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Maharashtra HSC Class 12 Physics February 2024 question paper

Maximum marks 70 · Time 3 hours

Try each question first, then open its model answer. Where the paper offers a choice, both questions are shown with OR between them.

Section A

1 mark each

  1. Q.1 (i)1 mark
    The moment of inertia (MI) of a disc of radius R and mass M about its central axis is _____.

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  2. Q.1 (ii)1 mark
    The dimensional formula of surface tension is _____.

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  3. Q.1 (iii)1 mark
    Phase difference between a node and an adjacent antinode in a stationary wave is _____.

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  4. Q.1 (iv)1 mark
    The work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to a given point against the direction of electric field is known as _____.

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  5. Q.1 (v)1 mark
    To convert a moving coil galvanometer into an ammeter we need to connect a _____.

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  6. Q.1 (vi)1 mark
    If the frequency of incident light falling on a photosensitive material is doubled, then kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectron will be _____.

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  7. Q.1 (vii)1 mark
    In a cyclic process, if ΔU=\Delta U = internal energy, W = work done, Q = Heat supplied then

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  8. Q.1 (viii)1 mark
    The current in a coil changes from 50A to 10A in 0.1 second. The self inductance of the coil is 20H. The induced e.m.f. in the coil is _____.

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  9. Q.1 (ix)1 mark
    The velocity of bob of a second's pendulum when it is 6 cm from its mean position and amplitude of 10 cm, is _____.

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  10. Q.1 (x)1 mark
    In biprism experiment, the distance of 20th20^{\text{th}} bright band from the central bright band is 1.2 cm. Without changing the experimental set-up, the distance of 30th30^{\text{th}} bright band from the central bright band will be _____.

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  11. Answer the following questions :
    Q.2 (i)1 mark
    Define centripetal force.
  12. Q.2 (ii)1 mark
    Why a detergent powder is mixed with water to wash clothes?
  13. Q.2 (iii)1 mark
    What is the resistance of an ideal voltmeter?
  14. Q.2 (iv)1 mark
    Write the formula for torque acting on rotating current carrying coil in terms of magnetic dipole moment, in vector form.
  15. Q.2 (v)1 mark
    What is binding energy of a hydrogen atom?
  16. Q.2 (vi)1 mark
    What is surroundings in thermodynamics?
  17. Q.2 (vii)1 mark
    In a photoelectric experiment, the stopping potential is 1.5V. What is the maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron?
  18. Q.2 (viii)1 mark
    Two capacitors of capacities 5μF5\mu F and 10μF10\mu F respectively are connected in series. Calculate the resultant capacity of the combination.

Section B

2 marks each · attempt any 8

  1. Q.32 marks
    Explain the change in internal energy of a thermodynamic system (the gas) by heating it.
  2. Q.42 marks
    Explain the construction of a spherical wavefront by using Huygens' principle.
  3. Q.52 marks
    Define magnetization. State its SI unit and dimensions.
  4. Q.62 marks
    Obtain the differential equation of linear simple harmonic motion.
  5. Q.72 marks
    A galvanometer has a resistance of 30Ω30\Omega and its full scale deflection current is 20 microampere (μA)(\mu A). What resistance should be added to it to have a range 0-10 volt?
  6. Q.82 marks
    Explain Biot-Savart law.
  7. Q.92 marks
    What is a Light Emitting Diode? Draw its circuit symbol.
  8. Q.102 marks
    An aircraft of wing span of 60 m flies horizontally in earth's magnetic field of 6×10−56 \times 10^{-5}T at a speed of 500 m/s. Calculate the e.m.f. induced between the tips of wings of aircraft.
  9. Q.112 marks
    Derive an expression for maximum speed of a vehicle moving along a horizontal circular track.
  10. Q.122 marks
    A horizontal force of 0.5N is required to move a metal plate of area 10−2m210^{-2}\text{m}^{2} with a velocity of 3×10−2m/s3 \times 10^{-2}\text{m/s}, when it rests on 0.5×10−3m0.5 \times 10^{-3}\text{m} thick layer of glycerin. Find the coefficient of viscosity of glycerin.
  11. Q.132 marks
    Two tuning forks having frequencies 320 Hz and 340 Hz are sounded together to produce sound waves. The velocity of sound in air is 340 m/s. Find the difference in wavelength of these waves.
  12. Q.142 marks
    Calculate the change in angular momentum of electron when it jumps from third orbit to first orbit in hydrogen atom.

Section C

3 marks each · attempt any 8

  1. Q.153 marks
    A circular coil of wire is made up of 200 turns, each of radius 10 cm. If a current of 0.5A passes through it, what will be the magnetic field at the centre of the coil?
  2. Q.163 marks
    Define photoelectric effect and explain the experimental set-up of photoelectric effect.
  3. Q.173 marks
    Define the current gain αDC\alpha_{DC} and βDC\beta_{DC} for a transistor. Obtain the relation between them.
  4. Q.183 marks
    Define surface energy of the liquid. Obtain the relation between the surface energy and surface tension.
  5. Q.193 marks
    What is an isothermal process? Obtain an expression for work done by a gas in an isothermal process.
  6. Q.203 marks
    Derive an expression for equation of stationary wave on a stretched string. Show that the distance between two successive nodes or antinodes is λ/2\lambda/2.
  7. Q.213 marks
    Derive an expression for the impedance of an LCR circuit connected to an AC power supply. Draw phasor diagram.
  8. Q.223 marks
    Calculate the wavelength of the first two lines in Balmer series of hydrogen atom.
  9. Q.233 marks
    A current carrying toroid winding is internally filled with lithium having susceptibility χ=2.1×10−5\chi = 2.1 \times 10^{-5}. What is the percentage increase in the magnetic field in the presence of lithium over that without it?
  10. Q.243 marks
    The radius of a circular track is 200 m. Find the angle of banking of the track, if the maximum speed at which a car can be driven safely along it is 25 m/sec.
  11. Q.253 marks
    Prove the Mayer's relation : Cp−Cv=RJC_p - C_v = \dfrac{R}{J}
  12. Q.263 marks
    An alternating voltage is given by e=8sin⁡628.4te = 8\sin 628.4t. Find (i) peak value of e.m.f. (ii) frequency of e.m.f. (iii) instantaneous value of e.m.f. at time t = 10 ms.

Section D

4 marks each · attempt any 3

  1. Q.274 marks
    What is a transformer? Explain construction and working of a transformer. Derive the equation for a transformer.
  2. Q.284 marks
    Using the geometry of the double slit experiment, derive the expression for fringe width of interference bands.
  3. Q.29 (i)4 marks
    Distinguish between an ammeter and a voltmeter. (Two points each).
  4. Q.29 (ii)
    The displacement of a particle performing simple harmonic motion is 13\dfrac{1}{3}rd of its amplitude. What fraction of total energy will be its kinetic energy?
  5. Q.304 marks
    Draw a neat labelled diagram of Ferry's perfectly black body. Compare the rms speed of hydrogen molecules at 227°C with rms speed of oxygen molecule at 127°C. Given that molecular masses of hydrogen and oxygen are 2 and 32 respectively.
  6. Q.314 marks
    Derive an expression for energy stored in a charged capacitor. A spherical metal ball of radius 15 cm carries a charge of 2μC2\mu C. Calculate the electric field at a distance of 20 cm from the center of the sphere.