CBSE Class 12 Physics 2024 question paper (55/5)
Maximum marks 70 · Time 3 hours · 3 sets
Try each question first, then open its model answer. Where the paper offers a choice, both questions are shown with OR between them.
Section A
1 mark each
- Q.11 markA battery supplies 0.9 A current through a resistor and 0.3 A current through a resistor when connected one by one. The internal resistance of the battery is :
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- Q.21 markA particle of mass m and charge q describes a circular path of radius R in a magnetic field. If its mass and charge were 2 m and respectively, the radius of its path would be
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- Q.31 markWhich of the following pairs is that of paramagnetic materials ?
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- Q.41 markA galvanometer of resistance is converted into a voltmeter of range using a resistor of . If it is to be converted into a voltmeter of range , the resistance required will be
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- Q.51 markTwo coils are placed near each other. When the current in one coil is changed at the rate of 5 A/s, an emf of 2 mV is induced in the other. The mutual inductance of the two coils is
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- Q.61 markThe electromagnetic waves used to purify water are
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- Q.71 markThe focal lengths of the objective and the eyepiece of a compound microscope are 1 cm and 2 cm respectively. If the tube length of the microscope is 10 cm, the magnification obtained by the microscope for most suitable viewing by relaxed eye is :
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- Q.81 markThe variation of the stopping potential with the frequency of the incident radiation for four metals A, B, C and D is shown in the figure. For the same frequency of incident radiation producing photo-electrons in all metals, the kinetic energy of photo-electrons will be maximum for metal
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- Q.91 markThe energy of an electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom is eV. The kinetic and potential energy of the electron in the first excited state will be
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- Q.101 markA Young's double-slit experimental set up is kept in a medium of refractive index . Which maximum in this case will coincide with the 6th maximum obtained if the medium is replaced by air ?
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- Q.111 markThe potential energy between two nucleons inside a nucleus is minimum at a distance of about
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- Q.121 markA pure Si crystal having atoms is dopped with 1 ppm concentration of antimony. If the concentration of holes in the doped crystal is found to be , the concentration (in ) of intrinsic charge carriers in Si crystal is about
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- For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given – one labelled Assertion (A) and other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given below. (A) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is correct explanation of Assertion (A). (B) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (C) If Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false. (D) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.Q.131 markAssertion (A) : Equal amount of positive and negative charges are distributed uniformly on two halves of a thin circular ring as shown in figure. The resultant electric field at the centre O of the ring is along OC. Reason (R) : It is so because the net potential at O is not zero.
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- Q.141 markAssertion (A) : The energy of a charged particle moving in a magnetic field does not change. Reason (R) : It is because the work done by the magnetic force on the charge moving in a magnetic field is zero.
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- Q.151 markAssertion (A) : In a Young's double-slit experiment, interference pattern is not observed when two coherent sources are infinitely close to each other. Reason (R) : The fringe width is proportional to the separation between the two sources.
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- Q.161 markAssertion (A) : An alpha particle is moving towards a gold nucleus. The impact parameter is maximum for the scattering angle of 180°. Reason (R) : The impact parameter in an alpha particle scattering experiment does not depend upon the atomic number of the target nucleus.
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Section B
2 marks each
- Q.17 (a)2 marksFour point charges of , , and are placed at the corners A, B, C and D respectively, of a square of side 30 cm. Find the net force acting on a charge of placed at the centre of the square.
OR
Q.17 (b)2 marksThree point charges, 1 pC each, are kept at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side 10 cm. Find the net electric field at the centroid of triangle.- Q.182 marksDerive an expression for magnetic force acting on a straight conductor of length L carrying current I in an external magnetic field . Is it valid when the conductor is in zig-zag form ? Justify.
- Q.192 marksA telescope has an objective lens of focal length 150 cm and an eyepiece of focal length 5 cm. Calculate its magnifying power in normal adjustment and the distance of the image formed by the objective.
- Q.202 marks(a) Two energy levels of an electron in hydrogen atom are separated by 2.55 eV. Find the wavelength of radiation emitted when the electron makes transition from the higher energy level to the lower energy level. (b) In which series of hydrogen spectrum this line shall fall ?
- Q.212 marksThe earth revolves around the sun in an orbit of radius m with orbital speed 30 km/s. Find the quantum number that characterises its revolution using Bohr's model in this case (mass of earth kg).
Section C
3 marks each
- Q.223 marks(a) Write Einstein's photoelectric equation. How did Millikan prove the validity of this equation ? (b) Explain the existence of threshold frequency of incident radiation for photoelectric emission from a given surface.
- Q.233 marks(a) Define the term 'electric flux' and write its dimensions. (b) A plane surface, in shape of a square of side 1 cm is placed in an electric field such that the unit vector normal to the surface is given by . Find the electric flux through the surface.
- Q.24 (a)3 marks(i) State Lenz's Law. In a closed circuit, the induced current opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it as per the law of conservation of energy. Justify. (ii) A metal rod of length 2 m is rotated with a frequency 60 rev/s about an axis passing through its centre and perpendicular to its length. A uniform magnetic field of 2T perpendicular to its plane of rotation is switched-on in the region. Calculate the e.m.f. induced between the centre and the end of the rod.
OR
Q.24 (b)3 marks(i) State and explain Ampere's circuital law. (ii) Two long straight parallel wires separated by 20 cm, carry 5 A and 10 A current respectively, in the same direction. Find the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic field at a point midway between them.- Q.253 marksAn electron moving with a velocity enters a region of uniform magnetic field . Find the radius of the circular path described by it. While rotating; does the electron trace a linear path too ? If so, calculate the linear distance covered by it during the period of one revolution.
- Q.263 marks(a) Name the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum which are (i) also known as 'heat waves' and (ii) absorbed by ozone layer in the atmosphere. (b) Write briefly one method each, of the production and detection of these radiations.
- Q.273 marks(a) Explain the characteristics of a p-n junction diode that makes it suitable for its use as a rectifier. (b) With the help of a circuit diagram, explain the working of a full wave rectifier.
- Q.283 marksExplain the following, giving reasons : (a) A doped semiconductor is electrically neutral. (b) In a p-n junction under equilibrium, there is no net current. (c) In a diode, the reverse current is practically not dependent on the applied voltage.
Section D
1 mark each
- Dielectrics play an important role in design of capacitors. The molecules of a dielectric may be polar or non-polar. When a dielectric slab is placed in an external electric field, opposite charges appear on the two surfaces of the slab perpendicular to electric field. Due to this an electric field is established inside the dielectric. The capacitance of a capacitor is determined by the dielectric constant of the material that fills the space between the plates. Consequently, the energy storage capacity of a capacitor is also affected. Like resistors, capacitors can also be arranged in series and/or parallel.Q.29 (i)1 markWhich of the following is a polar molecule ?
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- Q.29 (ii)1 markWhich of the following statements about dielectrics is correct ?
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- Q.29 (iii)1 markWhen a dielectric slab is inserted between the plates of an isolated charged capacitor, the energy stored in it :
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- Q.29 (iv) (a)1 markAn air-filled capacitor with plate area A and plate separation d has capacitance . A slab of dielectric constant K, area A and thickness is inserted between the plates. The capacitance of the capacitor will become
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OR
Q.29 (iv) (b)1 markTwo capacitors of capacitances and are first connected in series and then in parallel across the same battery. The ratio of energies stored in series combination to that in parallel isTap an option to check your answer.
- A prism is an optical medium bounded by three refracting plane surfaces. A ray of light suffers successive refractions on passing through its two surfaces and deviates by a certain angle from its original path. The refractive index of the material of the prism is given by . If the angle of incidence on the second surface is greater than an angle called critical angle, the ray will not be refracted from the second surface and is totally internally reflected.Q.30 (i)1 markThe critical angle for glass is and that for water is . The critical angle for glass-water surface would be (given , )
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- Q.30 (ii)1 markWhen a ray of light of wavelength and frequency is refracted into a denser medium
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- Q.30 (iii) (a)1 markThe critical angle for a ray of light passing from glass to water is minimum for
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OR
Q.30 (iii) (b)1 markThree beams of red, yellow and violet colours are passed through a prism, one by one under the same condition. When the prism is in the position of minimum deviation, the angles of refraction from the second surface are , and respectively. ThenTap an option to check your answer.
- Q.30 (iv)1 markA ray of light is incident normally on a prism ABC of refractive index , as shown in figure. After it strikes face AC, it will
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Section E
5 marks each
- Q.31 (a)5 marks(i) Draw equipotential surfaces for an electric dipole. (ii) Two point charges and are located at and respectively in an external electric field . Obtain an expression for the potential energy of the system. (iii) The dipole moment of a molecule is Cm. It is placed in an electric field of V/m such that its axis is along the electric field. The direction of is suddenly changed by 60° at an instant. Find the change in the potential energy of the dipole, at that instant.
OR
Q.31 (b)5 marks(i) A thin spherical shell of radius R has a uniform surface charge density . Using Gauss' law, deduce an expression for electric field (i) outside and (ii) inside the shell. (ii) Two long straight thin wires AB and CD have linear charge densities and , respectively. They are kept parallel to each other at a distance 1 m. Find magnitude and direction of the net electric field at a point midway between them.- Q.32 (a)5 marks(i) You are given three circuit elements X, Y and Z. They are connected one by one across a given ac source. It is found that V and I are in phase for element X. V leads I by for element Y while I leads V by for element Z. Identify elements X, Y and Z. (ii) Establish the expression for impedance of circuit when elements X, Y and Z are connected in series to an ac source. Show the variation of current in the circuit with the frequency of the applied ac source. (iii) In a series LCR circuit, obtain the conditions under which (i) impedance is minimum and (ii) wattless current flows in the circuit.
OR
Q.32 (b)5 marks(i) Describe the construction and working of a transformer and hence obtain the relation for in terms of number of turns of primary and secondary. (ii) Discuss four main causes of energy loss in a real transformer.- Q.33 (a)5 marks(i) A plane light wave propagating from a rarer into a denser medium, is incident at an angle i on the surface separating two media. Using Huygen's principle, draw the refracted wave and hence verify Snell's law of refraction. (ii) In a Young's double slit experiment, the slits are separated by 0.30 mm and the screen is kept 1.5 m away. The wavelength of light used is 600 nm. Calculate the distance between the central bright fringe and the 4th dark fringe.
OR
Q.33 (b)5 marks(i) Discuss briefly diffraction of light from a single slit and draw the shape of the diffraction pattern. (ii) An object is placed between the pole and the focus of a concave mirror. Using mirror formula, prove mathematically that it produces a virtual and an enlarged image.
Section A
1 mark each
- Q.11 markAn ammeter and a voltmeter are connected in series to a battery. Their readings are noted as 'A' and 'V' respectively. If a resistor is connected in parallel with the voltmeter, then
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- Q.21 markAn ac voltage is applied across an ideal inductor. The current in it
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- Q.31 markAn iron needle is kept near a strong bar magnet. It will experience
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- Q.41 markA galvanometer shows full scale deflection for a current . If a shunt of resistance is connected to the galvanometer, it gets converted into an ammeter of range . When resistance of the shunt is made , its range becomes . Then is
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- Q.51 markA coil of area of cross-section is placed in a magnetic field acting normally to its plane. The field varies as , where B is in tesla and t in seconds. The emf induced in the coil at t = 1s is
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- Q.61 markA pure Si crystal having atoms is dopped with 1 ppm concentration of antimony. If the concentration of holes in the doped crystal is found to be , the concentration (in ) of intrinsic charge carriers in Si crystal is about
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- Q.71 markThe potential energy between two nucleons inside a nucleus is minimum at a distance of about
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- Q.81 markIn a Young's double-slit experiment in air, the fringe width is found to be 0.44 mm. If the entire setup is immersed in water , the fringe width will be
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- Q.91 markThe variation of the stopping potential with the frequency of the incident radiation for four metals A, B, C and D is shown in the figure. For the same frequency of incident radiation producing photo-electrons in all metals, the kinetic energy of photo-electrons will be maximum for metal
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- Q.101 markThe energy of an electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom is eV. The kinetic and potential energy of the electron in the first excited state will be
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- Q.111 markThe electromagnetic waves used to purify water are
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- Q.121 markThe focal lengths of the objective and the eyepiece of a compound microscope are 1 cm and 2 cm respectively. If the tube length of the microscope is 10 cm, the magnification obtained by the microscope for most suitable viewing by relaxed eye is :
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- For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given – one labelled Assertion (A) and other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given below. (A) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is correct explanation of Assertion (A). (B) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (C) If Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false. (D) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.Q.131 markAssertion (A) : An alpha particle is moving towards a gold nucleus. The impact parameter is maximum for the scattering angle of 180°. Reason (R) : The impact parameter in an alpha particle scattering experiment does not depend upon the atomic number of the target nucleus.
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- Q.141 markAssertion (A) : In a Young's double-slit experiment, interference pattern is not observed when two coherent sources are infinitely close to each other. Reason (R) : The fringe width is proportional to the separation between the two sources.
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- Q.151 markAssertion (A) : Equal amount of positive and negative charges are distributed uniformly on two halves of a thin circular ring as shown in figure. The resultant electric field at the centre O of the ring is along OC. Reason (R) : It is so because the net potential at O is not zero.
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- Q.161 markAssertion (A) : The energy of a charged particle moving in a magnetic field does not change. Reason (R) : It is because the work done by the magnetic force on the charge moving in a magnetic field is zero.
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Section B
2 marks each
- Q.17 (a)2 marksFour point charges of , , and are placed at the corners A, B, C and D respectively, of a square of side 30 cm. Find the net force acting on a charge of placed at the centre of the square.
OR
Q.17 (b)2 marksThree point charges, 1 pC each, are kept at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side 10 cm. Find the net electric field at the centroid of triangle.- Q.182 marksDerive an expression for magnetic force acting on a straight conductor of length L carrying current I in an external magnetic field . Is it valid when the conductor is in zig-zag form ? Justify.
- Q.192 marksThe radius of curvature of a convex mirror is 30 cm. It forms an image of an object which is half the size of the object. Find the separation between the object and the image.
- Q.202 marksCalculate the energy released/absorbed (in MeV) in the nuclear reaction : Given :
- Q.212 marksA proton of energy 1.6 MeV approaches a gold nucleus (Z = 79). Find the distance of its closest approach.
Section C
3 marks each
- Q.223 marksA photosensitive surface of work function 2.1 eV is irradiated by radiation of wavelength 150 nm. Calculate (i) the threshold wavelength, (ii) energy (in eV) of an incident photon, and (iii) maximum kinetic energy of emitted photoelectron.
- Q.23 (a)3 marks(i) State Lenz's Law. In a closed circuit, the induced current opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it as per the law of conservation of energy. Justify. (ii) A metal rod of length 2 m is rotated with a frequency 60 rev/s about an axis passing through its centre and perpendicular to its length. A uniform magnetic field of 2T perpendicular to its plane of rotation is switched-on in the region. Calculate the e.m.f. induced between the centre and the end of the rod.
OR
Q.23 (b)3 marks(i) State and explain Ampere's circuital law. (ii) Two long straight parallel wires separated by 20 cm, carry 5 A and 10 A current respectively, in the same direction. Find the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic field at a point midway between them.- Q.243 marks(i) Define 'temperature coefficient of resistance' of a metal. (ii) Show the variation of resistivity of copper with rise in temperature. (iii) The resistance of a wire is at 27 °C. Find its resistance at °C. The temperature coefficient of resistance of the material of the wire is .
- Q.253 marksName the part of the electromagnetic spectrum which are (i) stopped by face mask worn by welders. (ii) used in detectors in Earth satellites. (iii) used in 'short-wave band' in communication. Also write the order of wavelengths, in each case.
- Q.263 marks(a) Explain the characteristics of a p-n junction diode that makes it suitable for its use as a rectifier. (b) With the help of a circuit diagram, explain the working of a full wave rectifier.
- Q.273 marksExplain the following, giving reasons : (a) A doped semiconductor is electrically neutral. (b) In a p-n junction under equilibrium, there is no net current. (c) In a diode, the reverse current is practically not dependent on the applied voltage.
- Q.283 marksAn electron moving with a velocity enters a region of uniform magnetic field . Find the radius of the circular path described by it. While rotating; does the electron trace a linear path too ? If so, calculate the linear distance covered by it during the period of one revolution.
Section D
1 mark each
- A prism is an optical medium bounded by three refracting plane surfaces. A ray of light suffers successive refractions on passing through its two surfaces and deviates by a certain angle from its original path. The refractive index of the material of the prism is given by . If the angle of incidence on the second surface is greater than an angle called critical angle, the ray will not be refracted from the second surface and is totally internally reflected.Q.29 (i)1 markThe critical angle for glass is and that for water is . The critical angle for glass-water surface would be (given , )
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- Q.29 (ii)1 markWhen a ray of light of wavelength and frequency is refracted into a denser medium
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- Q.29 (iii) (a)1 markThe critical angle for a ray of light passing from glass to water is minimum for
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OR
Q.29 (iii) (b)1 markThree beams of red, yellow and violet colours are passed through a prism, one by one under the same condition. When the prism is in the position of minimum deviation, the angles of refraction from the second surface are , and respectively. ThenTap an option to check your answer.
- Q.29 (iv)1 markA ray of light is incident normally on a prism ABC of refractive index , as shown in figure. After it strikes face AC, it will
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- Dielectrics play an important role in design of capacitors. The molecules of a dielectric may be polar or non-polar. When a dielectric slab is placed in an external electric field, opposite charges appear on the two surfaces of the slab perpendicular to electric field. Due to this an electric field is established inside the dielectric. The capacitance of a capacitor is determined by the dielectric constant of the material that fills the space between the plates. Consequently, the energy storage capacity of a capacitor is also affected. Like resistors, capacitors can also be arranged in series and/or parallel.Q.30 (i)1 markWhich of the following is a polar molecule ?
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- Q.30 (ii)1 markWhich of the following statements about dielectrics is correct ?
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- Q.30 (iii)1 markWhen a dielectric slab is inserted between the plates of an isolated charged capacitor, the energy stored in it :
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- Q.30 (iv) (a)1 markAn air-filled capacitor with plate area A and plate separation d has capacitance . A slab of dielectric constant K, area A and thickness is inserted between the plates. The capacitance of the capacitor will become
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OR
Q.30 (iv) (b)1 markTwo capacitors of capacitances and are first connected in series and then in parallel across the same battery. The ratio of energies stored in series combination to that in parallel isTap an option to check your answer.
Section E
5 marks each
- Q.31 (a)5 marks(i) A plane light wave propagating from a rarer into a denser medium, is incident at an angle i on the surface separating two media. Using Huygen's principle, draw the refracted wave and hence verify Snell's law of refraction. (ii) In a Young's double slit experiment, the slits are separated by 0.30 mm and the screen is kept 1.5 m away. The wavelength of light used is 600 nm. Calculate the distance between the central bright fringe and the 4th dark fringe.
OR
Q.31 (b)5 marks(i) Discuss briefly diffraction of light from a single slit and draw the shape of the diffraction pattern. (ii) An object is placed between the pole and the focus of a concave mirror. Using mirror formula, prove mathematically that it produces a virtual and an enlarged image.- Q.32 (a)5 marks(i) Draw equipotential surfaces for an electric dipole. (ii) Two point charges and are located at and respectively in an external electric field . Obtain an expression for the potential energy of the system. (iii) The dipole moment of a molecule is Cm. It is placed in an electric field of V/m such that its axis is along the electric field. The direction of is suddenly changed by 60° at an instant. Find the change in the potential energy of the dipole, at that instant.
OR
Q.32 (b)5 marks(i) A thin spherical shell of radius R has a uniform surface charge density . Using Gauss' law, deduce an expression for electric field (i) outside and (ii) inside the shell. (ii) Two long straight thin wires AB and CD have linear charge densities and , respectively. They are kept parallel to each other at a distance 1 m. Find magnitude and direction of the net electric field at a point midway between them.- Q.33 (a)5 marks(i) You are given three circuit elements X, Y and Z. They are connected one by one across a given ac source. It is found that V and I are in phase for element X. V leads I by for element Y while I leads V by for element Z. Identify elements X, Y and Z. (ii) Establish the expression for impedance of circuit when elements X, Y and Z are connected in series to an ac source. Show the variation of current in the circuit with the frequency of the applied ac source. (iii) In a series LCR circuit, obtain the conditions under which (i) impedance is minimum and (ii) wattless current flows in the circuit.
OR
Q.33 (b)5 marks(i) Describe the construction and working of a transformer and hence obtain the relation for in terms of number of turns of primary and secondary. (ii) Discuss four main causes of energy loss in a real transformer.
Section A
1 mark each
- Q.11 markA heater coil rated as (P, V) is cut into two equal parts. One of the parts is then connected to a battery of V volt. The power consumed by it will be
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- Q.21 markTwo insulated concentric coils, each of radius R, placed at right angles to each other, carry currents I and I respectively. The magnitude of the net magnetic field at their common centre will be
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- Q.31 markWhich of the following material has its magnetic susceptibility in the range , where is positive and small ?
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- Q.41 markA galvanometer of resistance gives full scale deflection for a current of 1.0 mA. It is converted into an ammeter of range . The resistance of the ammeter will be close to
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- Q.51 markThe mutual inductance of two coils, in a given orientation is 50 mH. If the current in one of the coils changes as A, the peak value of emf (in volt) induced in the other coil will be
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- Q.61 markThe potential energy between two nucleons inside a nucleus is minimum at a distance of about
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- Q.71 markA pure Si crystal having atoms is dopped with 1 ppm concentration of antimony. If the concentration of holes in the doped crystal is found to be , the concentration (in ) of intrinsic charge carriers in Si crystal is about
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- Q.81 markThe energy of an electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom is eV. The kinetic and potential energy of the electron in the first excited state will be
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- Q.91 markThe electromagnetic waves used to purify water are
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- Q.101 markThe variation of the stopping potential with the frequency of the incident radiation for four metals A, B, C and D is shown in the figure. For the same frequency of incident radiation producing photo-electrons in all metals, the kinetic energy of photo-electrons will be maximum for metal
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- Q.111 markThe focal lengths of the objective and the eyepiece of a compound microscope are 1 cm and 2 cm respectively. If the tube length of the microscope is 10 cm, the magnification obtained by the microscope for most suitable viewing by relaxed eye is :
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- Q.121 markA point object is kept 60 cm in front of a spherical convex surface (n = 1.5, radius of curvature 40 cm). The image formed is
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- For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given – one labelled Assertion (A) and other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given below. (A) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is correct explanation of Assertion (A). (B) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (C) If Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false. (D) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.Q.131 markAssertion (A) : In a Young's double-slit experiment, interference pattern is not observed when two coherent sources are infinitely close to each other. Reason (R) : The fringe width is proportional to the separation between the two sources.
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- Q.141 markAssertion (A) : An alpha particle is moving towards a gold nucleus. The impact parameter is maximum for the scattering angle of 180°. Reason (R) : The impact parameter in an alpha particle scattering experiment does not depend upon the atomic number of the target nucleus.
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- Q.151 markAssertion (A) : Equal amount of positive and negative charges are distributed uniformly on two halves of a thin circular ring as shown in figure. The resultant electric field at the centre O of the ring is along OC. Reason (R) : It is so because the net potential at O is not zero.
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- Q.161 markAssertion (A) : The energy of a charged particle moving in a magnetic field does not change. Reason (R) : It is because the work done by the magnetic force on the charge moving in a magnetic field is zero.
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Section B
2 marks each
- Q.172 marksDerive an expression for magnetic force acting on a straight conductor of length L carrying current I in an external magnetic field . Is it valid when the conductor is in zig-zag form ? Justify.
- Q.18 (a)2 marksFour point charges of , , and are placed at the corners A, B, C and D respectively, of a square of side 30 cm. Find the net force acting on a charge of placed at the centre of the square.
OR
Q.18 (b)2 marksThree point charges, 1 pC each, are kept at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side 10 cm. Find the net electric field at the centroid of triangle.- Q.192 marksA thin converging lens of focal length 10 cm is placed coaxially in contact with a thin diverging lens of focal length 15 cm. How will the combination behave ? Justify your answer.
- Q.202 marksDeuterium undergoes the following fusion reaction : How long an electric bulb of 200 W will glow by using the energy released in 2 g of deuterium ?
- Q.212 marksThe electron in hydrogen atom is revolving with the speed of m/s in an orbit of radius 0.53 Å. Calculate the initial frequency of light emitted by the electron using classical physics.
Section C
3 marks each
- Q.22 (a)3 marks(i) State Lenz's Law. In a closed circuit, the induced current opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it as per the law of conservation of energy. Justify. (ii) A metal rod of length 2 m is rotated with a frequency 60 rev/s about an axis passing through its centre and perpendicular to its length. A uniform magnetic field of 2T perpendicular to its plane of rotation is switched-on in the region. Calculate the e.m.f. induced between the centre and the end of the rod.
OR
Q.22 (b)3 marks(i) State and explain Ampere's circuital law. (ii) Two long straight parallel wires separated by 20 cm, carry 5 A and 10 A current respectively, in the same direction. Find the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic field at a point midway between them.- Q.233 marksThe threshold frequency for a metal is Hz. A beam of frequency Hz is incident on the metal. Calculate (i) the work function (in eV) of the metal and (ii) the maximum speed of photoelectrons.
- Q.243 marks(a) Name the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum which are (i) also known as 'heat waves' and (ii) absorbed by ozone layer in the atmosphere. (b) Write briefly one method each, of the production and detection of these radiations.
- Q.253 marks(a) Explain the characteristics of a p-n junction diode that makes it suitable for its use as a rectifier. (b) With the help of a circuit diagram, explain the working of a full wave rectifier.
- Q.263 marksExplain the following, giving reasons : (a) A doped semiconductor is electrically neutral. (b) In a p-n junction under equilibrium, there is no net current. (c) In a diode, the reverse current is practically not dependent on the applied voltage.
- Q.273 marksAn electron is moving with a velocity . It enters a region of magnetic field . (a) Calculate the magnetic force acting on electron and the radius of its path. (b) Trace the path described by it.
- Q.283 marksA potential difference of 1.0 V is applied across a conductor of length 5.0 m and area of cross-section . When current of 4.25 A is passed through the conductor, calculate (i) the drift speed and (ii) relaxation time, of electrons. (Given number density of electrons in the conductor, ).
Section D
1 mark each
- A prism is an optical medium bounded by three refracting plane surfaces. A ray of light suffers successive refractions on passing through its two surfaces and deviates by a certain angle from its original path. The refractive index of the material of the prism is given by . If the angle of incidence on the second surface is greater than an angle called critical angle, the ray will not be refracted from the second surface and is totally internally reflected.Q.29 (i)1 markThe critical angle for glass is and that for water is . The critical angle for glass-water surface would be (given , )
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- Q.29 (ii)1 markWhen a ray of light of wavelength and frequency is refracted into a denser medium
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- Q.29 (iii) (a)1 markThe critical angle for a ray of light passing from glass to water is minimum for
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OR
Q.29 (iii) (b)1 markThree beams of red, yellow and violet colours are passed through a prism, one by one under the same condition. When the prism is in the position of minimum deviation, the angles of refraction from the second surface are , and respectively. ThenTap an option to check your answer.
- Q.29 (iv)1 markA ray of light is incident normally on a prism ABC of refractive index , as shown in figure. After it strikes face AC, it will
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- Dielectrics play an important role in design of capacitors. The molecules of a dielectric may be polar or non-polar. When a dielectric slab is placed in an external electric field, opposite charges appear on the two surfaces of the slab perpendicular to electric field. Due to this an electric field is established inside the dielectric. The capacitance of a capacitor is determined by the dielectric constant of the material that fills the space between the plates. Consequently, the energy storage capacity of a capacitor is also affected. Like resistors, capacitors can also be arranged in series and/or parallel.Q.30 (i)1 markWhich of the following is a polar molecule ?
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- Q.30 (ii)1 markWhich of the following statements about dielectrics is correct ?
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- Q.30 (iii)1 markWhen a dielectric slab is inserted between the plates of an isolated charged capacitor, the energy stored in it :
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- Q.30 (iv) (a)1 markAn air-filled capacitor with plate area A and plate separation d has capacitance . A slab of dielectric constant K, area A and thickness is inserted between the plates. The capacitance of the capacitor will become
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Q.30 (iv) (b)1 markTwo capacitors of capacitances and are first connected in series and then in parallel across the same battery. The ratio of energies stored in series combination to that in parallel isTap an option to check your answer.
Section E
5 marks each
- Q.31 (a)5 marks(i) You are given three circuit elements X, Y and Z. They are connected one by one across a given ac source. It is found that V and I are in phase for element X. V leads I by for element Y while I leads V by for element Z. Identify elements X, Y and Z. (ii) Establish the expression for impedance of circuit when elements X, Y and Z are connected in series to an ac source. Show the variation of current in the circuit with the frequency of the applied ac source. (iii) In a series LCR circuit, obtain the conditions under which (i) impedance is minimum and (ii) wattless current flows in the circuit.
OR
Q.31 (b)5 marks(i) Describe the construction and working of a transformer and hence obtain the relation for in terms of number of turns of primary and secondary. (ii) Discuss four main causes of energy loss in a real transformer.- Q.32 (a)5 marks(i) A plane light wave propagating from a rarer into a denser medium, is incident at an angle i on the surface separating two media. Using Huygen's principle, draw the refracted wave and hence verify Snell's law of refraction. (ii) In a Young's double slit experiment, the slits are separated by 0.30 mm and the screen is kept 1.5 m away. The wavelength of light used is 600 nm. Calculate the distance between the central bright fringe and the 4th dark fringe.
OR
Q.32 (b)5 marks(i) Discuss briefly diffraction of light from a single slit and draw the shape of the diffraction pattern. (ii) An object is placed between the pole and the focus of a concave mirror. Using mirror formula, prove mathematically that it produces a virtual and an enlarged image.- Q.33 (a)5 marks(i) Draw equipotential surfaces for an electric dipole. (ii) Two point charges and are located at and respectively in an external electric field . Obtain an expression for the potential energy of the system. (iii) The dipole moment of a molecule is Cm. It is placed in an electric field of V/m such that its axis is along the electric field. The direction of is suddenly changed by 60° at an instant. Find the change in the potential energy of the dipole, at that instant.
OR
Q.33 (b)5 marks(i) A thin spherical shell of radius R has a uniform surface charge density . Using Gauss' law, deduce an expression for electric field (i) outside and (ii) inside the shell. (ii) Two long straight thin wires AB and CD have linear charge densities and , respectively. They are kept parallel to each other at a distance 1 m. Find magnitude and direction of the net electric field at a point midway between them.