Identify the inductive or resonance effect (+I, -I, +R, -R) of a group

1. A.
   -COOH
2. B.
   -OR
3. C.
   -Cl
4. D.
   -OH

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1. A.
   $-\text{NHR}$
2. B.
   $-\text{CN}$
3. C.
   $-\text{NO}_2$
4. D.
   $-\text{COOR}$

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1. A.
   $\mathrm{-COOR}$
2. B.
   $\mathrm{-CN}$
3. C.
   $\mathrm{-Cl}$
4. D.
   $\mathrm{-CH_3}$

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