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One quantity as a percentage of another through a common base

This type of question, asked 3 times: CDS 2 2019, CDS 1 2020, CDS 1 2021. All 3 questions below, oldest first.

Try each one first, then open its answer.

  1. Question 1

    CDS 2 2019

    22
    x, y and z are three numbers such that x is 30% of z and y is 40% of z. If x is p% of y, then what is the value of p ?

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  2. Question 2

    CDS 1 2020

    46
    If the annual income of XX is 20% more than that of YY, then the income of YY is less than that of XX by pp%. What is the value of pp?

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  3. Question 3

    CDS 1 2021

    37
    XX sells his goods 25% cheaper than YY and 25% dearer than ZZ. How much percentage is ZZ's goods cheaper than YY?

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