Geography · Textbook solutions
Secondary Economic Activities
Every solved example, exercise, and miscellaneous question — in the order the textbook teaches them. Plus every board question asked from this chapter. · 37 questions
Chapter activities
15 q
Try this / Make friends with maps! / Use your brain power!
Practice · 15
- Read the following situations and answer. 1) Look at the map of Solapur district in fig. 5.2, which shows the location of some major sugar industries at Vairag, Akluj, Pimpalner, Takli Sikandar, Bhilarwadi, Bhalwani, Waki Shivne, Dahitane, Mangalvedha and Solapur. Shamrao is a farmer at location A. He has just harvested his sugarcane crop. 2) Firoz's son has done an advanced course in Bakery Management from the nearby city. Firoz wants his son to start a bakery in their village but his son says it should be in the city, which is around 20 kms from their village. 3) Shantaram is a young boy from a tribal area in Maharashtra. He wants to start a honey processing unit as he has access to good honeycombs in the forest. The city is around 35 kms away. He has his own land in the village and is also getting land in the city.Act p01 Scen(1)Study the map and tell where should Shamrao send his crop? What factors will Shamrao consider for this?
- Act p01 Scen(2)Who is correct, Firoz or his son? Why?
- Act p01 Scen(3)Where should Shantaram establish the honey factory, in the village or in the city? Why?
- Act p03 CYTFind examples of market-oriented industries.
- Act p05 FootlooseFollowing is a list of a few industries. Think about the factors of location of these industries and tell whether they are footloose industries or not. Complete the table accordingly. 1) Cotton textile industries 2) Cement industries 3) Diamond cutting industries 4) Mobile manufacturing units 5) Paper industry 6) Sugar industry 7) Food processing industry 8) IT (Hardware) industry 9) Oil refinery 10) Hairpins industry
Name of Industry Raw materials required Finished products Factor affecting location ......... ......... ......... ......... - Study the given map in fig. 5.3 and answer the questions that follow. Fig. 5.3 is a world map titled 'World - Major Industrial Regions'. Latitude lines are marked at 60 degrees N, 30 degrees N, 0, 30 degrees S and 60 degrees S. The industrial regions are shaded and named: North America: N.W. Region, Western Region (Pacific Coastal Region), S. Canada, New England, New York, Mid-Atlantic Region, Eastern Texas. South America: Venezuela, Eastern Brazil, S.E. Brazil, Argentina, Chile. Europe: Scandinavian countries, Great Britain Region, Ruhr Region, Italy, Moscow-Tula-Vladimir triangle, North Caucasus Region, Ural-Volga Region. Africa: Ghana, Congo, Zambia, Kimberley, Witwatersrand. Asia: Siberian Region, Manchurian Region, Vladivostok Region, S. Korea, Tokyo-Kawasaki-Yokohama, Nagoya and N. Kyushu, Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto, East Coast (Beijing), Lower Yangtze (Shanghai), Middle East Region, Ahmedabad-Vadodara, Mumbai-Pune, Chhota Nagpur Plateau, Coimbatore-Bangalore Region. Australia: Perth, Adelaide, Melbourne, Sydney, Auckland, Waikato, Canterbury. Antarctica: no industrial region is shown. Almost all the shaded regions lie north of the equator, and the great majority of them between 30 degrees N and 60 degrees N.Act p05 F5.3(1)In which hemisphere do you find more concentration of industries?
- Act p05 F5.3(2)In which part of North America has the industrial region been mainly developed?
- Act p05 F5.3(3)In which parts of Europe is concentration of industries mainly found?
- Act p05 F5.3(4)Why is less industrial development found in the other parts of African continent except coastal areas?
- Act p05 F5.3(5)In which part of India do you find concentration of industries?
- Act p05 F5.3(6)Why do you think coastal areas have higher concentration of industries?
- Act p05 F5.3(7)Write a concluding paragraph on latitudinal distribution of industries in the world.
- Act p09 UBP(1)Refer to the lumbering map of the world in fig. 4.1 and to fig. 5.3, and tell which industries will be located in the northernmost island of Japan.
- Act p09 UBP(2)How have the Great Lakes been instrumental in development of industrial region in the USA?
- Act p09 UBP(3)How has the Trans-Siberian Railway contributed to development of industries in Russia?
Exercise
22 q
- Ex Q1Complete the chain.
A B C 1) Small-scale industries 1) Manual manufacturing 1) Ceramics 2) Cottage industries 2) Skilled crafts person 2) Tata Iron and Steel company 3) Consumer goods 3) Individual ownership 3) Potters 4) Private sector 4) Ready for direct consumption 4) Pharmaceutical - Identify the correct correlation : A : Assertion; R : ReasoningEx Q2(1)A : The humid climate of Mumbai offered great scope for the development of cotton textile industries. R : Industries require ample amount of water.
- A.Only A is correct
- B.Only R is correct
- C.Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
- D.Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
- A.
- Ex Q2(2)A : In India, industries are found concentrated in few areas are available. R : India is predominantly agrarian country.
- A.Only A is correct
- B.Only R is correct
- C.Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
- D.Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
- A.
- Give geographical reasons :Ex Q3(1)Distribution of industries is uneven.
- Ex Q3(2)Iron and steel industries are found in mineral rich area of Dhanbad.
- Ex Q3(3)Fruit-processing industries are found in Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg districts of Konkan region.
- Ex Q3(4)Industrial growth in southern America is limited.
- Short notes :Ex Q4(1)Footloose industries.
- Ex Q4(2)Public sector industries.
- Ex Q4(3)Economies of scale.
- Ex Q4(4)Role of transportation in industries.
- Differentiate between :Ex Q5(1)Weight-losing and Weight-gaining industries.
- Ex Q5(2)Primary and Secondary activities.
- Ex Q5(3)Basic industries and Consumer industries.
- Answer the following :Ex Q6(1)Explain the physical factors affecting location of industries.
- Ex Q6(2)Explain the factors affecting location of sugar industries.
- Ex Q6(3)Describe the factors that are responsible for less developement of industries in central Australia.
- Show the following on a map of the world with suitable index :Ex Q7(1)Ruhr industrial region
- Ex Q7(2)An industrial region in Japan
- Ex Q7(3)An industrial region in South Africa
- Ex Q7(4)An industrial region in Australia
- Ex Q7(5)Industrial region near Great Lakes
What the board has asked from this chapter
Questions per paper · 3 papers · 2024 to 2026
2024: 21 questions per paper. 2025: 18 questions per paper. 2026: 16 questions per paper
June 2026
9 q
- Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C' :
S.No. 'A' 'B' 'C' (1) Migration (a) Meat Processing (h) Cottage Industry (2) Urban problem (b) Communication (i) Milk processing (3) Pastoral based industries (c) Pulp processing (j) Transportation (4) Tertiary economic activity (d) Increase in slums (k) Climatology (5) Physical Geography (e) Geomorphology (l) Forced (f) Voluntary (m) Crime Q1(A)(3)Pastoral based industriesClassification of Industries - Choose the correct option by identifying the correct co-relation between Assertion and Reason. A : Assertion R : ReasonQ1(B)(3)A : The humid climate of Mumbai is suitable for the development of cotton textile industries. R : Cement industries are found in large scale at Mumbai.
- A.Only A is correct
- B.Only R is correct
- C.Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A.
- D.Both A and R are correct but R is not correct explanation of A.
Physical Factors Affecting Location of Industries - A.
- Do as directed :Q1(C)(3)Arrange the industries in descending order according to the high capital investment - (a) Carpentry (b) Iron and steel industry (c) Toy making industry (d) Milk processing industryClassification of Industries
- State whether the following statements are True or False :Q1(D)(3)Sugar industries are located near raw material producing area.Physical Factors Affecting Location of Industries
- Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :Q2(4)Distribution of industries is uneven in the world.Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Differentiate between (Any THREE) :Q3(4)Heavy industries and Light industriesClassification of Industries
- Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :Q4(A)(5)Perth - an industrial region.Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Write short notes on (Any THREE) :Q5(2)Classification of industries based on ownership.Classification of Industries
- Draw neat, labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :Q6(B)(2)Classification of industries based on output.Classification of Industries
March 2026
7 q
- Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C' :
No. 'A' 'B' 'C' (1) Making maps (a) Delhi (l) Niger (2) Administrative cities (b) Pampas (m) Small-Scale Industry (3) Grass-Land Region (c) Observation (n) Skills of Geographer (4) Toys (d) Bangladesh (o) New York (5) Population Explosion (e) Paper Industry (p) Argentina Q1(A)(4)ToysClassification of Industries - Choose the correct option and complete the sentences :Q1(B)(5)Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited is ______ type of establishment.
- A.Joint Sector
- B.Co-operative Sector
- C.Public Sector
- D.Private Sector
Classification of Industries - A.
- Answer the following questions as per given instructions :Q1(C)(1)Arrange the following industries in descending order based on capital investments - (a) Small scale industry (b) Micro scale industry (c) Large scale industry (d) Medium scale industryClassification of Industries
- Write True or False :Q1(D)(5)Factors affecting industrial location are the same everywhere.Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :Q2(1)Fruit processing industries are found in Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg Districts of Konkan region.Physical Factors Affecting Location of Industries
- Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :Q4(A)(5)Any one industrial region in JapanMajor Industrial Regions of the World
- Answer the following questions in detail (Any ONE) :Q7(2)Explain the factors affecting the location of industries.Physical Factors Affecting Location of Industries
June 2025
10 q
- Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in coloumn 'A', 'B' and 'C' :
No. 'A' 'B' 'C' (1) Ice covered region (a) Capital of the country (l) Harmful farming (2) Administrative city (b) Artificial satellite (m) Sparsely populated (3) Shifting agriculture (c) Use of manpower (n) Communication (4) Cottage industry (d) Polar region (o) Weavers (5) Global Positioning System (GPS) (e) Small size of farm (p) Tokyo Q1(A)(4)Cottage industryClassification of Industries - Choose the correct option and complete the sentences.Q1(B)(4)Mineral Based Industries :
- A.Iron and steel industries
- B.Textile industries
- C.Sugar industries
- D.Food Processing industries
Classification of Industries - A.
- Do as directed :Q1(D)(5)Arrange the following industries in ascending order on the basis of their capital investment. (a) Medium scale industries (b) Small scale industries (c) Large scale industries (d) Micro scale industriesClassification of Industries
- Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :Q4(A)(8)Industrial Region in South Africa : Kimberley Witwatersand.Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Read the following map/graphs and answer the questions given below : The map is titled 'Map Reading - World Industrial Region'. Its index carries a single symbol, Industrial Region, shown as a solid shaded patch. The shaded patches are named as follows. In North America: New England and the Mid Atlantic Region. In South America: South Brazil and Argentina. In Europe: Great Britain and France. In Asia: the Siberian Region, Chota Nagpur, Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Bengaluru, and Osaka-Kobe with Kyoto. In Australia and New Zealand: Perth, Adelaide, Sydney and Auckland. The continent of Africa carries no shaded patch of any kind.Q4(B)(1)What does map indicate?Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Q4(B)(2)In which continent Perth and Sydney industrial regions are located?Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Q4(B)(3)Name the industrial regions in the U.S.A.Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Q4(B)(4)Which continent has less industrial development?Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Q4(B)(5)In which country Osaka-Kobe and Kyoto industrial regions are located?Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Answer the following questions in detail (Any ONE) :Q7(2)Explain in detail the classification of industries based on the source of raw material.Classification of Industries
March 2025
8 q
- Complete the chain and rewrite in your answer paper :
No. 'A' 'B' 'C' (1) Amazon River basin (1) Manufacturing Activities (1) Tata Iron and Steel Industries. (2) Constrictive Pyramid (2) Commercial cattle rearing (2) Low population density. (3) Industrial Region (3) Individual (3) Low birth rate and least death rate. (4) Pampas Grassland (4) Dense equatorial Forest (4) South America (5) Private (5) More old age Population (5) Availability of Employment Q1(A)(3)Industrial RegionMajor Industrial Regions of the World - Q1(A)(5)PrivateClassification of Industries
- Do as directed: Choose the correct option and write.Q1(B)(3)In USA, industrial areas are found in North-Eastern region.
- A.dense population
- B.availability of capital
- C.availability of rich deposits of coal and iron-ore
- D.centralization of transport route.
Major Industrial Regions of the World - A.
- Identify the correct co-relation in the given statements and write : A : Assertion R : ReasoningQ1(C)(2)A : In India, industrial areas are found concentrated in few regions. R : India is agricultural country.
- A.Only A is correct
- B.Only R is correct
- C.Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
- D.Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Major Industrial Regions of the World - A.
- Identify the incorrect factor and write it :Q1(D)(3)Footloose industries : (a) Cement industries (b) Clock making industries (c) Diamond cutting industries (d) Hairpin making industriesEconomic and Other Factors Affecting Location of Industries
- Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :Q2(3)Distribution of industries is uneven.Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Q2(4)Industrial development is not found in Central Australia.Physical Factors Affecting Location of Industries
- Differentiate between (Any THREE) :Q3(2)Public sector industry and Private industry.Classification of Industries
June 2024
9 q
- Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C' :
No. 'A' 'B' 'C' (1) Consumer goods (a) Physical geography (h) Commercial area (2) Geography (b) International (i) Climatology (3) Migration (c) Industrial area (j) Pharmaceuticals (4) Formal region (d) Distinct boundaries (k) India to Australia (5) Urban land use (e) Ready for direct consumption (l) State (f) Current fallow (m) Automobiles Q1(A)(1)Consumer goodsClassification of Industries - Choose the correct option by identifying the correct co-relation between the assertion and reason : (A : Assertion R : Reason)Q1(B)(3)A : Diversity is found in industrial production in India. R : India is predominantly agrarian country.
- A.Only A is correct.
- B.Only R is correct.
- C.Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
- D.Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Major Industrial Regions of the World - A.
- Identify and write the incorrect factor :Q1(C)(3)Industries based on ownership : (a) Ancillary sector (b) Public sector (c) Private sector (d) Co-operative sectorClassification of Industries
- Identify whether the following statements are true or false :Q1(D)(3)Bakery industries are not located near the markets.Economic and Other Factors Affecting Location of Industries
- Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :Q2(4)Industrial growth is limited in South America.Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Distinguish between (Any THREE) :Q3(4)Large-scale industries and Cottage industries.Classification of Industries
- Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :Q4(A)(5)Major industrial country in Northern part of South America.Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Write short notes on (Any THREE) :Q5(2)Classification of industries based on the source of raw materials.Classification of Industries
- Draw neat and labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :Q6(B)(3)Classification of industries on the basis of capital investment.Classification of Industries
March 2024
12 q
- Complete the chain and rewrite in your answer paper :
No. 'A' 'B' 'C' (1) Consumer goods (e) Atlantic ocean (m) Pharmaceutical product (2) Panama canal (f) Fertile region (n) Ecological balance (3) Plain (g) Ready for direct consumption (o) Development of Agriculture (4) Food chain (h) Short term (p) Pacific ocean (5) Migration (i) Ecosystem (r) Arabian sea (j) Indian ocean (s) Long term Q1(A)(1)Consumer goodsClassification of Industries - Write True or False :Q1(B)(3)Iron and steel industry depends on minerals.Classification of Industries
- Choose the correct option and complete the sentences :Q1(C)(3)Identify the agro-based industries :
- A.Iron and steel industry
- B.Sugar industry
- C.Chemical industry
- D.Cement industry
Classification of Industries - A.
- Identify incorrect factor :Q1(D)(2)Mineral based industries : (a) Petrochemicals (b) Iron and steel industry (c) Woollen textile industry (d) Aluminium industryClassification of Industries
- Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :Q2(4)There are many factors which have hindered the growth of industries in South America.Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :Q4(A)(4)An industrial region in South Africa - Kimberley.Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Q4(A)(5)Industrial region near Great Lakes.Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :Q5(2)Foot loose industriesEconomic and Other Factors Affecting Location of Industries
- Read the following passage and answer the questions given below : Economic motivation is universally and easily available nowadays. It can be given in all sectors. In production sectors more than one such stimulators are used to increase production. Workers and capitalists should work more enthusiastically to increase the production. For that incentive is very useful for such purpose. Desire of power, fame, honest intention of serving, patriotism, such encouragements also motivate human beings to work. These all sources of motivation are mixed more or less in ethical standards of work. Economic motivation is very important motivation. There can be various types of economic motivations. Bonus is given to the workers for the task which is done before deadlines. Sample tasks are considered in the context of the task. Extra allowances or remuneration is given if the production is more than expected and quality is also maintained. This is done so that dissatisfaction does not arise among workers. Such efforts are constantly needed to increase production. The workers can work enthusiastically if the special allowances or incentives are offered. Promotion in job is offerred as an encouragement to do good work is also a kind of economic incentive which is commonly used.Q6(A)(1)What is meant by economic motivation?Nature of Secondary Economic Activities
- Q6(A)(2)What is the purpose of increasing the production for capitalists?Nature of Secondary Economic Activities
- Q6(A)(3)Why special remuneration (bonus) is given?Nature of Secondary Economic Activities
- Q6(A)(4)Compare the skilled and unskilled workers in the secondary economic activity.Nature of Secondary Economic Activities