Maharashtra HSC Class 12 Geography March 2025 question paper with answers

Q.1 (A)

1 mark each

Complete the chain and rewrite in your answer paper :

No.	'A'	'B'	'C'
(1)	Amazon River basin	(1) Manufacturing Activities	(1) Tata Iron and Steel Industries.
(2)	Constrictive Pyramid	(2) Commercial cattle rearing	(2) Low population density.
(3)	Industrial Region	(3) Individual	(3) Low birth rate and least death rate.
(4)	Pampas Grassland	(4) Dense equatorial Forest	(4) South America
(5)	Private	(5) More old age Population	(5) Availability of Employment

Q.1 (A) (1)1 mark

Amazon River basin

Q.1 (B)

1 mark each

Do as directed: Choose the correct option and write.
Q.1 (B) (1)1 mark $Appalachian mountain region of U.S.A has dense population because-$
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Q.1 (B) (2)1 mark $Ideal location for fishing .$
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Q.1 (B) (3)1 mark $In USA, industrial areas are found in North-Eastern region.$
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Q.1 (B) (4)1 mark $Choose one subregion in northern plain region of India.$
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Q.1 (B) (5)1 mark $Major physical factor which affects regional development.$
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Q.1 (C)

1 mark each

Identify the correct co-relation in the given statements and write : A : Assertion R : Reasoning
Q.1 (C) (1)1 mark $A : Hardwood trees are found in equatorial evergreen Forest. R : Lumbering is not developed on a commercial level in equatorial regions.$
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Q.1 (C) (2)1 mark $A : In India, industrial areas are found concentrated in few regions. R : India is agricultural country.$
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Q.1 (C) (3)1 mark $A : In tertiary occupation, there is no derivation from the nature. R : It provides only services so it is known as service sector$
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Q.1 (C) (4)1 mark $A : Each formal regions have distinct boundaries which make them easy to identify. R : Region is bounded by economic activities.$
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Q.1 (C) (5)1 mark $A : Physical or human factors are not static but highly dynamic. They change over time. R : The earth is dynamic. We find there are variations in its physical and cultural environments.$
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Q.1 (D)

1 mark each

Identify the incorrect factor and write it :
Q.1 (D) (1)1 mark $Densely populated region due to mineral deposits - (a) Gold mine region of Australian desert. (b) Mineral oil region of South West Asia. (c) Mineral producing Chhota Nagpur region of India. (d) Prairie grassland region in North America.$
Q.1 (D) (2)1 mark $Primary occupations depending upon natural resources - (a) Agriculture (b) Hunting (c) Motor industry (d) Lumbering$
Q.1 (D) (3)1 mark $Footloose industries : (a) Cement industries (b) Clock making industries (c) Diamond cutting industries (d) Hairpin making industries$
Q.1 (D) (4)1 mark $Permanent Human Settlements are not found in Antarctica. (a) Very cool climate (b) Fertile soil (c) Frozen land (d) Long winter$
Q.1 (D) (5)1 mark $Factors studied in physical geography (a) Atmospheric factors (b) Relief (c) Lakes (d) Transport$

Q.2

3 marks each · attempt any 4

Give geographical reasons (Any FOUR) :
Q.2 (1)3 marks $Literacy rate is the indicator of economic and social development of the country.$
Q.2 (2)3 marks $Agriculture is practised on a large scale in India.$
Q.2 (3)3 marks $Distribution of industries is uneven.$
Q.2 (4)3 marks $Industrial development is not found in Central Australia.$
Q.2 (5)3 marks $Factors like illiteracy, poverty affects the regional development.$
Q.2 (6)3 marks $Nature of Geography is dualistic.$

Q.3

3 marks each · attempt any 3

Q.4 (A)

1 mark each · attempt any 6

Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (Any SIX) :
Q.4 (A) (1)1 mark $Thinly populated region of South America.$
Q.4 (A) (2)1 mark $Show an African Country in second phase of demographic transition.$
Q.4 (A) (3)1 mark $Major administrative city in Maharashtra.$
Q.4 (A) (4)1 mark $Area of animal husbandry in Australia.$
Q.4 (A) (5)1 mark $Leading country of Asia in Fishing.$
Q.4 (A) (6)1 mark $Cape of Good Hope waterways$
Q.4 (A) (7)1 mark $Nile River basin$
Q.4 (A) (8)1 mark $Siberian plateau$

Q.4 (B)

1 mark each

Read the following map/graphs and answer the questions given below : The bar graph is titled 'INDIA : Occupational Structure (Primary Service Sector)', drawn to a scale of 1 cm = 10%. Its index carries two bars, Cultivator and Agricultural Labours. Percentage runs up the Y-axis from 0 to 60 and the census years run along the X-axis.
Year Cultivator (%) Agricultural Labours (%)
1951 50 20
1961 53 17
1971 43 26
1981 42 25
1991 28 18
Q.4 (B) (1)1 mark $What is shown in the above graph?$
Q.4 (B) (2)1 mark $Which decade has maximum percentages of cultivators?$
Q.4 (B) (3)1 mark $Which decade has minimum percentages of agricultural labourers?$
Q.4 (B) (4)1 mark $In present graph, which factor have maximum percentages in every decade?$
Q.4 (B) (5)1 mark $In 1971 what is the percentage of cultivators and agricultural labour?$

Q.5

4 marks each · attempt any 3

Write short notes on the following (Any THREE) :
Q.5 (1)4 marks $Correlation between birth rate and death rate$
Q.5 (2)4 marks $Mixed land use$
Q.5 (3)4 marks $Hunting and loss of ecosystem$
Q.5 (4)4 marks $Role of transportation in industries.$
Q.5 (5)4 marks $Importance of satellites as means of communication.$

Q.6 (A)

1 mark each

Read the following passage and answer the questions given below : Considering the latitudinal distribution of animal husbandry in the world, it is located between 30°N to 60°N and 30°S to 55°S latitudes. Climate is one of the most influencing factors in the development of animal husbandry. It is more developed in the Northern Hemisphere. Presence of grasslands in Australia and North and South America has led to distribution of this occupation. But, this occupation is influenced by advanced technology market and availability of large estates. It has developed on a commercial basis in North America, South America and Australia. The animal husbandry in North and South America is carried out with the help of advanced technology on a commercial scale. Dense forests, inhospitable climate, low quality fodder in equatorial region has discouraged the development of animal husbandry in these regions.
Q.6 (A) (1)1 mark $In which latitude, world distribution of animal husbandry is found?$
Q.6 (A) (2)1 mark $Which hemisphere has maximum development of animal husbandry?$
Q.6 (A) (3)1 mark $Which factor affects animal husbandry in Australia and South and North America continents?$
Q.6 (A) (4)1 mark $Which continents have maximum mechanization of animal husbandry in the world?$

Q.6 (B)

2 marks each · attempt any 2

Draw neat, labelled diagrams ( Any TWO) :
Q.6 (B) (1)2 marks $Stationary Pyramid$
Q.6 (B) (2)2 marks $Circular Settlement$
Q.6 (B) (3)2 marks $Relationship of Geography with other subjects$

Q.7

8 marks each · attempt any 1

Answer the following questions in detail (Any ONE) :
Q.7 (1)8 marks $Explain the human factors affecting distribution of population.$
Q.7 (2)8 marks $Explain the factors affecting trade.$