Maharashtra HSC Class 12 Biology June 2026 question paper

Maximum marks 70 · Time 3 hours

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Section A

1 mark each

Q.1 (i)1 mark $The microorganism used for production of beverages like wine, whisky, etc. is _____.$
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Q.1 (ii)1 mark $Which of the following is NOT a Day Neutral Plant (DNP)?$
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Q.1 (iii)1 mark $When food is translocated from phloem to pith, it is called _____ translocation.$
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Q.1 (iv)1 mark $Extinction of a host fish leads to extinction of unique parasites of it. This is an example of ________ .$
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Q.1 (v)1 mark $Flavr savr tomato is genetically modified variety for improving _____.$
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Q.1 (vi)1 mark $A petridish containing nutrient medium shows tremendous increase in number of bacteria in short time. It is _____ growth.$
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Q.1 (vii)1 mark $Weight loss, increased BMR and protruding eyeballs are the characteristics of _______.$
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Q.1 (viii)1 mark $Charas and ganja are different products obtained from ______.$
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Q.1 (ix)1 mark $Select the analogous organs.$
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Q.1 (x)1 mark $Which one of the following is an example of primary succession?$
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Q.2 (i)1 mark $How many meiotic divisions are required to produce 80 male gametes in Angiosperms?$
Q.2 (ii)1 mark $Which biological tool in rDNA technology is also called molecular scissors?$
Q.2 (iii)1 mark $When turgor pressure is equal to wall pressure of a turgid cell, then what would be the diffusion pressure deficit?$
Q.2 (iv)1 mark $What are Long Day Plants (LDP)?$
Q.2 (v)1 mark $Which part of human brain is responsible for maintaining body balance?$
Q.2 (vi)1 mark $What is the approximate volume of blood pumped out during one cardiac cycle in adult human?$
Q.2 (vii)1 mark $Name the milk secreted by mammary gland soon after parturition.$
Q.2 (viii)1 mark $Name the causative agent of typhoid.$

Section B

2 marks each · attempt any 8

Q.32 marks $Give the properties of water.$
Q.42 marks $Mention the characteristics of plasmids which make it a good vector.$
Q.52 marks $Sketch and label the structure of antibody.$
Q.62 marks $Match the crop and its hybrid variety and rewrite the following : Column I Column II Crop Hybrid Variety (i) Rice (1) Ganga-3 (ii) Maize (2) Niphad (iii) Jowar (3) Ratna (iv) Bajra (4) CO-12$
Q.72 marks $Identify the labels-A, B, C and D in the given diagram.$
Q.82 marks $Considering Griffith experiment, answer the following. (a) Name the bacterium used. (b) Write conclusion of the experiment.$
Q.92 marks $Write a note on Angina-Pectoris.$
Q.102 marks $Explain the term plasticity.$
Q.112 marks $Sketch and label the Graafian follicle showing theca externa, antrum and corona radiata.$
Q.122 marks $Give the skeletal features of Homo erectus .$
Q.132 marks $Enlist the names of VI, VII, VIII and IX cranial nerves.$
Q.142 marks $With the help of graphical representation explain sex determination in honey-bees.$

	Column I		Column II
	Crop		Hybrid Variety
(i)	Rice	(1)	Ganga-3
(ii)	Maize	(2)	Niphad
(iii)	Jowar	(3)	Ratna
(iv)	Bajra	(4)	CO-12

Section C

3 marks each · attempt any 8

Q.153 marks $Write any three characters each of Archaeopteryx showing Reptilian and Avian features.$
Q.163 marks $Give an account of cutting and grafting as vegetative reproduction methods.$
Q.173 marks $Explain leaching, humification and mineralization as the steps of decomposition process.$
Q.183 marks $Describe commensalism giving two examples.$
Q.193 marks $With the help of a labelled diagram, describe the structure of root-hair.$
Q.203 marks $(a) Write a note on meninges of central nervous system in human being. (b) Give functions of cerebrospinal fluid.$
Q.213 marks $(a) Enlist any four mineral deficiency symptoms seen in plants. (b) Give the function of molybdenum as mineral nutrient.$

Q.223 marks

Match the following from Column-A and Column-B. Write the correct pairs. Column A Column B (i) Anaemia (1) Platelet derived growth factor (ii) Atherosclerosis (2) Relaxin (iii) Parturition (3) Insulin (iv) Blood clots (4) Erythropoietin (v) Cancer (5) Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) (vi) Diabetes (6) Interferons, tumour necrosis factor interleukins

Q.233 marks $Write a note on in situ conservation of biodiversity.$
Q.243 marks $Explain the phase of menstrual cycle which occurs after ovulation.$
Q.253 marks $Differentiate between inspiration and expiration during breathing process.$
Q.263 marks $(a) Give the composition of biogas. (b) Enlist the benefits of biogas.$

	Column A		Column B
(i)	Anaemia	(1)	Platelet derived growth factor
(ii)	Atherosclerosis	(2)	Relaxin
(iii)	Parturition	(3)	Insulin
(iv)	Blood clots	(4)	Erythropoietin
(v)	Cancer	(5)	Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA)
(vi)	Diabetes	(6)	Interferons, tumour necrosis factor interleukins

Section D

4 marks each · attempt any 3

Q.274 marks $Give location and function of any four valves present in human heart.$
Q.284 marks $Identify A, B, C and D parts in the given diagram of an Angiospermic ovule and give the fate of each part after fertilization:$
Q.294 marks $Give an account of different functional areas of cerebrum.$
Q.304 marks $2n-2$
Q.314 marks $(a) What is DNA profiling? (b) Arrange the following steps of DNA profiling in correct sequence: (i) Selection of DNA probe (ii) Isolation of DNA (iii) Gel electrophoresis (iv) Hybridization (v) Southern blotting (vi) Restriction digestion$

	A		B
(i)	Monosomy	(1)	_____
(ii)	_____	(2)	$2n-2$
(iii)	Trisomy	(3)	_____
(iv)	_____	(4)	$2n+2$