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Successive increase and decrease of a quantity by given percents

This type of question, asked 2 times: CDS 2 2020, CDS 2 2025. All 2 questions below, oldest first.

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  1. Question 1

    CDS 2 2020

    29
    The number of items in a booklet is NN. In the first year there is an increase of xx% in this number and in the subsequent year there is a decrease of xx%. At the end of the two years, what will be the number of items in the booklet ?

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  2. Question 2

    CDS 2 2025

    53
    There are two employees XX and YY. XX's salary is first increased by 12% and then decreased by 10%, and YY's salary is first increased by 10% and then decreased by 12%. If their salaries at present are equal, then what was the ratio of initial salary of XX to initial salary of YY?

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