CBSE Class 12 Physics 2023 question paper (55/1)
Maximum marks 70 · Time 3 hours · 3 sets
Try each question first, then open its model answer. Where the paper offers a choice, both questions are shown with OR between them.
Section A
1 mark each
- Q.11 markA point charge situated at a distance 'r' from a short electric dipole on its axis, experiences a force . If the distance of the charge is '2r', the force on the charge will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.21 markFor a metallic conductor, the correct representation of variation of resistance R with temperature T is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.31 markThe potential difference across a cell in an open circuit is 8 V. It falls to 4 V when a current of 4 A is drawn from it. The internal resistance of the cell is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.41 markA steady current flows through a metallic wire whose area of cross-section (A) increases continuously from one end of the wire to the other. The magnitude of drift velocity of the free electrons as a function of 'A' can be shown by :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.51 markA diamagnetic substance is brought near the north or south pole of a bar magnet. It will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.61 markA circular coil of radius cm and 40 turns is rotated about its vertical diameter with an angular speed of rad in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of magnitude T. The maximum emf induced in the coil is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.71 markFigure shows a rectangular conductor PSRQ in which movable arm PQ has a resistance 'r' and resistance of PSRQ is negligible. The magnitude of emf induced when PQ is moved with a velocity does not depend on :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.81 markIn the process of charging of a capacitor, the current produced between the plates of the capacitor is : (where symbols have their usual meanings.)
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.91 markFor a concave mirror of focal length 'f', the minimum distance between the object and its real image is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.101 markThe radius of the orbit in Bohr model of hydrogen atom is proportional to :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.111 markHydrogen atom initially in the ground state, absorbs a photon which excites it to n = 5 level. The wavelength of the photon is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.121 markThe mass density of a nucleus of mass number A is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.131 markAn ac source of voltage is connected in series with a p-n junction diode and a load resistor. The correct option for output voltage across load resistance will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.141 markWhen an intrinsic semiconductor is doped with a small amount of trivalent impurity, then :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.151 markIn the energy-band diagram of n-type Si, the gap between the bottom of the conduction band and the donor energy level is of the order of :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Questions number 16 to 18 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Two statements are given — one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.Q.161 markAssertion (A) : When a bar of copper is placed in an external magnetic field, the field lines get concentrated inside the bar. Reason (R) : Copper is a paramagnetic substance.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.171 markAssertion (A) : The phase difference between any two points on a wavefront is zero. Reason (R) : All points on a wavefront are at the same distance from the source and thus oscillate in the same phase.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.181 markAssertion (A) : Photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light. Reason (R) : Photoelectric current is proportional to intensity of incident radiation for frequencies more than the threshold frequency.
Tap an option to check your answer.
Section B
2 marks each
- Q.192 marksAn alpha particle is projected with velocity into a region in which magnetic field exists. Calculate the acceleration of the particle in the region. , and are unit vectors along x, y and z axis respectively and charge to mass ratio for alpha particle is C/kg.
- Q.202 marksConsider an induced magnetic field due to changing electric field and an induced electric field due to changing magnetic field. Which one is more easily observed ? Justify your answer.
- Q.21 (a)2 marksUsing Huygens' principle, draw a ray diagram showing the propagation of a plane wave refracting at a plane surface separating two media. Also verify Snell's law of refraction.
OR
Q.21 (b)2 marksWhy is a reflecting telescope preferred over a refracting telescope ? Justify your answer giving two reasons.- Q.222 marksTwo coherent monochromatic light beams of intensities I and 4I superpose each other. Find the ratio of maximum and minimum intensities in the resulting beam.
- Q.232 marksThe ground state energy of hydrogen atom is eV. What is the potential energy and kinetic energy of an electron in the third excited state ?
- Q.24 (a)2 marksDifferentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
OR
Q.24 (b)2 marksDraw the circuit arrangement for studying the V – I characteristics of a p-n junction diode in forward bias and reverse bias. Show the plot of V – I characteristic of a silicon diode.- Q.252 marksBriefly explain how the diffusion and drift currents contribute to the formation of potential barrier in a p-n junction diode.
Section C
3 marks each
- Q.263 marks(a) Twelve negative charges of same magnitude are equally spaced and fixed on the circumference of a circle of radius R as shown in Fig. (i). Relative to potential being zero at infinity, find the electric potential and electric field at the centre C of the circle. (b) If the charges are unequally spaced and fixed on an arc of 120° of radius R as shown in Fig. (ii), find electric potential at the centre C.
- Q.27 (a)3 marksHow does the resistance differ from impedance ? With the help of a suitable phasor diagram, obtain an expression for impedance of a series LCR circuit, connected to a source .
OR
Q.27 (b)3 marksFind the condition for resonance in a series LCR circuit connected to a source , where can be varied. Give the factors on which the resonant frequency of a series LCR circuit depends. Plot a graph showing the variation of electric current with frequency in a series LCR circuit.- Q.283 marksA long solenoid of radius r consists of n turns per unit length. A current flows in the solenoid. A coil of N turns is wound tightly around it near its centre. What is : (a) the induced emf in the coil ? (b) the mutual inductance between the solenoid and the coil ?
- Q.293 marksHow does Einstein's photoelectric equation explain the emission of electrons from a metal surface ? Explain briefly. Plot the variation of photocurrent with : (a) collector plate potential for different intensity of incident radiation, and (b) intensity of incident radiation.
- Q.30 (a)3 marksDraw the energy level diagram for hydrogen atom. Mark the transitions corresponding to the series lying in the ultraviolet region, visible region and infrared region.
OR
Q.30 (b)3 marksDraw a diagram to show the variation of binding energy per nucleon with mass number for different nuclei and mention its two features. Why do lighter nuclei usually undergo nuclear fusion ?
Section D
5 marks each
- Q.31 (a)5 marks(i) State Coulomb's law in electrostatics and write it in vector form, for two charges. (ii) 'Gauss's law is based on the inverse-square dependence on distance contained in the Coulomb's law.' Explain. (iii) Two charges A (charge q) and B (charge 2q) are located at points (0, 0) and (a, a) respectively. Let and be the unit vectors along x-axis and y-axis respectively. Find the force exerted by A on B, in terms of and .
OR
Q.31 (b)5 marks(i) Derive an expression for the electric field at a point on the equatorial plane of an electric dipole consisting of charges q and – q separated by a distance 2a. (ii) The distance of a far off point on the equatorial plane of an electric dipole is halved. How will the electric field be affected for the dipole ? (iii) Two identical electric dipoles are placed along the diagonals of a square ABCD of side m as shown in the figure. Obtain the magnitude and direction of the net electric field at the centre (O) of the square.- Q.32 (a)5 marks(i) State Biot-Savart's law for the magnetic field due to a current carrying element. Use this law to obtain an expression for the magnetic field at the centre of a circular loop of radius 'a' and carrying a current 'I'. Draw the magnetic field lines for a current loop indicating the direction of magnetic field. (ii) An electron is revolving around the nucleus in a circular orbit with a speed of . If the radius of the orbit is m, find the current constituted by the revolving electron in the orbit.
OR
Q.32 (b)5 marks(i) Derive an expression for the force acting on a current carrying straight conductor kept in a magnetic field. State the rule which is used to find the direction of this force. Give the condition under which this force is (1) maximum, and (2) minimum. (ii) Two long parallel straight wires A and B are cm apart in air. They carry A and A currents respectively in opposite directions. Calculate the magnitude of the force exerted by wire A on a 10 cm length of wire B.- Q.33 (a)5 marks(i) (1) Write two points of difference between an interference pattern and a diffraction pattern. (2) Name any two factors on which the fringe width in a Young's double-slit experiment depends. (ii) In Young's double-slit experiment, the two slits are separated by a distance equal to 100 times the wavelength of light that passes through the slits. Calculate : (1) the angular separation in radians between the central maximum and the adjacent maximum. (2) the distance between these two maxima on a screen 50 cm from the slits.
OR
Q.33 (b)5 marks(i) A spherical surface of radius of curvature R separates two media of refractive indices and . A point object is placed in front of the surface at distance u in medium of refractive index and its image is formed by the surface at distance v, in the medium of refractive index . Derive a relation between u and v. (ii) A solid glass sphere of radius cm has a small air bubble trapped at a distance cm from its centre C as shown in the figure. The refractive index of the material of the sphere is . Find the apparent position of this bubble when seen through the surface of the sphere from an outside point E in air.
Section E
- The following figure shows a circuit diagram. We can find the currents through and potential differences across different resistors using Kirchhoff's rules.Q.34 (a)1 markWhich points are at the same potential in the circuit ?
- Q.34 (b)1 markWhat is the current through arm bg ?
- Q.34 (c)2 marksFind the potential difference across resistance .
OR
Q.34 (c) OR2 marksWhat is the power dissipated in resistance ?- Strontium titanate is a rare oxide — a natural mineral found in Siberia. It is used as a substitute for diamond because its refractive index and critical angle are and , respectively, which are approximately equal to the refractive index and critical angle of diamond. It has all the properties of diamond. Even an expert jeweller is unable to differentiate between diamond and strontium titanate. A ray of light is incident normally on one face of an equilateral triangular prism ABC made of strontium titanate.Q.35 (a)1 markTrace the path of the ray showing its passage through the prism.
- Q.35 (b)1 markFind the velocity of light through the prism.
- Q.35 (c)2 marksBriefly explain two applications of total internal reflection.
OR
Q.35 (c) OR2 marksDefine total internal reflection of light. Give two conditions for it.
Section A
1 mark each
- Q.11 markTwo identical circular coaxial coils A and B, arranged in vertical planes parallel to each other, carry currents in the same direction. If the distance between the coils is decreased at a constant rate, the current :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.21 markIn the process of charging of a capacitor, the current produced between the plates of the capacitor is : (where symbols have their usual meanings.)
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.31 markThe minimum distance between an object and its real image formed by a convex lens of focal length f is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.41 markA photon of energy 7 eV is incident on a metal surface having the work function of eV. The stopping potential is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.51 markHydrogen atom initially in the ground state, absorbs a photon which excites it to n = 5 level. The wavelength of the photon is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.61 markThe atomic number of an atom represents :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.71 markAn ac source of voltage is connected in series with a p-n junction diode and a load resistor. The correct option for output voltage across load resistance will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.81 markA diamagnetic substance is brought near the north or south pole of a bar magnet. It will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.91 markA circular coil of radius cm and 40 turns is rotated about its vertical diameter with an angular speed of rad in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of magnitude T. The maximum emf induced in the coil is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.101 markWhen an intrinsic semiconductor is doped with a small amount of trivalent impurity, then :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.111 markIn the energy-band diagram of n-type Si, the gap between the bottom of the conduction band and the donor energy level is of the order of :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.121 markA steady current flows through a metallic wire whose area of cross-section (A) increases continuously from one end of the wire to the other. The magnitude of drift velocity of the free electrons as a function of 'A' can be shown by :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.131 markThe masses of two cylindrical wires of copper are in the ratio of 1 : 3 and their lengths are in the ratio of 5 : 3. The ratio of their resistances will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.141 markWhich one of the following is the correct representation of variation of conductivity of a conductor with temperature ?
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.151 markA point charge situated at a distance 'r' from a short electric dipole on its axis, experiences a force . If the distance of the charge is '2r', the force on the charge will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Questions number 16 to 18 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Two statements are given — one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.Q.161 markAssertion (A) : The phase difference between any two points on a wavefront is zero. Reason (R) : All points on a wavefront are at the same distance from the source and thus oscillate in the same phase.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.171 markAssertion (A) : Photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light. Reason (R) : Photoelectric current is proportional to intensity of incident radiation for frequencies more than the threshold frequency.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.181 markAssertion (A) : When a bar of copper is placed in an external magnetic field, the field lines get concentrated inside the bar. Reason (R) : Copper is a paramagnetic substance.
Tap an option to check your answer.
Section B
2 marks each
- Q.192 marksBriefly explain how the diffusion and drift currents contribute to the formation of potential barrier in a p-n junction diode.
- Q.20 (a)2 marksDifferentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
OR
Q.20 (b)2 marksDraw the circuit arrangement for studying the V – I characteristics of a p-n junction diode in forward bias and reverse bias. Show the plot of V – I characteristic of a silicon diode.- Q.212 marksAn alpha particle is projected with velocity into a region in which magnetic field exists. Calculate the acceleration of the particle in the region. , and are unit vectors along x, y and z axis respectively and charge to mass ratio for alpha particle is C/kg.
- Q.222 marksA plane electromagnetic wave propagates in vacuum along x-axis. (a) Give the direction of electric field and magnetic field vectors. (b) and are the magnitudes of electric and magnetic fields respectively in a plane electromagnetic wave. Find the ratio of energy densities of electric field and magnetic field.
- Q.23 (a)2 marksUsing Huygens' principle, draw a ray diagram showing the propagation of a plane wave refracting at a plane surface separating two media. Also verify Snell's law of refraction.
OR
Q.23 (b)2 marksWhy is a reflecting telescope preferred over a refracting telescope ? Justify your answer giving two reasons.- Q.242 marksA double-convex lens of power 4 D is manufactured from a glass of refractive index . What is the radius of curvature of each face of this lens if both faces have the same radius of curvature ?
- Q.252 marksCalculate the wavelength of the second line of Lyman series in a spectrum of hydrogen atom. (Take Rydberg constant, R = )
Section C
3 marks each
- Q.26 (a)3 marksDraw the energy level diagram for hydrogen atom. Mark the transitions corresponding to the series lying in the ultraviolet region, visible region and infrared region.
OR
Q.26 (b)3 marksDraw a diagram to show the variation of binding energy per nucleon with mass number for different nuclei and mention its two features. Why do lighter nuclei usually undergo nuclear fusion ?- Q.273 marksThe threshold wavelength for a metal is 3315 Å. What should be the wavelength of light incident on the metal surface so that the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons be eV ?
- Q.283 marksThe primary and the secondary coils of an ideal step-down transformer consist of 650 and 25 turns respectively. When the primary coil of this transformer is connected to 240 V mains, the current in the primary coil is A. Calculate : (a) the voltage across the secondary coil (b) the current in the secondary coil (c) the average power delivered to the output circuit
- Q.29 (a)3 marksHow does the resistance differ from impedance ? With the help of a suitable phasor diagram, obtain an expression for impedance of a series LCR circuit, connected to a source .
OR
Q.29 (b)3 marksFind the condition for resonance in a series LCR circuit connected to a source , where can be varied. Give the factors on which the resonant frequency of a series LCR circuit depends. Plot a graph showing the variation of electric current with frequency in a series LCR circuit.- Q.303 marksA 100 capacitor is charged by a 12 V battery. (a) How much electrostatic energy is stored by the capacitor ? (b) The capacitor is disconnected from the battery and connected in parallel to another uncharged 100 capacitor. What is the electrostatic energy stored by the system ?
Section D
5 marks each
- Q.31 (a)5 marks(i) State Biot-Savart's law for the magnetic field due to a current carrying element. Use this law to obtain an expression for the magnetic field at the centre of a circular loop of radius 'a' and carrying a current 'I'. Draw the magnetic field lines for a current loop indicating the direction of magnetic field. (ii) An electron is revolving around the nucleus in a circular orbit with a speed of . If the radius of the orbit is m, find the current constituted by the revolving electron in the orbit.
OR
Q.31 (b)5 marks(i) Derive an expression for the force acting on a current carrying straight conductor kept in a magnetic field. State the rule which is used to find the direction of this force. Give the condition under which this force is (1) maximum, and (2) minimum. (ii) Two long parallel straight wires A and B are cm apart in air. They carry A and A currents respectively in opposite directions. Calculate the magnitude of the force exerted by wire A on a 10 cm length of wire B.- Q.32 (a)5 marks(i) (1) Write two points of difference between an interference pattern and a diffraction pattern. (2) Name any two factors on which the fringe width in a Young's double-slit experiment depends. (ii) In Young's double-slit experiment, the two slits are separated by a distance equal to 100 times the wavelength of light that passes through the slits. Calculate : (1) the angular separation in radians between the central maximum and the adjacent maximum. (2) the distance between these two maxima on a screen 50 cm from the slits.
OR
Q.32 (b)5 marks(i) A spherical surface of radius of curvature R separates two media of refractive indices and . A point object is placed in front of the surface at distance u in medium of refractive index and its image is formed by the surface at distance v, in the medium of refractive index . Derive a relation between u and v. (ii) A solid glass sphere of radius cm has a small air bubble trapped at a distance cm from its centre C as shown in the figure. The refractive index of the material of the sphere is . Find the apparent position of this bubble when seen through the surface of the sphere from an outside point E in air.- Q.33 (a)5 marks(i) State Coulomb's law in electrostatics and write it in vector form, for two charges. (ii) 'Gauss's law is based on the inverse-square dependence on distance contained in the Coulomb's law.' Explain. (iii) Two charges A (charge q) and B (charge 2q) are located at points (0, 0) and (a, a) respectively. Let and be the unit vectors along x-axis and y-axis respectively. Find the force exerted by A on B, in terms of and .
OR
Q.33 (b)5 marks(i) Derive an expression for the electric field at a point on the equatorial plane of an electric dipole consisting of charges q and – q separated by a distance 2a. (ii) The distance of a far off point on the equatorial plane of an electric dipole is halved. How will the electric field be affected for the dipole ? (iii) Two identical electric dipoles are placed along the diagonals of a square ABCD of side m as shown in the figure. Obtain the magnitude and direction of the net electric field at the centre (O) of the square.
Section E
- The following figure shows a circuit diagram. We can find the currents through and potential differences across different resistors using Kirchhoff's rules.Q.34 (a)1 markWhich points are at the same potential in the circuit ?
- Q.34 (b)1 markWhat is the current through arm bg ?
- Q.34 (c)2 marksFind the potential difference across resistance .
OR
Q.34 (c) OR2 marksWhat is the power dissipated in resistance ?- Strontium titanate is a rare oxide — a natural mineral found in Siberia. It is used as a substitute for diamond because its refractive index and critical angle are and , respectively, which are approximately equal to the refractive index and critical angle of diamond. It has all the properties of diamond. Even an expert jeweller is unable to differentiate between diamond and strontium titanate. A ray of light is incident normally on one face of an equilateral triangular prism ABC made of strontium titanate.Q.35 (a)1 markTrace the path of the ray showing its passage through the prism.
- Q.35 (b)1 markFind the velocity of light through the prism.
- Q.35 (c)2 marksBriefly explain two applications of total internal reflection.
OR
Q.35 (c) OR2 marksDefine total internal reflection of light. Give two conditions for it.
Section A
1 mark each
- Q.11 markIn the energy-band diagram of n-type Si, the gap between the bottom of the conduction band and the donor energy level is of the order of :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.21 markA steady current flows through a metallic wire whose area of cross-section (A) increases continuously from one end of the wire to the other. The magnitude of drift velocity of the free electrons as a function of 'A' can be shown by :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.31 markAn ac source of voltage is connected in series with a p-n junction diode and a load resistor. The correct option for output voltage across load resistance will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.41 markHydrogen atom initially in the ground state, absorbs a photon which excites it to n = 5 level. The wavelength of the photon is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.51 markIn the process of charging of a capacitor, the current produced between the plates of the capacitor is : (where symbols have their usual meanings.)
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.61 markIn an experiment, photons of energy eV are incident on a metal surface. Electrons emitted from the metal surface are stopped by an electrode at a potential of V w.r.t. the metal. The work function of the metal is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.71 markA circular coil of radius cm and 40 turns is rotated about its vertical diameter with an angular speed of rad in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of magnitude T. The maximum emf induced in the coil is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.81 markTwo nuclei have their mass numbers in the ratio of 8 : 1. The ratio of their nuclear densities is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.91 markA point charge situated at a distance 'r' from a short electric dipole on its axis, experiences a force . If the distance of the charge is '2r', the force on the charge will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.101 markThe number of electrons flowing through a conductor per second is . The current flowing through the conductor is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.111 markWhen an intrinsic semiconductor is doped with a small amount of trivalent impurity, then :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.121 markA diamagnetic substance is brought near the north or south pole of a bar magnet. It will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.131 markWhich of the following pairs of media has the least value of critical angle ?
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.141 markA bar magnet is dropped in a hollow metallic cylinder along its vertical axis. The acceleration of the falling magnet will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.151 markThe correct graph showing the variation of the resistance (R) of a cylindrical metal wire as a function of its radius (r), keeping its length and temperature constant, is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Questions number 16 to 18 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Two statements are given — one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.Q.161 markAssertion (A) : Photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light. Reason (R) : Photoelectric current is proportional to intensity of incident radiation for frequencies more than the threshold frequency.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.171 markAssertion (A) : When a bar of copper is placed in an external magnetic field, the field lines get concentrated inside the bar. Reason (R) : Copper is a paramagnetic substance.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.181 markAssertion (A) : The phase difference between any two points on a wavefront is zero. Reason (R) : All points on a wavefront are at the same distance from the source and thus oscillate in the same phase.
Tap an option to check your answer.
Section B
2 marks each
- Q.192 marksThe radii of curvature of the faces of a double-convex lens are 20 cm and 30 cm. Its power is D. What is the refractive index of the glass of the lens ?
- Q.202 marksBriefly explain how the diffusion and drift currents contribute to the formation of potential barrier in a p-n junction diode.
- Q.212 marksAn alpha particle is projected with velocity into a region in which magnetic field exists. Calculate the acceleration of the particle in the region. , and are unit vectors along x, y and z axis respectively and charge to mass ratio for alpha particle is C/kg.
- Q.222 marksThe ground state energy of hydrogen atom is eV in Bohr model. An electron makes a transition from an energy level of eV to that of eV. Calculate the wavelength of the spectral line emitted.
- Q.23 (a)2 marksUsing Huygens' principle, draw a ray diagram showing the propagation of a plane wave refracting at a plane surface separating two media. Also verify Snell's law of refraction.
OR
Q.23 (b)2 marksWhy is a reflecting telescope preferred over a refracting telescope ? Justify your answer giving two reasons.- Q.242 marksIdentify the part of electromagnetic spectrum which is : (a) next to the lowest frequency end of the visible part of electromagnetic spectrum, and (b) produced by bombarding a metal target by high energy electrons. Give one use of each of them.
- Q.25 (a)2 marksDifferentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
OR
Q.25 (b)2 marksDraw the circuit arrangement for studying the V – I characteristics of a p-n junction diode in forward bias and reverse bias. Show the plot of V – I characteristic of a silicon diode.
Section C
3 marks each
- Q.263 marksAn ac voltage ( V and f = 50 Hz) is connected to a pure capacitor of capacitance 15 . Calculate (i) the reactance of the capacitor, and (ii) the amplitude of the current. Write the expression of current through the capacitor as a function of time.
- Q.27 (a)3 marksDraw the energy level diagram for hydrogen atom. Mark the transitions corresponding to the series lying in the ultraviolet region, visible region and infrared region.
OR
Q.27 (b)3 marksDraw a diagram to show the variation of binding energy per nucleon with mass number for different nuclei and mention its two features. Why do lighter nuclei usually undergo nuclear fusion ?- Q.283 marksThree point charges , and are located at (0 cm, 0 cm), (0 cm, 3 cm) and (4 cm, 3 cm) respectively. Calculate the electrostatic potential energy of this system of charges.
- Q.29 (a)3 marksHow does the resistance differ from impedance ? With the help of a suitable phasor diagram, obtain an expression for impedance of a series LCR circuit, connected to a source .
OR
Q.29 (b)3 marksFind the condition for resonance in a series LCR circuit connected to a source , where can be varied. Give the factors on which the resonant frequency of a series LCR circuit depends. Plot a graph showing the variation of electric current with frequency in a series LCR circuit.- Q.303 marksA particle is associated with a de Broglie wave of wavelength nm. The kinetic energy of the particle is made four times. Calculate the new value of the wavelength of the wave.
Section D
5 marks each
- Q.31 (a)5 marks(i) (1) Write two points of difference between an interference pattern and a diffraction pattern. (2) Name any two factors on which the fringe width in a Young's double-slit experiment depends. (ii) In Young's double-slit experiment, the two slits are separated by a distance equal to 100 times the wavelength of light that passes through the slits. Calculate : (1) the angular separation in radians between the central maximum and the adjacent maximum. (2) the distance between these two maxima on a screen 50 cm from the slits.
OR
Q.31 (b)5 marks(i) A spherical surface of radius of curvature R separates two media of refractive indices and . A point object is placed in front of the surface at distance u in medium of refractive index and its image is formed by the surface at distance v, in the medium of refractive index . Derive a relation between u and v. (ii) A solid glass sphere of radius cm has a small air bubble trapped at a distance cm from its centre C as shown in the figure. The refractive index of the material of the sphere is . Find the apparent position of this bubble when seen through the surface of the sphere from an outside point E in air.- Q.32 (a)5 marks(i) State Coulomb's law in electrostatics and write it in vector form, for two charges. (ii) 'Gauss's law is based on the inverse-square dependence on distance contained in the Coulomb's law.' Explain. (iii) Two charges A (charge q) and B (charge 2q) are located at points (0, 0) and (a, a) respectively. Let and be the unit vectors along x-axis and y-axis respectively. Find the force exerted by A on B, in terms of and .
OR
Q.32 (b)5 marks(i) Derive an expression for the electric field at a point on the equatorial plane of an electric dipole consisting of charges q and – q separated by a distance 2a. (ii) The distance of a far off point on the equatorial plane of an electric dipole is halved. How will the electric field be affected for the dipole ? (iii) Two identical electric dipoles are placed along the diagonals of a square ABCD of side m as shown in the figure. Obtain the magnitude and direction of the net electric field at the centre (O) of the square.- Q.33 (a)5 marks(i) State Biot-Savart's law for the magnetic field due to a current carrying element. Use this law to obtain an expression for the magnetic field at the centre of a circular loop of radius 'a' and carrying a current 'I'. Draw the magnetic field lines for a current loop indicating the direction of magnetic field. (ii) An electron is revolving around the nucleus in a circular orbit with a speed of . If the radius of the orbit is m, find the current constituted by the revolving electron in the orbit.
OR
Q.33 (b)5 marks(i) Derive an expression for the force acting on a current carrying straight conductor kept in a magnetic field. State the rule which is used to find the direction of this force. Give the condition under which this force is (1) maximum, and (2) minimum. (ii) Two long parallel straight wires A and B are cm apart in air. They carry A and A currents respectively in opposite directions. Calculate the magnitude of the force exerted by wire A on a 10 cm length of wire B.
Section E
- The following figure shows a circuit diagram. We can find the currents through and potential differences across different resistors using Kirchhoff's rules.Q.34 (a)1 markWhich points are at the same potential in the circuit ?
- Q.34 (b)1 markWhat is the current through arm bg ?
- Q.34 (c)2 marksFind the potential difference across resistance .
OR
Q.34 (c) OR2 marksWhat is the power dissipated in resistance ?- Strontium titanate is a rare oxide — a natural mineral found in Siberia. It is used as a substitute for diamond because its refractive index and critical angle are and , respectively, which are approximately equal to the refractive index and critical angle of diamond. It has all the properties of diamond. Even an expert jeweller is unable to differentiate between diamond and strontium titanate. A ray of light is incident normally on one face of an equilateral triangular prism ABC made of strontium titanate.Q.35 (a)1 markTrace the path of the ray showing its passage through the prism.
- Q.35 (b)1 markFind the velocity of light through the prism.
- Q.35 (c)2 marksBriefly explain two applications of total internal reflection.
OR
Q.35 (c) OR2 marksDefine total internal reflection of light. Give two conditions for it.