Geography · Textbook solutions

Physiography and Drainage

Every solved example, exercise, and miscellaneous question, in the order the textbook teaches them. Plus every board question asked from this chapter. · 23 questions

Exercise

23 q

Complete the sentences by choosing the right option :
Ex Q1(a) $Brazil is covered mainly by ............. .$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Ex Q1(b) $Like Brazil, India too has ................ .$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Ex Q1(c) $The Amazon Basin is mainly .......... .$
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Ex Q1(d) $Amazon is a large river in the world. Near its mouth ................................. .$
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Ex Q1(e) $The Lakshadweep Islands of Arabian Sea are ............................................. .$
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Ex Q1(f) $To the foot hills of the Aravalis ...... .$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Answer the following questions
Ex Q2(a) $Differentiate between the physiography of Brazil and India.$
Ex Q2(b) $What measures are being taken to control pollution in the rivers of India?$
Ex Q2(c) $Explain the characteristics of the North Indian Plains.$
Ex Q2(d) $What could be the reasons behind the formation of swamps in the extensive continental location of Pantanal ?$
Ex Q2(e) $Which are the major water divides of India? Explain by giving examples.$
Write notes on
Ex Q3(a) $Amazon River basin$
Ex Q3(b) $Himalayas$
Ex Q3(c) $The coasts of Brazil$
Ex Q3(d) $The Indian peninsula$
Ex Q3(e) $The Great Escarpment$
Write geographical reasons.
Ex Q4(a) $There are no west-flowing rivers in Brazil.$
Ex Q4(b) $There are dissimilarities between the eastern and western coasts of India.$
Ex Q4(c) $There are fewer natural ports on the eastern coast of India.$
Ex Q4(d) $As compared to Amazon, pollution in river Ganga will affect human life greatly.$
Identify the correct group
Ex Q5(a) $The order of physiograpic units in Brazil while going from North-West to South-East. (i) Parana River basin- Guyana Highlands- Brazilan Highlands (ii) Guyana Highlands- Amazon river basin - Brazilan Highlands (iii) Coastal Plains - Amazon river basin - Brazilan Highlands$
Ex Q5(b) $These rivers of Brazil are north-flowing (i) Juruika- Xingu- Aragua (ii) Negro-Branco-Paru (iii) Japura-Jarua-Purus$
Ex Q5(c) $The order of plateaus of India from south to north (i) Karnataka - Maharashtra - Bundelkhand (ii) Chhota Nagpur- Malwa- Marwad (iii) Telangana-Maharashtra-Marwad$

What the board has asked from this chapter

Questions per paper · 8 papers · 2020 to 2026

June 2026

7 q

Q1(2) $पाणलोट क्षेत्राच्या दृष्टीने भारतातील ____ ही दुसऱ्या क्रमांकाची नदी आहे. Choose the correct option and complete the sentence : The river ____ is the second largest river system of India in terms of catchment area.$
Tap an option to check your answer.
River Systems and Drainage Basins
खालील विधाने योग्य की अयोग्य ते लिहा (कोणतेही चार) :
State whether the following sentences are right or wrong (any four) :
Q3(2) $योग्य की अयोग्य ते लिहा : गंगा-ब्रह्मपुत्रा नदी प्रणालीच्या त्रिभुज प्रदेशाला सुंदरबन असे म्हणतात. State whether the sentence is right or wrong : The delta of Ganga-Brahmaputra river system is known as Sunderbans.$
Mountains, Plateaus and Plains
Q4(A)(2) $भारताच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात माहिती भरा व सूची तयार करा : अरवली पर्वत Mark the following in the outline map of India and give index : Aravali mountains.$
Mountains, Plateaus and Plains
Q4(A)(3) $भारताच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात माहिती भरा व सूची तयार करा : नर्मदा नदी Mark the following in the outline map of India and give index : The river Narmada.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
खालील ब्राझीलच्या नकाशाचे वाचन करून त्याखालील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे लिहा (कोणतेही चार) :
Observe the given map and answer the questions given below it (any four) :
Q4(B)(4) $कटिंगामधून वाहणाऱ्या नदीचे नाव काय ? Name the river that flows through Caatinga.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
Q4(B)(5) $उत्तर अटलांटिक महासागरातील बेटाचे नाव काय ? Name the Island located in the North Atlantic Ocean.$
Coastal Plains and Islands
भौगोलिक कारणे लिहा (कोणतेही दोन) :
Give geographical reasons for the following (any two) :
Q5(1) $भौगोलिक कारणे लिहा : हिमालयातील नद्या बारमाही वाहतात. Give geographical reasons : Himalayan rivers are perennial in nature.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins

March 2026

7 q

वेगळा घटक ओळखा :
Identify the odd factor out :
Q2(2) $वेगळा घटक ओळखा : पठारी प्रदेश : Identify the odd factor out — Plateau region :$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Mountains, Plateaus and Plains
Q4(A)(5) $ब्राझीलच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात माहिती भरा व सूची तयार करा : पॅराग्वे नदी Mark the following in the outline map of Brazil and give index : River Paraguay.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
खालील भारताच्या नकाशाचे वाचन करून त्याखालील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे लिहा (कोणतेही चार) :
Observe the map of India and answer the following questions.
Q4(B)(1) $भारतातील अती उत्तरेकडील सरोवराचे नाव लिहा. Name the lake to the far North of India.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
Q4(B)(2) $मध्य भारतातील प्रमुख पश्चिम वाहिनी नद्या कोणत्या ? Name the major west flowing rivers in Central India.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
Q4(B)(3) $कावेरी नदीचे उगमस्थान कुठे आहे ? Where does the river Kaveri originate ?$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
Q4(B)(4) $मनास ही कोणत्या नदीची उपनदी आहे ? River Manas is the tributary of which river ?$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
Q4(B)(5) $वरील नकाशा काय दर्शवितो ? What does the map indicate ?$
River Systems and Drainage Basins

July 2025

6 q

Q1(1) $अंदमान समूहातील बेटे ही प्रामुख्याने ____ आहेत. Choose the correct alternative and complete the sentence : Islands in the Andaman group are mainly ____.$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Coastal Plains and Islands

योग्य जोड्या लावा :

Match the columns : column 'A' has four entries and column 'B' has six alternatives (two alternatives are extra).

Q2(4)

योग्य जोड्या लावा : ब्राझील ‘अ’ स्तंभ ‘ब’ स्तंभ क्षेत्रभेट (i) केंद्रित वस्ती पानझडी वने (ii) पँटानल सावो पावलो (iii) खेजडी ब्राझील (iv) प्रश्नावली (v) साग (vi) सुंदरबन Match the entry 'Brazil' from column 'A' with the correct alternative from column 'B'. Column 'B' (i) Nucleated settlement (ii) Pantanal (iii) Khejadi (iv) Questionnaire (v) Teak (vi) Sundarban

‘अ’ स्तंभ	‘ब’ स्तंभ
क्षेत्रभेट	(i) केंद्रित वस्ती
पानझडी वने	(ii) पँटानल
सावो पावलो	(iii) खेजडी
ब्राझील	(iv) प्रश्नावली
	(v) साग
	(vi) सुंदरबन

Column 'B'
(i) Nucleated settlement
(ii) Pantanal
(iii) Khejadi
(iv) Questionnaire
(v) Teak
(vi) Sundarban

Mountains, Plateaus and Plains

प्रत्येकी एका वाक्यात उत्तरे लिहा (कोणतेही चार) :
Answer the following in one sentence (any four).
Q3(5) $गंगा नदीची प्रमुख उपनदी कोणती आहे ? Name the major tributary of river Ganga.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
ब्राझीलच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात माहिती भरा व सूची तयार करा (कोणतेही चार) :
Mark the following in the outline map of Brazil. Write the names and give index (any four).
Q4(A)(3) $ब्राझीलच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात माहिती भरा व सूची तयार करा : पॅराग्वे नदी Mark the River Paraguay in the outline map of Brazil, write its name and give the index.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
Q4(A)(5) $ब्राझीलच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात माहिती भरा व सूची तयार करा : कॅसिनो पुळण Mark the Cassino beach in the outline map of Brazil, write its name and give the index.$
Coastal Plains and Islands
भौगोलिक कारणे लिहा (कोणतेही दोन) :
Give geographical reasons (any two).
Q5(4) $भौगोलिक कारणे लिहा : ब्राझीलमध्ये पश्चिमवाहिनी नद्या आढळत नाही. There are no west-flowing rivers in Brazil.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins

March 2025

6 q

Q2(2) $वेगळा घटक ओळखा : ब्राझीलमधील नद्या : Find the odd man out : Rivers in Brazil.$
Tap an option to check your answer.
River Systems and Drainage Basins
चूक की बरोबर ते सांगा (कोणतेही चार) :
State whether the following sentences are right or wrong (any four).
Q3(3) $मॅनॉस हे निग्रो व ॲमेझॉन या नद्यांच्या संगमावरील बंदर आहे. Manaus is a port on the confluence of Negro and the Amazon.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
तुम्हास पुरविलेल्या ब्राझीलच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात पुढील घटक दाखवा व चिन्हांची सूची तयार करा (कोणतेही चार) :
Mark the following in the outline map of Brazil supplied to you and give index (any four).
Q4(A)(2) $माराजॉ बेट Mark the Marajo Island in the outline map of Brazil and give the index.$
Coastal Plains and Islands
Q4(A)(4) $पिको दी नेब्लीना Mark Pico De Neblina in the outline map of Brazil and give the index.$
Mountains, Plateaus and Plains
Q4(A)(5) $पॅराना नदी Mark the Parana River in the outline map of Brazil and give the index.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
भौगोलिक कारणे लिहा (कोणतेही दोन) :
Give geographical reasons for the following (any two).
Q5(1) $हिमालयातील नद्या बारमाही वाहतात. Most of the Himalayan rivers are perennial in nature.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins

July 2024

4 q

Q2(1) $चुकीची जोडी ओळखा : Identify the wrong pair:$
Tap an option to check your answer.
River Systems and Drainage Basins
Q3(2) $टिपा लिहा : अजस्र कडा Write a short note (any two of Q. 3): Escarpment.$
Mountains, Plateaus and Plains
ब्राझीलच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात माहिती भरा व सूची तयार करा (कोणतेही चार) :
Mark the following in the outline map of Brazil supplied to you, write the names and give index (any four).
Q4(A)(5) $ब्राझीलच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात माहिती भरा व सूची तयार करा : माराजॉ बेट Mark on the outline map of Brazil: Marajo Island. Write its name and give the index.$
Coastal Plains and Islands
Q7(2) $हिमालय पर्वताची सविस्तर माहिती लिहा. Answer in detail (any two of Q. 7): Write detailed information on Himalayan Mountains.$
Mountains, Plateaus and Plains

March 2024

7 q

Q2(3) $Choose the odd man out: Tributary of river Amazon.$
Tap an option to check your answer.
River Systems and Drainage Basins
Mark the following in the outline map of Brazil. Write the names and give index (any four).
Q4(A)(1) $Mark on the outline map of Brazil: Highest peak in Brazil. Write its name and give the index.$
Mountains, Plateaus and Plains
Q4(A)(2) $Mark on the outline map of Brazil: Sao Francisco river. Write its name and give the index.$
River Systems and Drainage Basins
Q4(A)(3) $Mark on the outline map of Brazil: Marajo island. Write its name and give the index.$
Coastal Plains and Islands
Observe the map of India and answer the following questions (any four).
Q4(B)(3) $Name two parts to the western coast.$
Coastal Plains and Islands
Q4(B)(5) $Name the island near Kolkata.$
Coastal Plains and Islands
Q7(2) $Answer in detail (any two of Q. 7): Give information of the coastal region of Brazil.$
Coastal Plains and Islands

March 2022

5 q

Complete the following sentences by choosing the appropriate alternatives from those given and rewrite the sentences in your answer-book:
Q1(A)(4) $Brazil is covered mainly by _______.$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Physiographic Divisions
Match the following: column 'A' has four entries and column 'B' has five alternatives (one alternative is extra).
Q1(B)(2) $Match the entry 'Pico De Nebline' from column 'A' with the correct alternative from column 'B'. Column 'B' (i) Tourist place (ii) Goa (iii) Sample questionnaire (iv) Himachal Pradesh (v) Highest peak in Brazil$
Mountains, Plateaus and Plains
Mark the following in the outline map of India supplied to you, write the names and give index (any four):
Q4(A)(2) $Mark on the outline map of India: Lakshadweep Island.$
Coastal Plains and Islands
Observe the given map and answer the questions given below it (any four): the map is titled 'Brazil - Forest And Wildlife' and its index shows Equatorial Forests, Tropical Grasslands, Swampy Lands, Hot Deciduous Forests, Thorny Shrubs and Temperate Grasslands, with wildlife symbols and the major rivers.
Q4(B)(2) $Name the Island shown in the map.$
Coastal Plains and Islands
Answer the following questions in detail (any two):
Q7(3) $Explain the characteristics of North Indian Plains.$
Mountains, Plateaus and Plains

Column 'B'
(i) Tourist place
(ii) Goa
(iii) Sample questionnaire
(iv) Himachal Pradesh
(v) Highest peak in Brazil

July 2020

4 q

Q1(3) $Choose the correct option and complete the sentence: Amazon is a large river in the world. Near its mouth _______.$
Tap an option to check your answer.
River Systems and Drainage Basins
Q3(3) $Answer in one sentence: Which is the highest peak in Brazil?$
Mountains, Plateaus and Plains
Mark the following in the outline map of Brazil, write the names and give index (any four).
Q4(A)(1) $Mark on the outline map of Brazil and give index: Pantanal.$
Physiographic Divisions
Q5(2) $Give geographical reasons: There are fewer natural ports on the eastern coast of India.$
Coastal Plains and Islands

The 10 board questions to practise first

The questions the board asked again come first, most asked first. Each one says how often and when.

Question 1
Asked 3 times: Mar 2024, Jul 2024, Mar 2025
Mark the following in the outline map of Brazil supplied to you and give index (any four).
Q4(A)(2) $माराजॉ बेट Mark the Marajo Island in the outline map of Brazil and give the index.$
Question 2
Asked 3 times: Jul 2020*, Mar 2024, Mar 2025 (* = numbers or wording changed that year)
Mark the following in the outline map of Brazil supplied to you and give index (any four).
Q4(A)(4) $पिको दी नेब्लीना Mark Pico De Neblina in the outline map of Brazil and give the index.$
Question 3
Asked 2 times: Mar 2025, Jun 2026
Give geographical reasons for the following (any two) :
Q5(1) $भौगोलिक कारणे लिहा : हिमालयातील नद्या बारमाही वाहतात. Give geographical reasons : Himalayan rivers are perennial in nature.$
Question 4
Asked 2 times: Jul 2025, Mar 2026
Q4(A)(5) $ब्राझीलच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात माहिती भरा व सूची तयार करा : पॅराग्वे नदी Mark the following in the outline map of Brazil and give index : River Paraguay.$
Question 5
This type asked 7 times: Jul 2020, Mar 2022, Mar 2024, Jul 2024, Jul 2025, Mar 2026, Jun 2026. This one: Jun 2026
State whether the following sentences are right or wrong (any four) :
Q3(2) $योग्य की अयोग्य ते लिहा : गंगा-ब्रह्मपुत्रा नदी प्रणालीच्या त्रिभुज प्रदेशाला सुंदरबन असे म्हणतात. State whether the sentence is right or wrong : The delta of Ganga-Brahmaputra river system is known as Sunderbans.$
Question 6
This type asked 6 times: Jul 2020, Mar 2024, Jul 2024, Mar 2025, Jul 2025, Jun 2026. This one: Jun 2026
Q1(2) $पाणलोट क्षेत्राच्या दृष्टीने भारतातील ____ ही दुसऱ्या क्रमांकाची नदी आहे. Choose the correct option and complete the sentence : The river ____ is the second largest river system of India in terms of catchment area.$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Question 7
This type asked 4 times: Jul 2020, Mar 2024, Mar 2025, Jul 2025. This one: Jul 2025
Mark the following in the outline map of Brazil. Write the names and give index (any four).
Q4(A)(5) $ब्राझीलच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात माहिती भरा व सूची तयार करा : कॅसिनो पुळण Mark the Cassino beach in the outline map of Brazil, write its name and give the index.$
Question 8
This type asked 2 times: Mar 2022, Jun 2026. This one: Jun 2026
Q4(A)(2) $भारताच्या नकाशा आराखड्यात माहिती भरा व सूची तयार करा : अरवली पर्वत Mark the following in the outline map of India and give index : Aravali mountains.$
Question 9
Asked once: Mar 2026 (same type asked 7 times)
Identify the odd factor out :
Q2(2) $वेगळा घटक ओळखा : पठारी प्रदेश : Identify the odd factor out — Plateau region :$
Tap an option to check your answer.
Question 10
Asked once: Jul 2025 (same type asked 6 times)
Answer the following in one sentence (any four).
Q3(5) $गंगा नदीची प्रमुख उपनदी कोणती आहे ? Name the major tributary of river Ganga.$

Exercise

What the board has asked from this chapter

June 2026

March 2026

July 2025

March 2025

July 2024

March 2024

March 2022

July 2020

The 10 board questions to practise first

Question 1

Question 2

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

Question 10