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Some A are B, some A are C, all C are D: do "some D are C", "some B are C", "some A are D" follow

The same question, asked 2 times: 20 Jul 2023 S2*, 26 Jul 2023 S1. Every wording below, oldest first.

Try each one first, then open its answer.

  1. Question 1

    20 Jul 2023 S2

    12
    Three statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statements: Some hills are mountains. Some hills are valleys. All valleys are rivers. Conclusions: I. Some rivers are valleys. II. Some mountains are valleys. III. Some hills are rivers.

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  2. Question 2

    26 Jul 2023 S1

    17
    Three statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statements: Some seeds are fruits. Some fruits are jams. All jams are desserts. Conclusions: I. Some jams are seeds. II. Some desserts are jams. III. Some fruits are desserts.

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