CBSE Class 12 Physics 2024 question paper (55/2)
Maximum marks 70 · Time 3 hours · 3 sets
Try each question first, then open its model answer. Where the paper offers a choice, both questions are shown with OR between them.
Section A
1 mark each
- Q.11 markTwo charged particles P and Q, having the same charge but different masses and , start from rest and travel equal distances in a uniform electric field in time and respectively. Neglecting the effect of gravity, the ratio is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.21 markElectrons drift with speed in a conductor with potential difference V across its ends. If V is reduced to , their drift speed will become :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.31 markA wire of length m is bent round in the shape of a circular loop and carries a current of A. The magnetic moment of the loop will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.41 markA circular coil of radius 10 cm is placed in a magnetic field mT such that the outward unit vector normal to the surface of the coil is . The magnetic flux linked with the coil is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.51 markWhich of the following quantity/quantities remains same in primary and secondary coils of an ideal transformer ? Current, Voltage, Power, Magnetic flux
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.61 markA resistor and an ideal inductor are connected in series to a V, 50 Hz ac source. When a voltmeter is connected across the resistor or the inductor, it shows the same reading. The reading of the voltmeter is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.71 markElectromagnetic waves with wavelength 10 nm are called :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.81 markThe work function for a photosensitive surface is eV. The cut-off wavelength for photoemission of electrons from this surface is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.91 markEnergy levels A, B and C of an atom correspond to increasing values of energy i.e. . Let , and be the wavelengths of radiation corresponding to the transitions C to B, B to A and C to A, respectively. The correct relation between , and is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.101 markAn alpha particle approaches a gold nucleus in Geiger-Marsden experiment with kinetic energy K. It momentarily stops at a distance d from the nucleus and reverses its direction. Then d is proportional to :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.111 markAn n-type semiconducting Si is obtained by doping intrinsic Si with :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.121 markWhen a p-n junction diode is subjected to reverse biasing :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Questions number 13 to 16 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Two statements are given — one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.Q.131 markAssertion (A) : Photoelectric current increases with an increase in intensity of incident radiation, for a given frequency of incident radiation and the accelerating potential. Reason (R) : Increase in the intensity of incident radiation results in an increase in the number of photoelectrons emitted per second and hence an increase in the photocurrent.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.141 markAssertion (A) : Lenz's law is a consequence of the law of conservation of energy. Reason (R) : There is no power loss in an ideal inductor.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.151 markAssertion (A) : An electron and a proton enter with the same momentum in a magnetic field such that . Then both describe a circular path of the same radius. Reason (R) : The radius of the circular path described by the charged particle (charge q, mass m) moving in the magnetic field is given by .
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.161 markAssertion (A) : The magnifying power of a compound microscope is negative. Reason (R) : The final image formed is erect with respect to the object.
Tap an option to check your answer.
Section B
2 marks each
- Q.172 marksDefine resistivity of a conductor. How does the resistivity of a conductor depend upon the following : (a) Number density of free electrons in the conductor (n) (b) Their relaxation time
- Q.18 (a)2 marksTwo waves, each of amplitude 'a' and frequency '' emanating from two coherent sources of light superpose at a point. If the phase difference between the two waves is , obtain an expression for the resultant intensity at that point.
OR
Q.18 (b)2 marksWhat is the effect on the interference pattern in Young's double-slit experiment when (i) the source slit is moved closer to the plane of the slits, and (ii) the separation between the two slits is increased ? Justify your answers.- Q.192 marksA convex lens (n = ) has a focal length of cm in air. Find its focal length when it is immersed in liquid of refractive index . What will be the nature of the lens ?
- Q.202 marksThe carbon isotope has a nuclear mass of u. Calculate the binding energy of its nucleus. Given u; u.
- Q.212 marksHow does the energy gap of an intrinsic semiconductor effectively change when doped with a (a) trivalent impurity, and (b) pentavalent impurity ? Justify your answer in each case.
Section C
3 marks each
- Q.223 marksThe figure shows a circuit with three ideal batteries. Find the magnitude and direction of currents in the branches AG, BF and CD.
- Q.233 marks(a) On what factors does the speed of an electromagnetic wave in a medium depend ? (b) How is an electromagnetic wave produced ? (c) Sketch a schematic diagram depicting the electric and magnetic fields for an electromagnetic wave propagating along z-axis.
- Q.243 marksA 100-turn coil of radius cm and resistance is co-axial with a solenoid of 250 turns/cm and radius cm. The solenoid current drops from A to zero in 25 ms. Calculate the current induced in the coil in this duration. (Take )
- Q.25 (a)3 marksTwo long, straight, parallel conductors carry steady currents in opposite directions. Explain the nature of the force of interaction between them. Obtain an expression for the magnitude of the force between the two conductors. Hence define one ampere.
OR
Q.25 (b)3 marksObtain an expression for the torque acting on a current carrying loop in a uniform magnetic field . Draw the necessary diagram.- Q.263 marksUsing Bohr's postulates, derive the expression for the radius of the orbit of an electron in a hydrogen atom. Also find the numerical value of Bohr's radius .
- Q.273 marksde Broglie wavelength as a function of , for two particles of masses and are shown in the figure. Here, K is the energy of the moving particles. (a) What does the slope of a line represent ? (b) Which of the two particles is heavier ? (c) Is this graph also valid for a photon ? Justify your answer in each case.
- Q.283 marksWith the help of a circuit diagram, explain the working of a p-n junction diode as a full wave rectifier. Draw its input and output waveforms.
Section D
1 mark each
- When the terminals of a cell are connected to a conductor of resistance R, an electric current flows through the circuit. The electrolyte of the cell also offers some resistance in the path of the current, like the conductor. This resistance offered by the electrolyte is called internal resistance of the cell (r). It depends upon the nature of the electrolyte, the area of the electrodes immersed in the electrolyte and the temperature. Due to internal resistance, a part of the energy supplied by the cell is wasted in the form of heat. When no current is drawn from the cell, the potential difference between the two electrodes in known as emf of the cell . With a current drawn from the cell, the potential difference between the two electrodes is termed as terminal potential difference (V).Q.29 (i)1 markChoose the incorrect statement :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.29 (ii)1 markTwo cells of emfs V and V and internal resistances and respectively, are connected in parallel. The equivalent emf of the combination will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.29 (iii)1 markDipped in the solution, the electrode exchanges charges with the electrolyte. The positive electrode develops a potential , and the negative electrode develops a potential , relative to the electrolyte adjacent to it. When no current is drawn from the cell then :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.29 (iv) (a)1 markFive identical cells, each of emf 2 V and internal resistance are connected in parallel. This combination in turn is connected to an external resistor of . The current flowing through the resistor is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
OR
Q.29 (iv) (b)1 markPotential difference across a cell in the open circuit is 6 V. It becomes 4 V when a current of 2 A is drawn from it. The internal resistance of the cell is :Tap an option to check your answer.
- When a ray of light propagates from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it bends away from the normal. When the incident angle is increased, the refracted ray deviates more from the normal. For a particular angle of incidence in the denser medium, the refracted ray just grazes the interface of the two surfaces. This angle of incidence is called the critical angle for the pair of media involved.Q.30 (i)1 markFor a ray incident at the critical angle, the angle of reflection is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.30 (ii)1 markA ray of light of wavelength 600 nm is incident in water on the water-air interface at an angle less than the critical angle. The wavelength associated with the refracted ray is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.30 (iii) (a)1 markThe interface AB between the two media A and B is shown in the figure. In the denser medium A, the incident ray PQ makes an angle of with the horizontal. The refracted ray is parallel to the interface. The refractive index of medium B w.r.t. medium A is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
OR
Q.30 (iii) (b)1 markTwo media A and B are separated by a plane boundary. The speed of light in medium A and B is ms and ms respectively. The critical angle for a ray of light going from medium A to medium B is :Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.30 (iv)1 markThe figure shows the path of a light ray through a triangular prism. In this phenomenon, the angle is given by :
Tap an option to check your answer.
Section E
5 marks each
- Q.31 (a)5 marks(i) Obtain an expression for the electric potential due to a small dipole of dipole moment , at a point from its centre, for much larger distances compared to the size of the dipole. (ii) Three point charges q, 2q and nq are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. If the potential energy of the system is zero, find the value of n.
OR
Q.31 (b)5 marks(i) State Gauss's Law in electrostatics. Apply this to obtain the electric field at a point near a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet. (ii) Two long straight wires 1 and 2 are kept as shown in the figure. The linear charge density of the two wires are and . Find the net force experienced by an electron held at point P.- Q.32 (a)5 marks(i) A particle of mass m and charge q is moving with a velocity in a magnetic field as shown in the figure. Show that it follows a helical path. Hence, obtain its frequency of revolution. (ii) In a hydrogen atom, the electron moves in an orbit of radius making revolutions per second. Find the magnetic moment associated with the orbital motion of the electron.
OR
Q.32 (b)5 marks(i) What is current sensitivity of a galvanometer ? Show how the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may be increased. "Increasing the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may not necessarily increase its voltage sensitivity." Explain. (ii) A moving coil galvanometer has a resistance and takes 20 mA to produce full scale deflection. How can this galvanometer be converted into a voltmeter of range 0 to 100 V ?- Q.33 (a)5 marks(i) Give any two differences between the interference pattern obtained in Young's double-slit experiment and a diffraction pattern due to a single slit. (ii) Draw an intensity distribution graph in case of a double-slit interference pattern. (iii) In Young's double-slit experiment using monochromatic light of wavelength , the intensity of light at a point on the screen, where path difference is , is K units. Find the intensity of light at a point on the screen where the path difference is .
OR
Q.33 (b)5 marks(i) Draw a labelled ray diagram of a compound microscope showing image formation at least distance of distinct vision. Derive an expression for its magnifying power. (ii) A telescope consists of two lenses of focal length 100 cm and 5 cm. Find the magnifying power when the final image is formed at infinity.
Section A
1 mark each
- Q.11 markThe capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor having a medium of dielectric constant K = 4 in between the plates is C. If this medium is removed, then the capacitance of the capacitor becomes :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.21 markElectrons drift with speed in a conductor with potential difference V across its ends. If V is reduced to , their drift speed will become :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.31 markA conducting loop is placed in a magnetic field, normal to its plane. The magnitude of the magnetic field varies with time as shown in the figure. If , and are magnitudes of induced emfs during periods , and , then :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.41 markA circular coil of radius 10 cm is placed in a magnetic field mT such that the outward unit vector normal to the surface of the coil is . The magnetic flux linked with the coil is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.51 markWhich of the following quantity/quantities remains same in primary and secondary coils of an ideal transformer ? Current, Voltage, Power, Magnetic flux
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.61 markA series LCR circuit (L = 2 mH, C = and R = ) is connected to an ac source of variable frequency. The impedance of this circuit will be minimum at a frequency of :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.71 markWelders wear special glass goggles or face masks with glass windows to protect their eyes from radiations produced by welding arcs. These radiations are :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.81 markA photosensitive surface has a work function of eV. The maximum kinetic energy of electrons ejected from this surface by radiation of wavelength 300 nm is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.91 markEnergy levels A, B and C of an atom correspond to increasing values of energy i.e. . Let , and be the wavelengths of radiation corresponding to the transitions C to B, B to A and C to A, respectively. The correct relation between , and is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.101 markAn alpha particle approaches a gold nucleus in Geiger-Marsden experiment with kinetic energy K. It momentarily stops at a distance d from the nucleus and reverses its direction. Then d is proportional to :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.111 markAn n-type semiconducting Si is obtained by doping intrinsic Si with :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.121 markWhen a p-n junction diode is subjected to reverse biasing :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Questions number 13 to 16 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Two statements are given — one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.Q.131 markAssertion (A) : The magnifying power of a compound microscope is negative. Reason (R) : The final image formed is erect with respect to the object.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.141 markAssertion (A) : An electron and a proton enter with the same momentum in a magnetic field such that . Then both describe a circular path of the same radius. Reason (R) : The radius of the circular path described by the charged particle (charge q, mass m) moving in the magnetic field is given by .
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.151 markAssertion (A) : Lenz's law is a consequence of the law of conservation of energy. Reason (R) : There is no power loss in an ideal inductor.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.161 markAssertion (A) : Photoelectric current increases with an increase in intensity of incident radiation, for a given frequency of incident radiation and the accelerating potential. Reason (R) : Increase in the intensity of incident radiation results in an increase in the number of photoelectrons emitted per second and hence an increase in the photocurrent.
Tap an option to check your answer.
Section B
2 marks each
- Q.172 marks(a) "The electron drift speed is only a few mm/s for currents in the range of a few amperes for a given conductor." How then is current established almost the instant a circuit is closed ? Explain. (b) 'V = IR is a statement of Ohm's Law' is not true. Explain.
- Q.182 marksA convex lens (n = ) has a focal length of cm in air. Find its focal length when it is immersed in liquid of refractive index . What will be the nature of the lens ?
- Q.19 (a)2 marksTwo waves, each of amplitude 'a' and frequency '' emanating from two coherent sources of light superpose at a point. If the phase difference between the two waves is , obtain an expression for the resultant intensity at that point.
OR
Q.19 (b)2 marksWhat is the effect on the interference pattern in Young's double-slit experiment when (i) the source slit is moved closer to the plane of the slits, and (ii) the separation between the two slits is increased ? Justify your answers.- Q.202 marksCalculate the energy released/absorbed in the following nuclear reaction : Given : u u u
- Q.212 marksHow does the energy gap of an intrinsic semiconductor effectively change when doped with a (a) trivalent impurity, and (b) pentavalent impurity ? Justify your answer in each case.
Section C
3 marks each
- Q.223 marks(a) On what factors does the speed of an electromagnetic wave in a medium depend ? (b) How is an electromagnetic wave produced ? (c) Sketch a schematic diagram depicting the electric and magnetic fields for an electromagnetic wave propagating along z-axis.
- Q.233 marksThe figure shows a circuit with three ideal batteries. Find the magnitude and direction of currents in the branches AG, BF and CD.
- Q.243 marksA rectangular loop of sides 10 cm 20 cm is kept outside a region of uniform magnetic field = 5 mT as shown in the figure. The loop is moved with the velocity of 5 cm/s till it goes completely out of the magnetic field. (a) Plot a graph showing variation of the magnetic flux with x cm). (b) Find the maximum value of magnetic flux linked with the loop. (c) Will an external work be required to be done to move the loop through the magnetic field ?
- Q.25 (a)3 marksTwo long, straight, parallel conductors carry steady currents in opposite directions. Explain the nature of the force of interaction between them. Obtain an expression for the magnitude of the force between the two conductors. Hence define one ampere.
OR
Q.25 (b)3 marksObtain an expression for the torque acting on a current carrying loop in a uniform magnetic field . Draw the necessary diagram.- Q.263 marks(a) Briefly explain de Broglie hypothesis for wave nature of matter. (b) Find the ratio of de Broglie wavelength associated with a proton and an alpha particle when both are (i) accelerated from rest through the same potential difference, and (ii) moving with the same kinetic energy.
- Q.273 marks(a) Plot a graph depicting potential energy of a pair of nucleons in a nucleus as a function of their separation. (b) Identify the regions where the nuclear force is (i) attractive, and (ii) repulsive. Justify your answer.
- Q.283 marksWith the help of a circuit diagram, explain the working of a p-n junction diode as a full wave rectifier. Draw its input and output waveforms.
Section D
1 mark each
- When a ray of light propagates from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it bends away from the normal. When the incident angle is increased, the refracted ray deviates more from the normal. For a particular angle of incidence in the denser medium, the refracted ray just grazes the interface of the two surfaces. This angle of incidence is called the critical angle for the pair of media involved.Q.29 (i)1 markFor a ray incident at the critical angle, the angle of reflection is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.29 (ii)1 markA ray of light of wavelength 600 nm is incident in water on the water-air interface at an angle less than the critical angle. The wavelength associated with the refracted ray is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.29 (iii) (a)1 markThe interface AB between the two media A and B is shown in the figure. In the denser medium A, the incident ray PQ makes an angle of with the horizontal. The refracted ray is parallel to the interface. The refractive index of medium B w.r.t. medium A is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
OR
Q.29 (iii) (b)1 markTwo media A and B are separated by a plane boundary. The speed of light in medium A and B is ms and ms respectively. The critical angle for a ray of light going from medium A to medium B is :Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.29 (iv)1 markThe figure shows the path of a light ray through a triangular prism. In this phenomenon, the angle is given by :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- When the terminals of a cell are connected to a conductor of resistance R, an electric current flows through the circuit. The electrolyte of the cell also offers some resistance in the path of the current, like the conductor. This resistance offered by the electrolyte is called internal resistance of the cell (r). It depends upon the nature of the electrolyte, the area of the electrodes immersed in the electrolyte and the temperature. Due to internal resistance, a part of the energy supplied by the cell is wasted in the form of heat. When no current is drawn from the cell, the potential difference between the two electrodes in known as emf of the cell . With a current drawn from the cell, the potential difference between the two electrodes is termed as terminal potential difference (V).Q.30 (i)1 markChoose the incorrect statement :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.30 (ii)1 markTwo cells of emfs V and V and internal resistances and respectively, are connected in parallel. The equivalent emf of the combination will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.30 (iii)1 markDipped in the solution, the electrode exchanges charges with the electrolyte. The positive electrode develops a potential , and the negative electrode develops a potential , relative to the electrolyte adjacent to it. When no current is drawn from the cell then :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.30 (iv) (a)1 markFive identical cells, each of emf 2 V and internal resistance are connected in parallel. This combination in turn is connected to an external resistor of . The current flowing through the resistor is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
OR
Q.30 (iv) (b)1 markPotential difference across a cell in the open circuit is 6 V. It becomes 4 V when a current of 2 A is drawn from it. The internal resistance of the cell is :Tap an option to check your answer.
Section E
5 marks each
- Q.31 (a)5 marks(i) Give any two differences between the interference pattern obtained in Young's double-slit experiment and a diffraction pattern due to a single slit. (ii) Draw an intensity distribution graph in case of a double-slit interference pattern. (iii) In Young's double-slit experiment using monochromatic light of wavelength , the intensity of light at a point on the screen, where path difference is , is K units. Find the intensity of light at a point on the screen where the path difference is .
OR
Q.31 (b)5 marks(i) Draw a labelled ray diagram of a compound microscope showing image formation at least distance of distinct vision. Derive an expression for its magnifying power. (ii) A telescope consists of two lenses of focal length 100 cm and 5 cm. Find the magnifying power when the final image is formed at infinity.- Q.32 (a)5 marks(i) Obtain an expression for the electric potential due to a small dipole of dipole moment , at a point from its centre, for much larger distances compared to the size of the dipole. (ii) Three point charges q, 2q and nq are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. If the potential energy of the system is zero, find the value of n.
OR
Q.32 (b)5 marks(i) State Gauss's Law in electrostatics. Apply this to obtain the electric field at a point near a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet. (ii) Two long straight wires 1 and 2 are kept as shown in the figure. The linear charge density of the two wires are and . Find the net force experienced by an electron held at point P.- Q.33 (a)5 marks(i) A particle of mass m and charge q is moving with a velocity in a magnetic field as shown in the figure. Show that it follows a helical path. Hence, obtain its frequency of revolution. (ii) In a hydrogen atom, the electron moves in an orbit of radius making revolutions per second. Find the magnetic moment associated with the orbital motion of the electron.
OR
Q.33 (b)5 marks(i) What is current sensitivity of a galvanometer ? Show how the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may be increased. "Increasing the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may not necessarily increase its voltage sensitivity." Explain. (ii) A moving coil galvanometer has a resistance and takes 20 mA to produce full scale deflection. How can this galvanometer be converted into a voltmeter of range 0 to 100 V ?
Section A
1 mark each
- Q.11 markCoulomb force F versus graphs for two pairs of point charges ( and ) and ( and ) are shown in the figure. The ratio of charges is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.21 markElectrons drift with speed in a conductor with potential difference V across its ends. If V is reduced to , their drift speed will become :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.31 markThe emf induced in a coil rotating in a magnetic field does not depend upon the following :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.41 markA circular coil of radius 10 cm is placed in a magnetic field mT such that the outward unit vector normal to the surface of the coil is . The magnetic flux linked with the coil is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.51 markWhich of the following quantity/quantities remains same in primary and secondary coils of an ideal transformer ? Current, Voltage, Power, Magnetic flux
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.61 markIn an ac circuit, the instantaneous values of current (in A) and voltage (in V) are I = 5 sin and E = 200 cos respectively. The phase difference between voltage and current at any instant is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.71 markIn four regions I, II, III and IV, the magnetic field is given by : I. II. III. IV. The electromagnetic wave will exist in the region :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.81 markThe momentum (in SI units) associated with a photon of energy eV is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.91 markAn n-type semiconducting Si is obtained by doping intrinsic Si with :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.101 markEnergy levels A, B and C of an atom correspond to increasing values of energy i.e. . Let , and be the wavelengths of radiation corresponding to the transitions C to B, B to A and C to A, respectively. The correct relation between , and is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.111 markWhen a p-n junction diode is subjected to reverse biasing :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.121 markAn alpha particle approaches a gold nucleus in Geiger-Marsden experiment with kinetic energy K. It momentarily stops at a distance d from the nucleus and reverses its direction. Then d is proportional to :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Questions number 13 to 16 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Two statements are given — one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.Q.131 markAssertion (A) : An electron and a proton enter with the same momentum in a magnetic field such that . Then both describe a circular path of the same radius. Reason (R) : The radius of the circular path described by the charged particle (charge q, mass m) moving in the magnetic field is given by .
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.141 markAssertion (A) : The magnifying power of a compound microscope is negative. Reason (R) : The final image formed is erect with respect to the object.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.151 markAssertion (A) : Lenz's law is a consequence of the law of conservation of energy. Reason (R) : There is no power loss in an ideal inductor.
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.161 markAssertion (A) : Photoelectric current increases with an increase in intensity of incident radiation, for a given frequency of incident radiation and the accelerating potential. Reason (R) : Increase in the intensity of incident radiation results in an increase in the number of photoelectrons emitted per second and hence an increase in the photocurrent.
Tap an option to check your answer.
Section B
2 marks each
- Q.172 marksAn electric field E is maintained in a wire of length '' and area of cross-section 'a'. Derive the relation between the current density '' in the wire and the electric field E.
- Q.182 marksHow does the energy gap of an intrinsic semiconductor effectively change when doped with a (a) trivalent impurity, and (b) pentavalent impurity ? Justify your answer in each case.
- Q.19 (a)2 marksTwo waves, each of amplitude 'a' and frequency '' emanating from two coherent sources of light superpose at a point. If the phase difference between the two waves is , obtain an expression for the resultant intensity at that point.
OR
Q.19 (b)2 marksWhat is the effect on the interference pattern in Young's double-slit experiment when (i) the source slit is moved closer to the plane of the slits, and (ii) the separation between the two slits is increased ? Justify your answers.- Q.202 marksIn Bohr model of hydrogen atom, find the ratio of period of revolution of the electron in the orbit n = 2 to that in the orbit n = 1.
- Q.212 marksA convex lens (n = ) has a focal length of cm in air. Find its focal length when it is immersed in liquid of refractive index . What will be the nature of the lens ?
Section C
3 marks each
- Q.22 (a)3 marksTwo long, straight, parallel conductors carry steady currents in opposite directions. Explain the nature of the force of interaction between them. Obtain an expression for the magnitude of the force between the two conductors. Hence define one ampere.
OR
Q.22 (b)3 marksObtain an expression for the torque acting on a current carrying loop in a uniform magnetic field . Draw the necessary diagram.- Q.233 marks(a) On what factors does the speed of an electromagnetic wave in a medium depend ? (b) How is an electromagnetic wave produced ? (c) Sketch a schematic diagram depicting the electric and magnetic fields for an electromagnetic wave propagating along z-axis.
- Q.243 marksAn ac voltage V is applied to the primary coil having 200 turns, of an ideal transformer and it supplies a power of 5 kW. If the secondary coil has 1000 turns, find : (a) the output voltage, (b) the instantaneous voltage across the secondary coil, and (c) the current in the secondary coil. (Take )
- Q.253 marksThe figure shows a circuit with three ideal batteries. Find the magnitude and direction of currents in the branches AG, BF and CD.
- Q.263 marks(a) Briefly discuss three characteristics of the forces between nucleons. (b) Which out of and nuclei is more stable and why ?
- Q.273 marksDraw a schematic arrangement of Geiger-Marsden experiment. Briefly explain the conclusions drawn from the observations about the structure of an atom. Define 'distance of closest approach' in this case.
- Q.283 marksWith the help of a circuit diagram, explain the working of a p-n junction diode as a full wave rectifier. Draw its input and output waveforms.
Section D
1 mark each
- When a ray of light propagates from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it bends away from the normal. When the incident angle is increased, the refracted ray deviates more from the normal. For a particular angle of incidence in the denser medium, the refracted ray just grazes the interface of the two surfaces. This angle of incidence is called the critical angle for the pair of media involved.Q.29 (i)1 markFor a ray incident at the critical angle, the angle of reflection is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.29 (ii)1 markA ray of light of wavelength 600 nm is incident in water on the water-air interface at an angle less than the critical angle. The wavelength associated with the refracted ray is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.29 (iii) (a)1 markThe interface AB between the two media A and B is shown in the figure. In the denser medium A, the incident ray PQ makes an angle of with the horizontal. The refracted ray is parallel to the interface. The refractive index of medium B w.r.t. medium A is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
OR
Q.29 (iii) (b)1 markTwo media A and B are separated by a plane boundary. The speed of light in medium A and B is ms and ms respectively. The critical angle for a ray of light going from medium A to medium B is :Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.29 (iv)1 markThe figure shows the path of a light ray through a triangular prism. In this phenomenon, the angle is given by :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- When the terminals of a cell are connected to a conductor of resistance R, an electric current flows through the circuit. The electrolyte of the cell also offers some resistance in the path of the current, like the conductor. This resistance offered by the electrolyte is called internal resistance of the cell (r). It depends upon the nature of the electrolyte, the area of the electrodes immersed in the electrolyte and the temperature. Due to internal resistance, a part of the energy supplied by the cell is wasted in the form of heat. When no current is drawn from the cell, the potential difference between the two electrodes in known as emf of the cell . With a current drawn from the cell, the potential difference between the two electrodes is termed as terminal potential difference (V).Q.30 (i)1 markChoose the incorrect statement :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.30 (ii)1 markTwo cells of emfs V and V and internal resistances and respectively, are connected in parallel. The equivalent emf of the combination will be :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.30 (iii)1 markDipped in the solution, the electrode exchanges charges with the electrolyte. The positive electrode develops a potential , and the negative electrode develops a potential , relative to the electrolyte adjacent to it. When no current is drawn from the cell then :
Tap an option to check your answer.
- Q.30 (iv) (a)1 markFive identical cells, each of emf 2 V and internal resistance are connected in parallel. This combination in turn is connected to an external resistor of . The current flowing through the resistor is :
Tap an option to check your answer.
OR
Q.30 (iv) (b)1 markPotential difference across a cell in the open circuit is 6 V. It becomes 4 V when a current of 2 A is drawn from it. The internal resistance of the cell is :Tap an option to check your answer.
Section E
5 marks each
- Q.31 (a)5 marks(i) Give any two differences between the interference pattern obtained in Young's double-slit experiment and a diffraction pattern due to a single slit. (ii) Draw an intensity distribution graph in case of a double-slit interference pattern. (iii) In Young's double-slit experiment using monochromatic light of wavelength , the intensity of light at a point on the screen, where path difference is , is K units. Find the intensity of light at a point on the screen where the path difference is .
OR
Q.31 (b)5 marks(i) Draw a labelled ray diagram of a compound microscope showing image formation at least distance of distinct vision. Derive an expression for its magnifying power. (ii) A telescope consists of two lenses of focal length 100 cm and 5 cm. Find the magnifying power when the final image is formed at infinity.- Q.32 (a)5 marks(i) Obtain an expression for the electric potential due to a small dipole of dipole moment , at a point from its centre, for much larger distances compared to the size of the dipole. (ii) Three point charges q, 2q and nq are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. If the potential energy of the system is zero, find the value of n.
OR
Q.32 (b)5 marks(i) State Gauss's Law in electrostatics. Apply this to obtain the electric field at a point near a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet. (ii) Two long straight wires 1 and 2 are kept as shown in the figure. The linear charge density of the two wires are and . Find the net force experienced by an electron held at point P.- Q.33 (a)5 marks(i) A particle of mass m and charge q is moving with a velocity in a magnetic field as shown in the figure. Show that it follows a helical path. Hence, obtain its frequency of revolution. (ii) In a hydrogen atom, the electron moves in an orbit of radius making revolutions per second. Find the magnetic moment associated with the orbital motion of the electron.
OR
Q.33 (b)5 marks(i) What is current sensitivity of a galvanometer ? Show how the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may be increased. "Increasing the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may not necessarily increase its voltage sensitivity." Explain. (ii) A moving coil galvanometer has a resistance and takes 20 mA to produce full scale deflection. How can this galvanometer be converted into a voltmeter of range 0 to 100 V ?