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Maharashtra HSC Class 12 Physics June 2026 question paper

Maximum marks 70 · Time 3 hours

Try each question first, then open its model answer. Where the paper offers a choice, both questions are shown with OR between them.

Section A

1 mark each

  1. Q.1 (i)1 mark
    The MI of ring of radius RR and mass MM about its central axis is _____

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  2. Q.1 (ii)1 mark
    For a monoatomic gas enclosed in a container at a constant temperature has degrees of freedom

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  3. Q.1 (iii)1 mark
    The equation of the first law of thermodynamics for isochoric process is

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  4. Q.1 (iv)1 mark
    Cyclotron can not accelerate _____

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  5. Q.1 (v)1 mark
    In a purely inductive and capacitive circuit, power factor is, _____

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  6. Q.1 (vi)1 mark
    The Boolean equation for NOR gate is

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  7. Q.1 (vii)1 mark
    When nn number of capacitors having each of capacity CC are connected in series, their equivalent capacity is

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  8. Q.1 (viii)1 mark
    A polarising angle for an optical material is 35°. Then refractive index of the material is

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  9. Q.1 (ix)1 mark
    For a streamline flow, the relative velocity between the two liquid layers is 10 cm/s. The distance between them is 5 cm. The velocity gradient is

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  10. Q.1 (x)1 mark
    The wavelength of a stationary wave on a string is 0.75 m with frequency of 64 Hz. Then, the velocity of wave is

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  11. Answer the following questions :
    Q.2 (i)1 mark
    Absorption of ink by a blotting paper is an example of which phenomenon of fluids?
  12. Q.2 (ii)1 mark
    State Kirchhoff's first law for electrical network.
  13. Q.2 (iii)1 mark
    Define 'photoelectric work function.'
  14. Q.2 (iv)1 mark
    Which series of spectral lines belongs to the ultraviolet region of the hydrogen spectrum?
  15. Q.2 (v)1 mark
    Which semiconductor device converts solar energy into electrical energy?
  16. Q.2 (vi)1 mark
    Define the term wavefront.
  17. Q.2 (vii)1 mark
    A motorcyclist performs horizontal circular motion inside a well of inner radius 3 m. Calculate the minimum speed to perform the stunt if coefficient of static friction is 0.3. [ g=10 m/s2g = 10\ \text{m/s}^{2} ].
  18. Q.2 (viii)1 mark
    Calculate the maximum velocity of a particle having amplitude of oscillation 4 cm and period 4 seconds.

Section B

2 marks each · attempt any 8

  1. Q.32 marks
    Obtain an expression for the maximum speed of a vehicle along horizontal circular curved road.
  2. Q.42 marks
    For a thermodynamic system : Define : (a) Mechanical equilibrium (b) Chemical equilibrium
  3. Q.52 marks
    What are polar molecules and non polar molecules?
  4. Q.62 marks
    Explain how will you convert moving coil galvanometer into voltmeter?
  5. Q.72 marks
    Distinguish between free and forced vibrations.
  6. Q.82 marks
    State any two postulates of Bohr's theory of hydrogen atom.
  7. Q.92 marks
    Explain the cyclic process with the help of a neat p−Vp-V diagram.
  8. Q.102 marks
    A star is emitting light at the wavelength of 4000Å. Determine the limit of angular resolution of a telescope having an objective of diameter of 400 cm.
  9. Q.112 marks
    Calculate the value of λmax⁡\lambda_{\max} for solar radiation assuming the temperature on the surface of the sun is 5800 K. [ Wien's constant =2.897×10−3= 2.897 \times 10^{-3} m.k. ]
  10. Q.122 marks
    Calculate the radius of water drop, so that the excess pressure inside it is 24 N/m224\ \text{N/m}^{2}. [ Surface tension of water =7.2×10−2= 7.2 \times 10^{-2} N/m ]
  11. Q.132 marks
    The susceptibility of magnetic material is χ\chi at 27°C. At what temperature its susceptibility will be χ/3\chi/3 ?
  12. Q.142 marks
    An alternating voltage source given by e=140sin⁡(314.2 t)e = 140 \sin(314.2\,t) is connected across a pure resistor of 50 Ω50\ \Omega. Determine : (i) Frequency of the source. (ii) RMS value of emf.

Section C

3 marks each · attempt any 8

  1. Q.153 marks
    State and prove perpendicular axes theorem.
  2. Q.163 marks
    On the basis of molecular theory, explain the phenomenon of surface tension.
  3. Q.173 marks
    Show that all harmonics are present in the case of an air column vibrating in a pipe open at both the ends.
  4. Q.183 marks
    What is interference of light? State any four conditions for obtaining well defined and steady interference pattern.
  5. Q.193 marks
    With the help of a neat circuit diagram, explain the working of a half wave rectifier. Draw input and output waveforms.
  6. Q.203 marks
    Obtain an expression for orbital magnetic moment of an electron revolving around the nucleus of an atom.
  7. Q.213 marks
    Define the terms : (a) Inductive reactance (b) Capacitive reactance (c) Impedance
  8. Q.223 marks
    A parallel plate capacitor filled with air has an area 6 cm26\ \text{cm}^{2} and the plate separation is 2 mm. Calculate its capacity.
  9. Q.233 marks
    Two resistances XX and YY in the two gaps of a meterbridge give a null point dividing the wire in the ratio 4 : 6. If both resistances are increased by 30 Ω30\ \Omega, the null point divides the wire in the ratio 5 : 6. Calculate the value of XX and YY.
  10. Q.243 marks
    Calculate the shortest wavelength of Paschen series and the longest wavelength of Balmer series for hydrogen atom.
  11. Q.253 marks
    Calculate the current flowing through two long parallel wires carrying equal currents and separated by a distance of 1.35 cm experiencing a force per unit length of 4.76×10−24.76 \times 10^{-2} N/m.
  12. Q.263 marks
    An emf of 90 mV is induced in the winding of a coil, when current in a nearby coil is increasing at the rate of 4.5 A/s. What is the mutual inductance of the two coils?

Section D

4 marks each · attempt any 3

  1. Q.274 marks
    Derive an expression for pressure exerted by a gas on the basis of kinetic theory of gases.
  2. Q.284 marks
    State differential equation of linear S.H.M. hence obtain an expression for acceleration, velocity and displacement of a particle performing S.H.M.
  3. Q.294 marks
    With the help of neat diagram explain construction of a transformer. Calculate energy required to build up current of 1A in an inductor of inductance 20 mH.
  4. Q.304 marks
    Draw a neat schematic diagram of a photo cell. The photoelectric work function for a metal is 4.2 eV. Find threshold wavelength.
  5. Q.31 (i)4 marks
    Obtain an expression for magnetic induction of a toroid of N no. of turns about an axis passing through its centre and perpendicular to plane.
  6. Q.31 (ii)
    A Carnot refrigerator operates between 150 K and 200 K, calculate its coefficient of performance.