only R is correct.
- C.Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
- D.Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Types of Urban Settlements and Their Functions - A.
- Identify and write the incorrect factor :Q1(C)(2)Types of settlements on the basis of spacing between the houses _____. (a) Compact settlement (b) Dispersed settlement (c) Isolated settlement (d) Regional settlementTypes of Settlements
- Identify whether the following statements are true or false :Q1(D)(2)Man is not a social animal.Factors Affecting Human Settlements
- Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :Q2(3)The suburbs near main cities are rapidly developing.Rural-Urban Fringe and Suburbs
- Distinguish between (Any THREE) :Q3(1)Triangular settlement and Circular settlement.Patterns of Settlements
- Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :Q4(A)(2)Mega city on the western coast of India.Types of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
March 2024
4 q
- Write True or False :Q1(B)(1)Land use patterns in rural areas are different from urban area.Rural Land Use
- Differentiate between (Any THREE) :Q3(2)Nucleated and Dispersed settlement.Types of Settlements
- Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :Q5(1)Functional classification of urban settlementTypes of Urban Settlements and Their Functions
- Draw neat, labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :Q6(B)(2)Linear pattern.Patterns of Settlements