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Maharashtra HSC Class 12 Geography March 2024 question paper

Maximum marks 80 · Time 3 hours

Try each question first, then open its model answer. Where the paper offers a choice, both questions are shown with OR between them.

Q.1 (A)

1 mark each

  1. Complete the chain and rewrite in your answer paper :
    No.'A''B''C'
    (1)Consumer goods(e) Atlantic ocean(m) Pharmaceutical product
    (2)Panama canal(f) Fertile region(n) Ecological balance
    (3)Plain(g) Ready for direct consumption(o) Development of Agriculture
    (4)Food chain(h) Short term(p) Pacific ocean
    (5)Migration(i) Ecosystem(r) Arabian sea
    (j) Indian ocean(s) Long term
    Q.1 (A) (1)1 mark
    Consumer goods
  2. Q.1 (A) (2)1 mark
    Panama canal
  3. Q.1 (A) (3)1 mark
    Plain
  4. Q.1 (A) (4)1 mark
    Food chain
  5. Q.1 (A) (5)1 mark
    Migration

Q.1 (B)

1 mark each

  1. Write True or False :
    Q.1 (B) (1)1 mark
    Land use patterns in rural areas are different from urban area.
  2. Q.1 (B) (2)1 mark
    The farm size is small in extensive commerical agriculture.
  3. Q.1 (B) (3)1 mark
    Iron and steel industry depends on minerals.
  4. Q.1 (B) (4)1 mark
    Bilateral trade and multilateral trade are the main types of international trade.
  5. Q.1 (B) (5)1 mark
    Nowadays mapping is mostly done using GIS softwares.

Q.1 (C)

1 mark each

  1. Choose the correct option and complete the sentences :
    Q.1 (C) (1)1 mark
    Reasons of migration :

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  2. Q.1 (C) (2)1 mark
    Commercial lumbering is mainly carried in ____.

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  3. Q.1 (C) (3)1 mark
    Identify the agro-based industries :

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  4. Q.1 (C) (4)1 mark
    Functional region :

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  5. Q.1 (C) (5)1 mark
    Which is an encylopaedia of geographer's knowledge consisting of 17 volumes :

    Tap an option to check your answer.

Q.1 (D)

1 mark each

  1. Identify incorrect factor :
    Q.1 (D) (1)1 mark
    Primary economic activity factor which is not related directly to latitude : (a) Lumbering (b) Fishing (c) Mining (d) Agriculture
  2. Q.1 (D) (2)1 mark
    Mineral based industries : (a) Petrochemicals (b) Iron and steel industry (c) Woollen textile industry (d) Aluminium industry
  3. Q.1 (D) (3)1 mark
    Characteristics of region : (a) Location (b) Geographical extent (c) Political party (d) Boundaries
  4. Q.1 (D) (4)1 mark
    Skills of geographers : (a) Data collection (b) Conservation of forest (c) Write reports and presents the findings (d) Map drawing
  5. Q.1 (D) (5)1 mark
    Branches of physical geography : (a) Geology (b) Pedology (c) Climatology (d) Population geography

Q.2

3 marks each · attempt any 4

  1. Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :
    Q.2 (1)3 marks
    Population distribution is uneven.
  2. Q.2 (2)3 marks
    Literacy rate of country is an indicator of its socio-economic development.
  3. Q.2 (3)3 marks
    Lumbering is developed on a large scale in Canada.
  4. Q.2 (4)3 marks
    There are many factors which have hindered the growth of industries in South America.
  5. Q.2 (5)3 marks
    Tertiary economic activities include both services and exchange.
  6. Q.2 (6)3 marks
    Regional development is dependent on physical setting.

Q.3

3 marks each · attempt any 3

  1. Differentiate between (Any THREE) :
    Q.3 (1)3 marks
    Donor region and Recipient region.
  2. Q.3 (2)3 marks
    Nucleated and Dispersed settlement.
  3. Q.3 (3)3 marks
    Mining and Fishing.
  4. Q.3 (4)3 marks
    Waterways and Airways.
  5. Q.3 (5)3 marks
    Physical region and Political region.

Q.4 (A)

1 mark each · attempt any 6

  1. Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
    Q.4 (A) (1)1 mark
    Highly populated area in Australia.
  2. Q.4 (A) (2)1 mark
    A state having highest sex ratio in India.
  3. Q.4 (A) (3)1 mark
    Dogger Bank Fishing area.
  4. Q.4 (A) (4)1 mark
    An industrial region in South Africa - Kimberley.
  5. Q.4 (A) (5)1 mark
    Industrial region near Great Lakes.
  6. Q.4 (A) (6)1 mark
    A canal bringing radical change in sea transport - Suez canal.
  7. Q.4 (A) (7)1 mark
    An International Airport in India - Mumbai.
  8. Q.4 (A) (8)1 mark
    Panama Strait.

Q.4 (B)

1 mark each

  1. Read the following map/graphs and answer the questions given below : The bar graph is titled 'ADULT LITERACY RATE 2016'. Each region has a pair of horizontal bars, M for male and F for female, read against a scale of 0 to 100%.
    RegionMale (%)Female (%)
    N. Africa and W. Asia8574
    S. Asia8063
    Sub-Saharan Africa7257
    Q.4 (B) (1)1 mark
    Which region has very less adult female literacy rate?
  2. Q.4 (B) (2)1 mark
    Why the percentage of adult male literacy rate is more in the given regions?
  3. Q.4 (B) (3)1 mark
    Why the percentage of female-male literacy rate in 2016 is less in sub-Saharan Africa?
  4. Q.4 (B) (4)1 mark
    Write your own opinion about the adult female literacy rate with reference to graph.
  5. Q.4 (B) (5)1 mark
    With reference to graph which country would be advanced in social factors?

Q.5

4 marks each · attempt any 3

  1. Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
    Q.5 (1)4 marks
    Functional classification of urban settlement
  2. Q.5 (2)4 marks
    Foot loose industries
  3. Q.5 (3)4 marks
    Role of transportation in trade
  4. Q.5 (4)4 marks
    Strategies to reduce regional imbalance in India
  5. Q.5 (5)4 marks
    Latest trends in Geography.

Q.6 (A)

1 mark each

  1. Read the following passage and answer the questions given below : Economic motivation is universally and easily available nowadays. It can be given in all sectors. In production sectors more than one such stimulators are used to increase production. Workers and capitalists should work more enthusiastically to increase the production. For that incentive is very useful for such purpose. Desire of power, fame, honest intention of serving, patriotism, such encouragements also motivate human beings to work. These all sources of motivation are mixed more or less in ethical standards of work. Economic motivation is very important motivation. There can be various types of economic motivations. Bonus is given to the workers for the task which is done before deadlines. Sample tasks are considered in the context of the task. Extra allowances or remuneration is given if the production is more than expected and quality is also maintained. This is done so that dissatisfaction does not arise among workers. Such efforts are constantly needed to increase production. The workers can work enthusiastically if the special allowances or incentives are offered. Promotion in job is offerred as an encouragement to do good work is also a kind of economic incentive which is commonly used.
    Q.6 (A) (1)1 mark
    What is meant by economic motivation?
  2. Q.6 (A) (2)1 mark
    What is the purpose of increasing the production for capitalists?
  3. Q.6 (A) (3)1 mark
    Why special remuneration (bonus) is given?
  4. Q.6 (A) (4)1 mark
    Compare the skilled and unskilled workers in the secondary economic activity.

Q.6 (B)

2 marks each · attempt any 2

  1. Draw neat, labelled diagrams (Any TWO) :
    Q.6 (B) (1)2 marks
    Pyramids of underdeveloping countries.
  2. Q.6 (B) (2)2 marks
    Linear pattern.
  3. Q.6 (B) (3)2 marks
    Skills of a Geographer.

Q.7

8 marks each · attempt any 1

  1. Answer the following questions in detail (Any ONE) :
    Q.7 (1)8 marks
    Explain the human factors affecting distribution of population.
  2. Q.7 (2)8 marks
    Explain intensive subsistence agriculture in detail.