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Two articles at different profit or loss percents with a given overall result: find the missing value

This type of question, asked 4 times: CDS 2 2017, CDS 2 2021, CDS 1 2025, CDS 2 2026. All 4 questions below, oldest first.

Try each one first, then open its answer.

  1. Question 1

    CDS 2 2017

    30
    Ram buys 4 chairs and 9 stools for Rs. 1,340. If he sells chairs at 10% profit and stools at 20% profit, he earns a total profit of Rs. 188. How much money did he have to pay for the chairs ?

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  2. Question 2

    CDS 2 2021

    43
    A person bought a chair and a table for Rs. 750. He sold the chair at a gain of 5% and the table at a gain of 20%. He gained 16% on the whole. What is original cost of table ?

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  3. Question 3

    CDS 1 2025

    71
    A person sells article X for Rs. 34,500 and makes a profit of 15%. He sells article Y at a loss of 10%. He neither loses nor gains on the whole because of these two transactions. What is the selling price of article Y ?

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  4. Question 4

    CDS 2 2026

    27
    The ratio of the cost price of two articles X and Y is 1 : 2. A businessman earns a profit of p% by selling X and a loss of 3p% by selling Y. If he loses 20% in this transaction, then what is the value of p ?

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