PYQ Vault

Maharashtra HSC Class 12 Physics February 2023 question paper

Maximum marks 70 · Time 3 hours

Try each question first, then open its model answer. Where the paper offers a choice, both questions are shown with OR between them.

Section A

1 mark each

  1. Q.1 (i)1 mark
    If 'n' is the number of molecules per unit volume and 'd' is the diameter of the molecules, the mean free path λ\lambda of molecules is

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  2. Q.1 (ii)1 mark
    The first law of thermodynamics is consistent with the law of conservation of _______.

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  3. Q.1 (iii)1 mark
    Y=A+B‾Y = \overline{A + B} is the Boolean expression for _______.

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  4. Q.1 (iv)1 mark
    The property of light which remains unchanged when it travels from one medium to another is ________.

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  5. Q.1 (v)1 mark
    If a circular coil of 100 turns with a cross-sectional area of 1 m21\ \text{m}^{2} is kept with its plane perpendicular to the magnetic field of 1 T, the magnetic flux linked with the coil will be ________.

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  6. Q.1 (vi)1 mark
    If θ\theta represents the angle of contact made by a liquid which completely wets the surface of the container then ________.

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  7. Q.1 (vii)1 mark
    The LED emits visible light when its ________.

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  8. Q.1 (viii)1 mark
    Soft iron is used to make the core of transformer because of its _______.

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  9. Q.1 (ix)1 mark
    If the maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons in photoelectric effect is 2eV, the stopping potential will be _______.

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  10. Q.1 (x)1 mark
    The radius of eighth orbit of electron in H-atom will be more than that of fourth orbit by a factor of _______.

    Tap an option to check your answer.

  11. Answer the following questions:
    Q.2 (i)1 mark
    What is the value of resistance for an ideal voltmeter?
  12. Q.2 (ii)1 mark
    What is the value of force on a closed circuit in a magnetic field?
  13. Q.2 (iii)1 mark
    What is the average value of alternating current over a complete cycle?
  14. Q.2 (iv)1 mark
    An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 100 volt. Calculate de-Broglie wavelength in nm.
  15. Q.2 (v)1 mark
    If friction is made zero for a road, can a vehicle move safely on this road?
  16. Q.2 (vi)1 mark
    State the formula giving relation between electric field intensity and potential gradient.
  17. Q.2 (vii)1 mark
    Calculate the velocity of a particle performing S.H.M. after 1 second, if its displacement is given by x=5sin⁡(πt3)x = 5\sin\left(\dfrac{\pi t}{3}\right) m.
  18. Q.2 (viii)1 mark
    Write the mathematical formula for Bohr magneton for an electron revolving in nthn^{\text{th}} orbit.

Section B

2 marks each · attempt any 8

  1. Q.32 marks
    Define coefficient of viscosity. State its formula and S.I. units.
  2. Q.42 marks
    Obtain an expression for magnetic induction of a toroid of 'N' turns about an axis passing through its centre and perpendicular to its plane.
  3. Q.52 marks
    State and prove principle of conservation of angular momentum.
  4. Q.62 marks
    Obtain an expression for equivalent capacitance of two capacitors C1C_1 and C2C_2 connected in series.
  5. Q.72 marks
    Explain, why the equivalent inductance of two coils connected in parallel is less than the inductance of either of the coils.
  6. Q.82 marks
    How will you convert a moving coil galvanometer into an ammeter?
  7. Q.92 marks
    A 100 Ω100\ \Omega resistor is connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz supply. Calculate: (i) r.m.s. value of current and (ii) net power consumed over the full cycle
  8. Q.102 marks
    A bar magnet of mass 120 g in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, has dimensions l=40l = 40 mm, b=100b = 100 mm and h=80h = 80 mm, with its dimension 'h' vertical, the magnet performs angular oscillations in the plane of the magnetic field with period π\pi seconds. If the magnetic moment is 3.4 Am23.4\ \text{Am}^{2}, determine the influencing magnetic field.
  9. Q.112 marks
    Distinguish between free vibrations and forced vibrations (Two points).
  10. Q.122 marks
    Compare the rate of loss of heat from a metal sphere at 827°C with rate of loss of heat from the same at 427°C, if the temperature of surrounding is 27°C.
  11. Q.132 marks
    An ideal mono-atomic gas is adiabatically compressed so that its final temperature is twice its initial temperature. Calculate the ratio of final pressure to its initial pressure.
  12. Q.142 marks
    Disintegration rate of a radio-active sample is 101010^{10} per hour at 20 hours from the start. It reduces to 5×1095 \times 10^{9} per hour after 30 hours. Calculate the decay constant.

Section C

3 marks each · attempt any 8

  1. Q.153 marks
    Derive laws of reflection of light using Huygens' principle.
  2. Q.163 marks
    State postulates of Bohr's atomic model.
  3. Q.173 marks
    Define and state unit and dimensions of : (i) Magnetization (ii) Magnetic susceptibility
  4. Q.183 marks
    With neat labelled circuit diagram, describe an experiment to study the characteristics of photoelectric effect.
  5. Q.193 marks
    Explain the use of potentiometer to determine internal resistance of a cell.
  6. Q.203 marks
    Explain the working of n-p-n transistor in common base configuration.
  7. Q.213 marks
    State the differential equation of linear S.H.M. Hence, obtain expression for : (i) acceleration (ii) velocity
  8. Q.223 marks
    Two tuning forks of frequencies 320 Hz and 340 Hz are sounded together to produce sound wave. The velocity of sound in air is 326.4 m/s. Calculate the difference in wavelengths of these waves.
  9. Q.233 marks
    In a biprism experiment, the fringes are observed in the focal plane of the eye-piece at a distance of 1.2 m from the slit. The distance between the central bright band and the 20th bright band is 0.4 cm. When a convex lens is placed between the biprism and the eye-piece, 90 cm from the eye-piece, the distance between the two virtual magnified images is found to be 0.9 cm. Determine the wavelength of light used.
  10. Q.243 marks
    Calculate the current flowing through two long parallel wires carrying equal currents and separated by a distance of 1.35 cm1.35\text{ cm} experiencing a force per unit length of 4.76×10−2 N/m4.76 \times 10^{- 2}\text{ N/m}.
  11. Q.253 marks
    An alternating voltage given by e=140sin⁡(314.2 t)e = 140\sin(314.2\,t) is connected across a pure resistor of 50 Ω50\ \Omega. Calculate : (i) the frequency of the source (ii) the r.m.s current through the resistor
  12. Q.263 marks
    An electric dipole consists of two opposite charges each of magnitude 1 μC1\ \mu C, separated by 2 cm. The dipole is placed in an external electric field of 10510^{5} N/C. Calculate the : (i) maximum torque experienced by the dipole and (ii) work done by the external field to turn the dipole through 180°.

Section D

4 marks each · attempt any 3

  1. Q.274 marks
    On the basis of kinetic theory of gases obtain an expression for pressure exerted by gas molecules enclosed in a container on its walls.
  2. Q.28 (i)4 marks
    Derive an expression for energy stored in the magnetic field in terms of induced current.
  3. Q.28 (ii)
    A wire 5 m long is supported horizontally at a height of 15 m along east-west direction. When it is about to hit the ground, calculate the average e.m.f. induced in it. (g=10 m/s2g = 10\ \text{m/s}^{2})
  4. Q.29 (i)4 marks
    Derive an expression for the work done during an isothermal process.
  5. Q.29 (ii)
    104 J of work is done on certain volume of a gas. If the gas releases 125 kJ of heat, calculate the change in internal energy of the gas.
  6. Q.30 (i)4 marks
    Obtain the relation between surface energy and surface tension.
  7. Q.30 (ii)
    Calculate the work done in blowing a soap bubble to a radius of 1 cm. The surface tension of soap solution is 2.5×10−2 N/m2.5 \times 10^{- 2}\text{ N/m}.
  8. Q.314 marks
    Derive expressions for linear velocity at lowest position, mid-way position and the top-most position for a particle revolving in a vertical circle, if it has to just complete circular motion without string slackening at top.