Geography · Textbook solutions

Tertiary Economic Activities

Every textbook question in book order, plus the board's past questions. · 44 questions

Chapter activities

18 q

Try this / Can you tell? / Use your brain power!

Practice · 18

Act p01 UBP(1) $Do tertiary activities involve only services?$
Act p01 UBP(2) $Can there be products in tertiary activities? Make a list of such products.$
In figure 6.1 many economic activities included in tertiary occupations are listed.
Act p01 CYT $Classify the economic activities listed in fig. 6.1 into two categories: activities dependent on geographical factors, and activities not dependent on geographical factors.$
Act p02 CYT $Make a list of things you use in your daily life, divide the activities through which they have been obtained into primary, secondary and tertiary, and say whether your list contains any product not derived by any of these activities.$
Consider the following conditions a, b and c and answer the questions that follow : a) There are two countries 'A' and 'B'. 'A' produces 500 tonnes of wheat by employing 200 labourers. 'B' produces 1,000 tonnes of wheat by employing 300 labourers. b) Country 'C' produces 300 kg of tea and 'D' produces 500 kg of coffee. 'C' does not produce coffee and 'D' does not produce tea. c) Country 'E' has expertise in water engineering and agriculture. Country 'F' has expertise in metro-making.
Act p04 Trade(1) $Will trade take place between A and B in condition (a)?$
Act p04 Trade(2) $Will trade take place between C and D in condition (b)?$
Act p04 Trade(3) $If trade occurs between A and B in condition (a), what does it tell you about the conditions of the countries in terms of their economy?$
Act p04 Trade(4) $If trade occurs between C and D in (b), what does it tell you about the climate of the countries?$
Act p04 Trade(5) $Considering that trade occurs between two countries in condition (c), what does it tell you about the human resources of the countries?$
Act p04 Trade(6) $Make a list of factors which affect the trade between any two countries.$
See the following two tables and answer the questions that follow : TABLE 1 : Direct Contribution of Travel and Tourism to GDP of some regions (%) (2018)
Region %
Maldives 38.92
British Virgin Islands 32.96
Macao 28.01
Aruba 27.64
Seychelles 25.73
TABLE 2 : People engaged in tourism in some regions (%) (2018)
Region %
Aruba 29.91
St. Lucia 27.29
The Bahamas 26.49
Macao 26.48
Seychelles 25.35
Source: World Bank data
Act p06 Tour(1) $What do the tables show?$
Act p06 Tour(2) $Are the countries shown in the tables same?$
Act p06 Tour(3) $Can you tell why contribution of tourism is high in these countries in terms of GDP and employment?$
Act p06 Tour(4) $Write a concluding paragraph on factors affecting tourism as an occupation in a country.$

Region	%
Maldives	38.92
British Virgin Islands	32.96
Macao	28.01
Aruba	27.64
Seychelles	25.73

Region	%
Aruba	29.91
St. Lucia	27.29
The Bahamas	26.49
Macao	26.48
Seychelles	25.35

Act p08 T6.4

Draw a suitable graph for the information given in table 6.4 and write a paragraph interpreting the data. Table 6.4 : Contribution of various sectors in the national income (%) Country Primary 2018 Secondary 2018 Tertiary 2018 Denmark 1.0 34.0 65.0 India 14.0 30.0 56.0 Kenya 34.0 23.3 42.7 New Zealand 7.0 27.4 65.6 Russia Federation 3.0 43.0 54.0 Tajikistan 21.0 37.2 41.8 Tanzania 29.0 33.1 37.9 Uganda 24.0 28.4 47.6 United Kingdom 1.0 28.5 70.5 U.S.A 1.0 21.6 77.4

In fig. 6.6, five hypothetical countries and some information about their conditions is given. Study them carefully and answer the following questions :
Act p09 F6.6(1) $Which tertiary activities will take place here?$
Act p09 F6.6(2) $Considering the location of country 'E', how will it carry out the trade with other countries?$
Act p09 F6.6(3) $Write in your own words the effect of geographical factors on human economic activities in these countries.$

Country	Primary 2018	Secondary 2018	Tertiary 2018
Denmark	1.0	34.0	65.0
India	14.0	30.0	56.0
Kenya	34.0	23.3	42.7
New Zealand	7.0	27.4	65.6
Russia Federation	3.0	43.0	54.0
Tajikistan	21.0	37.2	41.8
Tanzania	29.0	33.1	37.9
Uganda	24.0	28.4	47.6
United Kingdom	1.0	28.5	70.5
U.S.A	1.0	21.6	77.4

Exercise

26 q

Ex Q1 $Complete the chain. A B C 1) Matheran Tea Communication 2) GPS Atlantic Ocean Tertiary Activity 3) Sri Lanka Satellite Export 4) Panama Canal Tourism Pacific Ocean$
Choose the correct option :
Ex Q2(1) $Tertiary activities include :$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Ex Q2(2) $Natural Ports :$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Ex Q2(3) $Trans-Australian Railway connects$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Give geographical reasons :
Ex Q3(1) $Tertiary activities include both services and exchange.$
Ex Q3(2) $The proportion of airways as means of transportation is increasing.$
Ex Q3(3) $Geographical diversity is responsible for trade to occur.$
Short notes :
Ex Q4(1) $Importance of satellites as means of communication.$
Ex Q4(2) $Role of transportation in trade.$
Ex Q4(3) $Tourism and GDP.$
Differentiate between :
Ex Q5(1) $Secondary economic activities and Tertiary economic activities.$
Ex Q5(2) $Quaternary and Quinary activities$
Ex Q5(3) $Waterways and Airways$
Answer in detail :
Ex Q6(1) $Explain the factors affecting trade between two countries.$
Ex Q6(2) $Development of transportation is dependent on geographical factors. Explain.$
Ex Q6(3) $Why is transportation system important in the development of any nation?$
Ex Q6(4) $Tertiary activities are expanding day-by-day. Explain the statement.$
On an outline map of the world, show the following with the help of suitable index :
Ex Q7(1) $A canal bringing radical change in sea transport.$
Ex Q7(2) $Railway connecting two continents.$
Ex Q7(3) $An international airport in India.$
Ex Q7(4) $An important port in India.$
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow : Careful planning and implementation is necessary for economic development of any country. In the tourism sector the need for planned development is of great importance. It involves many industries working together in a complex way and needs special attention. Planning basically tries to allot limited resources between various competitors with a view to maximize output, income and employment and to make sure different sectors have fair growth. Tourism planning is a process through which the set goals can be achieved and the various choices linked to tourism development can be addressed. It is a long term and constant process of preparing, upgrading and improving a destination for tourist. Communities are the basic elements of tourism. It mainly depends upon the level of acceptance shown by local communities. In the process of planning their involvement is essential. The development of tourism creates impact on mainly environment, socio-culture and economy of the host community at any destination. These impacts produce both negative as well as positive impacts. Planning is necessary to reduce the negative impact and boost the positive impact for sustainable development of a destination.
Ex Q8(1) $Why does the tourism sector need planning?$
Ex Q8(2) $What is the importance of communities in planning?$
Ex Q8(3) $Explain any two benefits of planning.$
Ex Q8(4) $What factors affect the economy of the host community?$
Ex Q8(5) $Why is planning a long term task?$

A	B	C
1) Matheran	Tea	Communication
2) GPS	Atlantic Ocean	Tertiary Activity
3) Sri Lanka	Satellite	Export
4) Panama Canal	Tourism	Pacific Ocean

What the board has asked from this chapter

Questions per paper · 3 papers · 2024 to 2026

June 2026

8 q

Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C' :

S.No.	'A'	'B'	'C'
(1)	Migration	(a) Meat Processing	(h) Cottage Industry
(2)	Urban problem	(b) Communication	(i) Milk processing
(3)	Pastoral based industries	(c) Pulp processing	(j) Transportation
(4)	Tertiary economic activity	(d) Increase in slums	(k) Climatology
(5)	Physical Geography	(e) Geomorphology	(l) Forced
		(f) Voluntary	(m) Crime

Q1(A)(4)

Tertiary economic activity

Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities

Choose the correct option by identifying the correct co-relation between Assertion and Reason. A : Assertion R : Reason
Q1(B)(4) $A : Transportation is a secondary economic activity. R : Transportation plays very important role in the development of secondary activities.$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Do as directed :
Q1(C)(4) $Identify the tertiary activity - (a) Hunting (b) Agriculture (c) Trade (d) Cotton textile industry$
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
State whether the following statements are True or False :
Q1(D)(4) $Broken coastlines are unfavourable for the ports.$
Transportation and Communication
Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :
Q2(5) $Panama Canal is known as the gateway to the Pacific.$
Transportation and Communication
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Mumbai to London airway.$
Transportation and Communication
Write short notes on (Any THREE) :
Q5(3) $Water transportation.$
Transportation and Communication
Draw neat, labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :
Q6(B)(3) $Classification of Trade and Commerce as a Tertiary economic activity.$
Trade and Its Geographical Factors

March 2026

7 q

Choose the correct option and complete the sentences :
Q1(B)(1) $Tertiary activities include -$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Answer the following questions as per given instructions :
Q1(C)(2) $Identify the incorrect factor - (a) Research (b) Training (c) Hunting (d) Teaching$
Quaternary and Quinary Activities
Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :
Q2(6) $Geographical diversity is responsible for trade to occur.$
Trade and Its Geographical Factors
Differentiate between (Any THREE) :
Q3(3) $Waterways and Airways$
Transportation and Communication
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(7) $Major port in South Africa - Capetown$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(A)(8) $Trans Australian Railway - route$
Transportation and Communication
Write notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(4) $Means of communication$
Transportation and Communication

June 2025

6 q

Choose the correct option and complete the sentences.
Q1(B)(5) $Tertiary Economic Activities :$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
True or False :
Q1(C)(2) $Tertiary occupations are non productive.$
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(5) $London to New York Airway$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(A)(6) $Suez Canal$
Transportation and Communication
Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(3) $Importance of artificial satellites as means of communication.$
Transportation and Communication
Draw neat, labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :
Q6(B)(2) $Classification of tertiary economic activity - communication.$
Transportation and Communication

March 2025

5 q

Identify the correct co-relation in the given statements and write : A : Assertion R : Reasoning
Q1(C)(3) $A : In tertiary occupation, there is no derivation from the nature. R : It provides only services so it is known as service sector$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Cape of Good Hope waterways$
Transportation and Communication
Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(4) $Role of transportation in industries.$
Transportation and Communication
Q5(5) $Importance of satellites as means of communication.$
Transportation and Communication
Answer the following questions in detail (Any ONE) :
Q7(2) $Explain the factors affecting trade.$
Trade and Its Geographical Factors

June 2024

9 q

Identify whether the following statements are true or false :
Q1(D)(4) $Tertiary activities include only services.$
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :
Q2(5) $The use of airways as means of transportation is increasing.$
Transportation and Communication
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Canal connecting Asia, Europe and Africa continents.$
Transportation and Communication
Read the following map and answer the questions given below : The map is titled 'World - Major transportation routes'. Its index marks Canal, Sea port / Harbour, Airport, Railway terminal, Water ways, Airways and Railways. Places named on it include, in North America: Vancouver, Montreal, Halifax, Boston, New York, Washington DC, San Francisco, Los Angeles, New Orleans, Houston and Panama; in South America: Callo, Suape, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires and Valaparaiso; in Europe: London, Kiel, Hamburg, Antwerp, Moscow, Rome, Istanbul and Gibraltar; in Africa: Suez, Johannesburg and Cape of Good hope; in Asia: Dubai, Karachi, Delhi, Mumbai, Kochi, Colombo, Bangkok, Singapore, Klang, Hongkong, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Grand canal, Seoul, Tokyo, Yokohama, Vladivostok, Khabarovsk, Novosibisk and Ulan-Ude; and in Australia: Perth, Adelaide, Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne and Auckland. A railway line runs across Asia from Moscow through Novosibisk and Ulan-Ude to Khabarovsk and Vladivostok. Antarctica is shown but carries no route or symbol of any kind.
Q4(B)(1) $Which is the major international airport in the Europe?$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(B)(2) $Which rail route connects two continents in the given map?$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(B)(3) $Which continent does not have any permanent means of transportation?$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(B)(4) $Which canal connects Pacific ocean and Atlantic ocean?$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(B)(5) $Name the international airport in Africa.$
Transportation and Communication
Write short notes on (Any THREE) :
Q5(3) $Means of communication and their importance.$
Transportation and Communication

March 2024

8 q

Complete the chain and rewrite in your answer paper :

No.	'A'	'B'	'C'
(1)	Consumer goods	(e) Atlantic ocean	(m) Pharmaceutical product
(2)	Panama canal	(f) Fertile region	(n) Ecological balance
(3)	Plain	(g) Ready for direct consumption	(o) Development of Agriculture
(4)	Food chain	(h) Short term	(p) Pacific ocean
(5)	Migration	(i) Ecosystem	(r) Arabian sea
		(j) Indian ocean	(s) Long term

Q1(A)(2)

Panama canal

Transportation and Communication

Write True or False :
Q1(B)(4) $Bilateral trade and multilateral trade are the main types of international trade.$
Trade and Its Geographical Factors
Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :
Q2(5) $Tertiary economic activities include both services and exchange.$
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Differentiate between (Any THREE) :
Q3(4) $Waterways and Airways.$
Transportation and Communication
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $A canal bringing radical change in sea transport - Suez canal.$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(A)(7) $An International Airport in India - Mumbai.$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(A)(8) $Panama Strait.$
Transportation and Communication
Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(3) $Role of transportation in trade$
Trade and Its Geographical Factors

The 10 board questions to practise first

The questions and kinds of question the board asked most often come first. Each one says how often and when.

Question 1
This type asked 4 times: Mar 2024, Jun 2024, Mar 2025, Jun 2025. This one: Jun 2025 See all 4 of this type
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Suez Canal$
Question 2
Asked 3 times: Jun 2025*, Mar 2026*, Jun 2026 (* = numbers or wording changed that year) See all 3 times it was asked
Do as directed :
Q1(C)(4) $Identify the tertiary activity - (a) Hunting (b) Agriculture (c) Trade (d) Cotton textile industry$
Question 3
Asked 2 times: Mar 2024, Mar 2026 See all 2 times it was asked
Differentiate between (Any THREE) :
Q3(3) $Waterways and Airways$
Question 4
Asked 2 times: Jun 2024, Mar 2026 See all 2 times it was asked
Write notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(4) $Means of communication$
Question 5
Asked 2 times: Mar 2025, Jun 2025 See all 2 times it was asked
Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(3) $Importance of artificial satellites as means of communication.$
Question 6
This type asked 2 times: Jun 2025, Jun 2026. This one: Jun 2026 See all 2 of this type
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Mumbai to London airway.$
Question 7
This type asked 2 times: Jun 2025, Jun 2026. This one: Jun 2026 See all 2 of this type
Draw neat, labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :
Q6(B)(3) $Classification of Trade and Commerce as a Tertiary economic activity.$
Question 8
This type asked 2 times: Mar 2024, Mar 2025. This one: Mar 2025 See all 2 of this type
Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(4) $Role of transportation in industries.$
Question 9
Asked once: Mar 2025 (same type asked 4 times) See all 4 of this type
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Cape of Good Hope waterways$
Question 10
Asked once: Jun 2025 (same type asked 2 times) See all 2 of this type
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(5) $London to New York Airway$

Quick revision

7 most-asked questions · 10 key points · 9 derivations · 3 diagrams

Checked against Balbharati Geography Std XII (Maharashtra State Board), Chapter 6.

Most asked in board papers

1
World transport map: ports, sea routes, airways, international airports, railway connecting two continents
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
2
What tertiary activities are: services and exchange, no derivation from nature, identify one
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
3
Suez and Panama Canals: which oceans and continents they connect
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
4
Transport: waterways and airways, rise of airways, ports, role in trade and industry
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
5
Means of communication and the importance of satellites
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
6
Trade: factors affecting it, geographical diversity, bilateral and multilateral trade
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
7
Classification of tertiary activities (trade and commerce, communication) and quaternary activities
Asked 2 times: 2026, 2025

Must-know points

Tertiary activities: Activities that act as the link between primary and secondary activities and are complementary to both, mostly services you pay for: buying and selling goods, transport, communication, loading and unloading, credit, marketing, import and export, public services, shopkeepers, postal services.
Service sector: In tertiary occupations there is no derivation from nature, as in primary activities. There may be some products, as in secondary activities, but they are offered in the form of services. So these occupations are also called the service sector.
Geography controls tertiary activities: Climate, topography, nearness to the sea or continental location affect tertiary activities. Markets always occur near settlements; loading and unloading happens at ports and dockyards near water or air transport; grapes go by air, cotton by water.
Transportation: A service or facility through which passengers, freight and industrial products are carried from one place to another. One of the basic tertiary activities: development of all economic activities depends on it. Means are grouped by medium into land, water and air.
Suez and Panama Canals: Built to avoid long ocean routes, they changed the use of ocean routes radically. Suez Canal connected Asia with Europe and Africa. Panama Canal joined the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
Trade: The voluntary exchange of goods and services between two or more parties. Barter (exchange of goods only) was its first form. Bilateral and multilateral trades are the major types of international trade; trade also occurs within a country.
International trade: A result of specialisation in production and human resources. It occurs when it is mutually beneficial to the trading partners and a comparative advantage for both, rather than producing in their own countries.
Tourism: An important tertiary activity, grown with advanced transport and infrastructure; a major share of GDP and jobs in island countries (Maldives). Physical factors: site and situation, climate, relief, altitude, biodiversity, accessibility, water. Human: transport, lodging and boarding, cultural diversity, government policies, political conditions.
Communication and satellites: Means by which man conveys what he wants to say, from coloured smoke and messengers to telephone, mobile, internet and satellites. This is the era of information; communication is used for regional development on a large scale.
Quaternary and quinary activities: Quaternary: the task is to think, research and develop ideas: education, information, research and development (teachers, software developers, accountants). Quinary: administrative work with the highest level decision-making or policy-making (senior executives, government officials, scientists, judges).

Derivations

Try each one first, then open its outline.

Give reasons: tertiary activities include both services and exchange

They link primary and secondary activities: goods produced must be bought, sold, transported, loaded, marketed, imported and exported. This is exchange (trade).
They also provide services that are paid for: transport, communication, banking, insurance, postal and public services, tourism. So they include both.

Explain the factors affecting trade between two countries (geographical diversity causes trade)

Difference in natural resources: soil, minerals, forests, water are unevenly distributed; Gulf countries export oil and import grains.
Climate: snow-covered countries export meat and wool; tropical ones export bananas, rice, cocoa, tea, coffee (Sri Lanka's tea goes to the UK).
Population: size, distribution, diversity and standard of living set demand; Asian expertise in IT. Culture: Chinese porcelain, Iranian carpets, Kashmiri shawls.
Economic cost (import when cheaper than producing), specialisation (Israel's dry farming) and government policies (free trade, good relations).

Development of transportation is dependent on geographical factors. Explain.

Relief, location and climate are the three major physical factors. Rails, roads and pipelines are easier where relief is not rugged.
Dense forests, hills and mountains hinder long routes, as in the forests and arid regions of Africa and South America.
Coastal locations, especially broken coastlines, favour ports and harbours. Airways need favourable climate, advanced technology and plain land; fog, smog and high peaks obstruct them.

Role of transportation in trade and in industries

Carries raw materials to industries and finished goods to markets; development of all economic activities depends on it.
The mode suits the goods: perishable grapes or flowers by air, bulky cotton by water. Ports, sea and air transport carry trade; major trade still goes by ocean routes.

Give reasons: the use of airways as a means of transport is increasing

With development of technology, air transport is now used more: it is the fastest means.
Perishable and high-value goods (grapes, export flowers to the Gulf within an hour or two) stay fresh, so trade and tourism use it more.

Differentiate between waterways and airways

Waterways: cheap, slow; carry bulky goods (cotton) and most of world trade over ocean routes; need ports, best on broken coastlines.
Airways: fast, costly; carry passengers and light, perishable or high-value goods; need favourable climate, plain land for airports and advanced technology; fog and high peaks hinder.

Importance of satellites as means of communication

Satellites work for communications day and night (telephone, TV, internet).
They give information on physical and human factors: daily weather, cyclones, movements of the earth, mineral reserves, latitude and longitude of a place.
They help regional development on a large scale.

Differentiate between secondary and tertiary economic activities

Secondary: process products of primary activities into durable, valuable goods; depend on primary activities; e.g. manufacturing.
Tertiary: no derivation from nature; provide services and exchange that link primary and secondary; e.g. trade, transport, communication.

Differentiate between quaternary and quinary activities

Quaternary: think, research and develop ideas; education, information, research and development; e.g. teachers, software developers.
Quinary: administrative work; highest level decision-making or policy-making; e.g. senior executives, government officials, judges.

Diagrams to practise

World map: transport routes (Fig. 6.2; exercise Q. 7): label Suez Canal (links Asia with Europe and Africa) · Panama Canal (Pacific to Atlantic Ocean) · a railway connecting two continents · Trans-Australian Railway (Perth to Sydney) · an international airport in India (Mumbai) · an important port in India, with a suitable index
Classification of tertiary economic activities (Fig. 6.1): label trade and commerce: wholesale, retail · transportation: rail, road, waterways, airways, pipeline · communication: postal, telecom, audio-visual, internet · other services: tourism, insurance, banking, real estate
Levels of economic activities (Fig. 6.5): label primary: production of raw materials · secondary: transformation of raw materials into goods · tertiary: services to consumers and businesses · quaternary: research, training, teaching · quinary: decision taking and policy making

Mistakes that cost marks

Calling transportation a secondary activity

Transportation is a basic tertiary activity. It plays a very important role in developing secondary activities, but that does not make it secondary.

Saying tertiary activities are only services or non-productive

They include both services and exchange (trade), and some products are offered in the form of services. Correct such statements; do not agree with them.

Thinking broken coastlines are bad for ports

Broken coastlines are favourable for ports and harbours; that is why not all coastal areas make good ports.

Swapping the two canals

Suez: Asia with Europe and Africa. Panama: Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Both were built to avoid long ocean routes.

Misplacing activities by level

Hunting is primary. Research, training and teaching are quaternary. Decision taking and policy making are quinary.

Ebooks Tutor

Geography · Textbook solutions

Tertiary Economic Activities

Every textbook question in book order, plus the board's past questions. · 44 questions

Chapter activities

18 q

Try this / Can you tell? / Use your brain power!

Practice · 18

Act p01 UBP(1) $Do tertiary activities involve only services?$
Act p01 UBP(2) $Can there be products in tertiary activities? Make a list of such products.$
In figure 6.1 many economic activities included in tertiary occupations are listed.
Act p01 CYT $Classify the economic activities listed in fig. 6.1 into two categories: activities dependent on geographical factors, and activities not dependent on geographical factors.$
Act p02 CYT $Make a list of things you use in your daily life, divide the activities through which they have been obtained into primary, secondary and tertiary, and say whether your list contains any product not derived by any of these activities.$
Consider the following conditions a, b and c and answer the questions that follow : a) There are two countries 'A' and 'B'. 'A' produces 500 tonnes of wheat by employing 200 labourers. 'B' produces 1,000 tonnes of wheat by employing 300 labourers. b) Country 'C' produces 300 kg of tea and 'D' produces 500 kg of coffee. 'C' does not produce coffee and 'D' does not produce tea. c) Country 'E' has expertise in water engineering and agriculture. Country 'F' has expertise in metro-making.
Act p04 Trade(1) $Will trade take place between A and B in condition (a)?$
Act p04 Trade(2) $Will trade take place between C and D in condition (b)?$
Act p04 Trade(3) $If trade occurs between A and B in condition (a), what does it tell you about the conditions of the countries in terms of their economy?$
Act p04 Trade(4) $If trade occurs between C and D in (b), what does it tell you about the climate of the countries?$
Act p04 Trade(5) $Considering that trade occurs between two countries in condition (c), what does it tell you about the human resources of the countries?$
Act p04 Trade(6) $Make a list of factors which affect the trade between any two countries.$
See the following two tables and answer the questions that follow : TABLE 1 : Direct Contribution of Travel and Tourism to GDP of some regions (%) (2018)
Region %
Maldives 38.92
British Virgin Islands 32.96
Macao 28.01
Aruba 27.64
Seychelles 25.73
TABLE 2 : People engaged in tourism in some regions (%) (2018)
Region %
Aruba 29.91
St. Lucia 27.29
The Bahamas 26.49
Macao 26.48
Seychelles 25.35
Source: World Bank data
Act p06 Tour(1) $What do the tables show?$
Act p06 Tour(2) $Are the countries shown in the tables same?$
Act p06 Tour(3) $Can you tell why contribution of tourism is high in these countries in terms of GDP and employment?$
Act p06 Tour(4) $Write a concluding paragraph on factors affecting tourism as an occupation in a country.$

Region	%
Maldives	38.92
British Virgin Islands	32.96
Macao	28.01
Aruba	27.64
Seychelles	25.73

Region	%
Aruba	29.91
St. Lucia	27.29
The Bahamas	26.49
Macao	26.48
Seychelles	25.35

Act p08 T6.4

Draw a suitable graph for the information given in table 6.4 and write a paragraph interpreting the data. Table 6.4 : Contribution of various sectors in the national income (%) Country Primary 2018 Secondary 2018 Tertiary 2018 Denmark 1.0 34.0 65.0 India 14.0 30.0 56.0 Kenya 34.0 23.3 42.7 New Zealand 7.0 27.4 65.6 Russia Federation 3.0 43.0 54.0 Tajikistan 21.0 37.2 41.8 Tanzania 29.0 33.1 37.9 Uganda 24.0 28.4 47.6 United Kingdom 1.0 28.5 70.5 U.S.A 1.0 21.6 77.4

In fig. 6.6, five hypothetical countries and some information about their conditions is given. Study them carefully and answer the following questions :
Act p09 F6.6(1) $Which tertiary activities will take place here?$
Act p09 F6.6(2) $Considering the location of country 'E', how will it carry out the trade with other countries?$
Act p09 F6.6(3) $Write in your own words the effect of geographical factors on human economic activities in these countries.$

Country	Primary 2018	Secondary 2018	Tertiary 2018
Denmark	1.0	34.0	65.0
India	14.0	30.0	56.0
Kenya	34.0	23.3	42.7
New Zealand	7.0	27.4	65.6
Russia Federation	3.0	43.0	54.0
Tajikistan	21.0	37.2	41.8
Tanzania	29.0	33.1	37.9
Uganda	24.0	28.4	47.6
United Kingdom	1.0	28.5	70.5
U.S.A	1.0	21.6	77.4

Exercise

26 q

Ex Q1 $Complete the chain. A B C 1) Matheran Tea Communication 2) GPS Atlantic Ocean Tertiary Activity 3) Sri Lanka Satellite Export 4) Panama Canal Tourism Pacific Ocean$
Choose the correct option :
Ex Q2(1) $Tertiary activities include :$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Ex Q2(2) $Natural Ports :$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Ex Q2(3) $Trans-Australian Railway connects$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Give geographical reasons :
Ex Q3(1) $Tertiary activities include both services and exchange.$
Ex Q3(2) $The proportion of airways as means of transportation is increasing.$
Ex Q3(3) $Geographical diversity is responsible for trade to occur.$
Short notes :
Ex Q4(1) $Importance of satellites as means of communication.$
Ex Q4(2) $Role of transportation in trade.$
Ex Q4(3) $Tourism and GDP.$
Differentiate between :
Ex Q5(1) $Secondary economic activities and Tertiary economic activities.$
Ex Q5(2) $Quaternary and Quinary activities$
Ex Q5(3) $Waterways and Airways$
Answer in detail :
Ex Q6(1) $Explain the factors affecting trade between two countries.$
Ex Q6(2) $Development of transportation is dependent on geographical factors. Explain.$
Ex Q6(3) $Why is transportation system important in the development of any nation?$
Ex Q6(4) $Tertiary activities are expanding day-by-day. Explain the statement.$
On an outline map of the world, show the following with the help of suitable index :
Ex Q7(1) $A canal bringing radical change in sea transport.$
Ex Q7(2) $Railway connecting two continents.$
Ex Q7(3) $An international airport in India.$
Ex Q7(4) $An important port in India.$
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow : Careful planning and implementation is necessary for economic development of any country. In the tourism sector the need for planned development is of great importance. It involves many industries working together in a complex way and needs special attention. Planning basically tries to allot limited resources between various competitors with a view to maximize output, income and employment and to make sure different sectors have fair growth. Tourism planning is a process through which the set goals can be achieved and the various choices linked to tourism development can be addressed. It is a long term and constant process of preparing, upgrading and improving a destination for tourist. Communities are the basic elements of tourism. It mainly depends upon the level of acceptance shown by local communities. In the process of planning their involvement is essential. The development of tourism creates impact on mainly environment, socio-culture and economy of the host community at any destination. These impacts produce both negative as well as positive impacts. Planning is necessary to reduce the negative impact and boost the positive impact for sustainable development of a destination.
Ex Q8(1) $Why does the tourism sector need planning?$
Ex Q8(2) $What is the importance of communities in planning?$
Ex Q8(3) $Explain any two benefits of planning.$
Ex Q8(4) $What factors affect the economy of the host community?$
Ex Q8(5) $Why is planning a long term task?$

A	B	C
1) Matheran	Tea	Communication
2) GPS	Atlantic Ocean	Tertiary Activity
3) Sri Lanka	Satellite	Export
4) Panama Canal	Tourism	Pacific Ocean

What the board has asked from this chapter

Questions per paper · 3 papers · 2024 to 2026

June 2026

8 q

Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C' :

S.No.	'A'	'B'	'C'
(1)	Migration	(a) Meat Processing	(h) Cottage Industry
(2)	Urban problem	(b) Communication	(i) Milk processing
(3)	Pastoral based industries	(c) Pulp processing	(j) Transportation
(4)	Tertiary economic activity	(d) Increase in slums	(k) Climatology
(5)	Physical Geography	(e) Geomorphology	(l) Forced
		(f) Voluntary	(m) Crime

Q1(A)(4)

Tertiary economic activity

Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities

Choose the correct option by identifying the correct co-relation between Assertion and Reason. A : Assertion R : Reason
Q1(B)(4) $A : Transportation is a secondary economic activity. R : Transportation plays very important role in the development of secondary activities.$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Do as directed :
Q1(C)(4) $Identify the tertiary activity - (a) Hunting (b) Agriculture (c) Trade (d) Cotton textile industry$
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
State whether the following statements are True or False :
Q1(D)(4) $Broken coastlines are unfavourable for the ports.$
Transportation and Communication
Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :
Q2(5) $Panama Canal is known as the gateway to the Pacific.$
Transportation and Communication
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Mumbai to London airway.$
Transportation and Communication
Write short notes on (Any THREE) :
Q5(3) $Water transportation.$
Transportation and Communication
Draw neat, labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :
Q6(B)(3) $Classification of Trade and Commerce as a Tertiary economic activity.$
Trade and Its Geographical Factors

March 2026

7 q

Choose the correct option and complete the sentences :
Q1(B)(1) $Tertiary activities include -$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Answer the following questions as per given instructions :
Q1(C)(2) $Identify the incorrect factor - (a) Research (b) Training (c) Hunting (d) Teaching$
Quaternary and Quinary Activities
Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :
Q2(6) $Geographical diversity is responsible for trade to occur.$
Trade and Its Geographical Factors
Differentiate between (Any THREE) :
Q3(3) $Waterways and Airways$
Transportation and Communication
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(7) $Major port in South Africa - Capetown$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(A)(8) $Trans Australian Railway - route$
Transportation and Communication
Write notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(4) $Means of communication$
Transportation and Communication

June 2025

6 q

Choose the correct option and complete the sentences.
Q1(B)(5) $Tertiary Economic Activities :$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
True or False :
Q1(C)(2) $Tertiary occupations are non productive.$
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(5) $London to New York Airway$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(A)(6) $Suez Canal$
Transportation and Communication
Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(3) $Importance of artificial satellites as means of communication.$
Transportation and Communication
Draw neat, labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :
Q6(B)(2) $Classification of tertiary economic activity - communication.$
Transportation and Communication

March 2025

5 q

Identify the correct co-relation in the given statements and write : A : Assertion R : Reasoning
Q1(C)(3) $A : In tertiary occupation, there is no derivation from the nature. R : It provides only services so it is known as service sector$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Cape of Good Hope waterways$
Transportation and Communication
Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(4) $Role of transportation in industries.$
Transportation and Communication
Q5(5) $Importance of satellites as means of communication.$
Transportation and Communication
Answer the following questions in detail (Any ONE) :
Q7(2) $Explain the factors affecting trade.$
Trade and Its Geographical Factors

June 2024

9 q

Identify whether the following statements are true or false :
Q1(D)(4) $Tertiary activities include only services.$
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :
Q2(5) $The use of airways as means of transportation is increasing.$
Transportation and Communication
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Canal connecting Asia, Europe and Africa continents.$
Transportation and Communication
Read the following map and answer the questions given below : The map is titled 'World - Major transportation routes'. Its index marks Canal, Sea port / Harbour, Airport, Railway terminal, Water ways, Airways and Railways. Places named on it include, in North America: Vancouver, Montreal, Halifax, Boston, New York, Washington DC, San Francisco, Los Angeles, New Orleans, Houston and Panama; in South America: Callo, Suape, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires and Valaparaiso; in Europe: London, Kiel, Hamburg, Antwerp, Moscow, Rome, Istanbul and Gibraltar; in Africa: Suez, Johannesburg and Cape of Good hope; in Asia: Dubai, Karachi, Delhi, Mumbai, Kochi, Colombo, Bangkok, Singapore, Klang, Hongkong, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Grand canal, Seoul, Tokyo, Yokohama, Vladivostok, Khabarovsk, Novosibisk and Ulan-Ude; and in Australia: Perth, Adelaide, Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne and Auckland. A railway line runs across Asia from Moscow through Novosibisk and Ulan-Ude to Khabarovsk and Vladivostok. Antarctica is shown but carries no route or symbol of any kind.
Q4(B)(1) $Which is the major international airport in the Europe?$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(B)(2) $Which rail route connects two continents in the given map?$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(B)(3) $Which continent does not have any permanent means of transportation?$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(B)(4) $Which canal connects Pacific ocean and Atlantic ocean?$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(B)(5) $Name the international airport in Africa.$
Transportation and Communication
Write short notes on (Any THREE) :
Q5(3) $Means of communication and their importance.$
Transportation and Communication

March 2024

8 q

Complete the chain and rewrite in your answer paper :

No.	'A'	'B'	'C'
(1)	Consumer goods	(e) Atlantic ocean	(m) Pharmaceutical product
(2)	Panama canal	(f) Fertile region	(n) Ecological balance
(3)	Plain	(g) Ready for direct consumption	(o) Development of Agriculture
(4)	Food chain	(h) Short term	(p) Pacific ocean
(5)	Migration	(i) Ecosystem	(r) Arabian sea
		(j) Indian ocean	(s) Long term

Q1(A)(2)

Panama canal

Transportation and Communication

Write True or False :
Q1(B)(4) $Bilateral trade and multilateral trade are the main types of international trade.$
Trade and Its Geographical Factors
Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :
Q2(5) $Tertiary economic activities include both services and exchange.$
Nature of Tertiary Economic Activities
Differentiate between (Any THREE) :
Q3(4) $Waterways and Airways.$
Transportation and Communication
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $A canal bringing radical change in sea transport - Suez canal.$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(A)(7) $An International Airport in India - Mumbai.$
Transportation and Communication
Q4(A)(8) $Panama Strait.$
Transportation and Communication
Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(3) $Role of transportation in trade$
Trade and Its Geographical Factors

The 10 board questions to practise first

The questions and kinds of question the board asked most often come first. Each one says how often and when.

Question 1
This type asked 4 times: Mar 2024, Jun 2024, Mar 2025, Jun 2025. This one: Jun 2025 See all 4 of this type
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Suez Canal$
Question 2
Asked 3 times: Jun 2025*, Mar 2026*, Jun 2026 (* = numbers or wording changed that year) See all 3 times it was asked
Do as directed :
Q1(C)(4) $Identify the tertiary activity - (a) Hunting (b) Agriculture (c) Trade (d) Cotton textile industry$
Question 3
Asked 2 times: Mar 2024, Mar 2026 See all 2 times it was asked
Differentiate between (Any THREE) :
Q3(3) $Waterways and Airways$
Question 4
Asked 2 times: Jun 2024, Mar 2026 See all 2 times it was asked
Write notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(4) $Means of communication$
Question 5
Asked 2 times: Mar 2025, Jun 2025 See all 2 times it was asked
Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(3) $Importance of artificial satellites as means of communication.$
Question 6
This type asked 2 times: Jun 2025, Jun 2026. This one: Jun 2026 See all 2 of this type
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Mumbai to London airway.$
Question 7
This type asked 2 times: Jun 2025, Jun 2026. This one: Jun 2026 See all 2 of this type
Draw neat, labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :
Q6(B)(3) $Classification of Trade and Commerce as a Tertiary economic activity.$
Question 8
This type asked 2 times: Mar 2024, Mar 2025. This one: Mar 2025 See all 2 of this type
Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q5(4) $Role of transportation in industries.$
Question 9
Asked once: Mar 2025 (same type asked 4 times) See all 4 of this type
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(6) $Cape of Good Hope waterways$
Question 10
Asked once: Jun 2025 (same type asked 2 times) See all 2 of this type
Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q4(A)(5) $London to New York Airway$

Quick revision

7 most-asked questions · 10 key points · 9 derivations · 3 diagrams

Checked against Balbharati Geography Std XII (Maharashtra State Board), Chapter 6.

Most asked in board papers

1
World transport map: ports, sea routes, airways, international airports, railway connecting two continents
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
2
What tertiary activities are: services and exchange, no derivation from nature, identify one
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
3
Suez and Panama Canals: which oceans and continents they connect
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
4
Transport: waterways and airways, rise of airways, ports, role in trade and industry
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
5
Means of communication and the importance of satellites
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
6
Trade: factors affecting it, geographical diversity, bilateral and multilateral trade
Asked 3 times: 2026, 2025, 2024
7
Classification of tertiary activities (trade and commerce, communication) and quaternary activities
Asked 2 times: 2026, 2025

Must-know points

Tertiary activities: Activities that act as the link between primary and secondary activities and are complementary to both, mostly services you pay for: buying and selling goods, transport, communication, loading and unloading, credit, marketing, import and export, public services, shopkeepers, postal services.
Service sector: In tertiary occupations there is no derivation from nature, as in primary activities. There may be some products, as in secondary activities, but they are offered in the form of services. So these occupations are also called the service sector.
Geography controls tertiary activities: Climate, topography, nearness to the sea or continental location affect tertiary activities. Markets always occur near settlements; loading and unloading happens at ports and dockyards near water or air transport; grapes go by air, cotton by water.
Transportation: A service or facility through which passengers, freight and industrial products are carried from one place to another. One of the basic tertiary activities: development of all economic activities depends on it. Means are grouped by medium into land, water and air.
Suez and Panama Canals: Built to avoid long ocean routes, they changed the use of ocean routes radically. Suez Canal connected Asia with Europe and Africa. Panama Canal joined the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
Trade: The voluntary exchange of goods and services between two or more parties. Barter (exchange of goods only) was its first form. Bilateral and multilateral trades are the major types of international trade; trade also occurs within a country.
International trade: A result of specialisation in production and human resources. It occurs when it is mutually beneficial to the trading partners and a comparative advantage for both, rather than producing in their own countries.
Tourism: An important tertiary activity, grown with advanced transport and infrastructure; a major share of GDP and jobs in island countries (Maldives). Physical factors: site and situation, climate, relief, altitude, biodiversity, accessibility, water. Human: transport, lodging and boarding, cultural diversity, government policies, political conditions.
Communication and satellites: Means by which man conveys what he wants to say, from coloured smoke and messengers to telephone, mobile, internet and satellites. This is the era of information; communication is used for regional development on a large scale.
Quaternary and quinary activities: Quaternary: the task is to think, research and develop ideas: education, information, research and development (teachers, software developers, accountants). Quinary: administrative work with the highest level decision-making or policy-making (senior executives, government officials, scientists, judges).

Derivations

Try each one first, then open its outline.

Give reasons: tertiary activities include both services and exchange

They link primary and secondary activities: goods produced must be bought, sold, transported, loaded, marketed, imported and exported. This is exchange (trade).
They also provide services that are paid for: transport, communication, banking, insurance, postal and public services, tourism. So they include both.

Explain the factors affecting trade between two countries (geographical diversity causes trade)

Difference in natural resources: soil, minerals, forests, water are unevenly distributed; Gulf countries export oil and import grains.
Climate: snow-covered countries export meat and wool; tropical ones export bananas, rice, cocoa, tea, coffee (Sri Lanka's tea goes to the UK).
Population: size, distribution, diversity and standard of living set demand; Asian expertise in IT. Culture: Chinese porcelain, Iranian carpets, Kashmiri shawls.
Economic cost (import when cheaper than producing), specialisation (Israel's dry farming) and government policies (free trade, good relations).

Development of transportation is dependent on geographical factors. Explain.

Relief, location and climate are the three major physical factors. Rails, roads and pipelines are easier where relief is not rugged.
Dense forests, hills and mountains hinder long routes, as in the forests and arid regions of Africa and South America.
Coastal locations, especially broken coastlines, favour ports and harbours. Airways need favourable climate, advanced technology and plain land; fog, smog and high peaks obstruct them.

Role of transportation in trade and in industries

Carries raw materials to industries and finished goods to markets; development of all economic activities depends on it.
The mode suits the goods: perishable grapes or flowers by air, bulky cotton by water. Ports, sea and air transport carry trade; major trade still goes by ocean routes.

Give reasons: the use of airways as a means of transport is increasing

With development of technology, air transport is now used more: it is the fastest means.
Perishable and high-value goods (grapes, export flowers to the Gulf within an hour or two) stay fresh, so trade and tourism use it more.

Differentiate between waterways and airways

Waterways: cheap, slow; carry bulky goods (cotton) and most of world trade over ocean routes; need ports, best on broken coastlines.
Airways: fast, costly; carry passengers and light, perishable or high-value goods; need favourable climate, plain land for airports and advanced technology; fog and high peaks hinder.

Importance of satellites as means of communication

Satellites work for communications day and night (telephone, TV, internet).
They give information on physical and human factors: daily weather, cyclones, movements of the earth, mineral reserves, latitude and longitude of a place.
They help regional development on a large scale.

Differentiate between secondary and tertiary economic activities

Secondary: process products of primary activities into durable, valuable goods; depend on primary activities; e.g. manufacturing.
Tertiary: no derivation from nature; provide services and exchange that link primary and secondary; e.g. trade, transport, communication.

Differentiate between quaternary and quinary activities

Quaternary: think, research and develop ideas; education, information, research and development; e.g. teachers, software developers.
Quinary: administrative work; highest level decision-making or policy-making; e.g. senior executives, government officials, judges.

Diagrams to practise

World map: transport routes (Fig. 6.2; exercise Q. 7): label Suez Canal (links Asia with Europe and Africa) · Panama Canal (Pacific to Atlantic Ocean) · a railway connecting two continents · Trans-Australian Railway (Perth to Sydney) · an international airport in India (Mumbai) · an important port in India, with a suitable index
Classification of tertiary economic activities (Fig. 6.1): label trade and commerce: wholesale, retail · transportation: rail, road, waterways, airways, pipeline · communication: postal, telecom, audio-visual, internet · other services: tourism, insurance, banking, real estate
Levels of economic activities (Fig. 6.5): label primary: production of raw materials · secondary: transformation of raw materials into goods · tertiary: services to consumers and businesses · quaternary: research, training, teaching · quinary: decision taking and policy making

Mistakes that cost marks

Calling transportation a secondary activity

Transportation is a basic tertiary activity. It plays a very important role in developing secondary activities, but that does not make it secondary.

Saying tertiary activities are only services or non-productive

They include both services and exchange (trade), and some products are offered in the form of services. Correct such statements; do not agree with them.

Thinking broken coastlines are bad for ports

Broken coastlines are favourable for ports and harbours; that is why not all coastal areas make good ports.

Swapping the two canals

Suez: Asia with Europe and Africa. Panama: Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Both were built to avoid long ocean routes.

Misplacing activities by level

Hunting is primary. Research, training and teaching are quaternary. Decision taking and policy making are quinary.

Chapter activities

Try this / Can you tell? / Use your brain power!

Exercise

What the board has asked from this chapter

June 2026

March 2026

June 2025

March 2025

June 2024

March 2024

The 10 board questions to practise first

Question 1

Question 2

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

Question 10

Most asked in board papers

Must-know points

Derivations

Diagrams to practise

Mistakes that cost marks

Chapter activities

Try this / Can you tell? / Use your brain power!

Exercise

What the board has asked from this chapter

June 2026

March 2026

June 2025

March 2025

June 2024

March 2024

The 10 board questions to practise first

Question 1

Question 2

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

Question 10

Most asked in board papers

Must-know points

Derivations

Diagrams to practise

Mistakes that cost marks