Maharashtra HSC Class 12 Geography June 2024 question paper with answers

Q.1 (A)

1 mark each

Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C' :

No.	'A'	'B'	'C'
(1)	Consumer goods	(a) Physical geography	(h) Commercial area
(2)	Geography	(b) International	(i) Climatology
(3)	Migration	(c) Industrial area	(j) Pharmaceuticals
(4)	Formal region	(d) Distinct boundaries	(k) India to Australia
(5)	Urban land use	(e) Ready for direct consumption	(l) State
		(f) Current fallow	(m) Automobiles

Q.1 (A) (1)1 mark

Consumer goods

Q.1 (A) (2)1 mark $Geography$
Q.1 (A) (3)1 mark $Migration$
Q.1 (A) (4)1 mark $Formal region$
Q.1 (A) (5)1 mark $Urban land use$

Q.1 (B)

1 mark each

Choose the correct option by identifying the correct co-relation between the assertion and reason : (A : Assertion R : Reason)
Q.1 (B) (1)1 mark $A : Increase in dependency ratio will affect the economy. R : Medical costs are high when there are more elderly in the population.$
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Q.1 (B) (2)1 mark $A : When cities grow, their functions also grow. R : Cities have only one function.$
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Q.1 (B) (3)1 mark $A : Diversity is found in industrial production in India. R : India is predominantly agrarian country.$
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Q.1 (B) (4)1 mark $A : Population and regional development are closely interrelated. R : Population influences development of region.$
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Q.1 (B) (5)1 mark $A : Knowledge of computers is now an added skill that a geographer requires. R : Computer apps are not used in geography.$
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Q.1 (C)

1 mark each

Identify and write the incorrect factor :
Q.1 (C) (1)1 mark $Population composition : (a) Age structure (b) Sex-ratio (c) Relief (d) Occupational structure$
Q.1 (C) (2)1 mark $Types of settlements on the basis of spacing between the houses _____. (a) Compact settlement (b) Dispersed settlement (c) Isolated settlement (d) Regional settlement$
Q.1 (C) (3)1 mark $Industries based on ownership : (a) Ancillary sector (b) Public sector (c) Private sector (d) Co-operative sector$
Q.1 (C) (4)1 mark $Indicators of regional development _____. (a) Literacy (b) Language (c) Life expectancy (d) Quality of population$
Q.1 (C) (5)1 mark $Scholars of geography : (A) Hecataeus (B) Ptolemy (C) Shakespeare (D) Strabo$

Q.1 (D)

1 mark each

Identify whether the following statements are true or false :
Q.1 (D) (1)1 mark $Migration affects the distribution and density of population.$
Q.1 (D) (2)1 mark $Man is not a social animal.$
Q.1 (D) (3)1 mark $Bakery industries are not located near the markets.$
Q.1 (D) (4)1 mark $Tertiary activities include only services.$
Q.1 (D) (5)1 mark $Regions can be very small or very large.$

Q.2

3 marks each · attempt any 4

Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :
Q.2 (1)3 marks $Mountainous regions are sparsely populated.$
Q.2 (2)3 marks $Rural to urban migration is increasing.$
Q.2 (3)3 marks $The suburbs near main cities are rapidly developing.$
Q.2 (4)3 marks $Industrial growth is limited in South America.$
Q.2 (5)3 marks $The use of airways as means of transportation is increasing.$
Q.2 (6)3 marks $Illiteracy and poverty affect the regional development.$

Q.3

3 marks each · attempt any 3

Distinguish between (Any THREE) :
Q.3 (1)3 marks $Triangular settlement and Circular settlement.$
Q.3 (2)3 marks $Expansive pyramid and Constrictive pyramid.$
Q.3 (3)3 marks $Crude birth rate and Crude death rate.$
Q.3 (4)3 marks $Large-scale industries and Cottage industries.$
Q.3 (5)3 marks $Human geography and Physical geography.$

Q.4 (A)

1 mark each · attempt any 6

Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q.4 (A) (1)1 mark $Country having the highest poulation in the World.$
Q.4 (A) (2)1 mark $Mega city on the western coast of India.$
Q.4 (A) (3)1 mark $Country having the highest life expectancy in Asia.$
Q.4 (A) (4)1 mark $Grassland in the U.S.A.$
Q.4 (A) (5)1 mark $Major industrial country in Northern part of South America.$
Q.4 (A) (6)1 mark $Canal connecting Asia, Europe and Africa continents.$
Q.4 (A) (7)1 mark $Largest desert in Africa.$
Q.4 (A) (8)1 mark $Sparsely populated snow covered island in North Atlantic ocean.$

Q.4 (B)

1 mark each

Read the following map and answer the questions given below : The map is titled 'World - Major transportation routes'. Its index marks Canal, Sea port / Harbour, Airport, Railway terminal, Water ways, Airways and Railways. Places named on it include, in North America: Vancouver, Montreal, Halifax, Boston, New York, Washington DC, San Francisco, Los Angeles, New Orleans, Houston and Panama; in South America: Callo, Suape, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires and Valaparaiso; in Europe: London, Kiel, Hamburg, Antwerp, Moscow, Rome, Istanbul and Gibraltar; in Africa: Suez, Johannesburg and Cape of Good hope; in Asia: Dubai, Karachi, Delhi, Mumbai, Kochi, Colombo, Bangkok, Singapore, Klang, Hongkong, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Grand canal, Seoul, Tokyo, Yokohama, Vladivostok, Khabarovsk, Novosibisk and Ulan-Ude; and in Australia: Perth, Adelaide, Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne and Auckland. A railway line runs across Asia from Moscow through Novosibisk and Ulan-Ude to Khabarovsk and Vladivostok. Antarctica is shown but carries no route or symbol of any kind.
Q.4 (B) (1)1 mark $Which is the major international airport in the Europe?$
Q.4 (B) (2)1 mark $Which rail route connects two continents in the given map?$
Q.4 (B) (3)1 mark $Which continent does not have any permanent means of transportation?$
Q.4 (B) (4)1 mark $Which canal connects Pacific ocean and Atlantic ocean?$
Q.4 (B) (5)1 mark $Name the international airport in Africa.$

Q.5

4 marks each · attempt any 3

Write short notes on (Any THREE) :
Q.5 (1)4 marks $Shifting agriculture.$
Q.5 (2)4 marks $Classification of industries based on the source of raw materials.$
Q.5 (3)4 marks $Means of communication and their importance.$
Q.5 (4)4 marks $Causes of regional imbalances in India.$
Q.5 (5)4 marks $Latest trends in geography.$

Q.6 (A)

1 mark each

Read the following passage and answer the questions given below : Mining - Use of minerals Man has been using minerals since ancient times. Minerals have been used for making weapons, tools, jewellery, medicines, utensils, etc. The various stages of cultural evolution of man are also related to the use of minerals. At the end of the Stone Age, man developed skills of using minerals. Various periods like the Copper Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Atomic Age respectively were delineated accordingly. Man has even started exploiting the mineral oil and natural gas reserves from the sea and ocean beds too. Man cannot manufacture the minerals that are found naturally in the earth's crust. The distribution of minerals is highly uneven in the world. The activity depends solely on the availability of minerals and not related to latitude directly. Even though the minerals may be present, actual mining depends on several factors such as the geology of the region, the value of minerals, climate, capital investment, technology, skilled labour, etc. Due to mechanisation, this occupation has developed on a large scale.
Q.6 (A) (1)1 mark $What kind of minerals are exploited by man from sea and ocean beds?$
Q.6 (A) (2)1 mark $Why have humans been using minerals since ancient times?$
Q.6 (A) (3)1 mark $What is the reason for large scale development of mining activity?$
Q.6 (A) (4)1 mark $Why the mining activity is not related to latitude directly?$

Q.6 (B)

2 marks each · attempt any 2

Draw neat and labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :
Q.6 (B) (1)2 marks $Provision of public goods and services to minimize regional imbalance.$
Q.6 (B) (2)2 marks $First and second stages of Demographic Transition Theory.$
Q.6 (B) (3)2 marks $Classification of industries on the basis of capital investment.$

Q.7

8 marks each · attempt any 1

Answer the following questions in detail (Any ONE) :
Q.7 (1)8 marks $Explain the human factors affecting distribution of population. Give suitable examples.$
Q.7 (2)8 marks $What is primary economic activity? Explain the types of primary economic activities.$