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Ratio of two ages or numbers before and after adding the same amount: find them

This type of question, asked 2 times: CDS 2 2018, CDS 1 2026. All 3 questions below, oldest first.

Try each one first, then open its answer.

  1. Question 1

    CDS 2 2018

    37
    Ten (10) years before, the ages of a mother and her daughter were in the ratio 3 : 1. In another 10 years from now, the ratio of their ages will be 13 : 7. What are their present ages ?

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  2. Question 2

    CDS 1 2026

    35
    Two numbers P and Q are such that P:Q=x:yP : Q = x : y. If 1 is added to both the numbers, the ratio becomes 7 : 10. If 3 is added to both the numbers, the ratio becomes 3 : 4. What is (x+y):(x−y)(x + y) : (x - y) equal to ?

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  3. Question 3

    CDS 1 2026

    20
    The ratio of the present age of X to that of Y is 4 : 5. k (less than 10) years ago, this ratio was 1 : 2. How many values of k are possible if the ages are expressed in complete years ?

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