Analogy: SSC CGL Reasoning

Reference tables (1)

Watch out for (8)

• Picking the near synonym when the pair is opposite
  → Meaning pairs: same, opposite or stronger
• Stopping at 'they are related'
  → Meaning pairs: same, opposite or stronger
• The right words in the wrong order
  → Who uses what, and where
• Workplace or product?
  → Who uses what, and where
• The young of a different animal
  → Kinds, young ones and what things come from
• Kind of, or part of?
  → Kinds, young ones and what things come from
• The biggest city is not always the capital
  → General-knowledge pairs SSC has asked
• A unit of the wrong quantity
  → General-knowledge pairs SSC has asked

Formulas (3)

• Letter positions, forward and backward · Reverse position
  $$\text{position from Z} = 27 - n$$
• One shift for every letter · Shift with wrap-round
  $$n' = n + k \qquad (\text{take away } 26 \text{ if } n' > 26)$$
• Opposite letters: pairs that add to 27 · Opposite letter
  $$n + n_{\text{opp}} = 27$$

Watch out for (8)

• Counting the starting letter
  → Letter positions, forward and backward
• Mixing the two directions
  → Letter positions, forward and backward
• Forgetting to wrap past Z
  → One shift for every letter
• Trusting one letter
  → One shift for every letter
• Dropping the sign of a gap
  → A pattern of shifts
• Treating vowels like the other letters
  → A pattern of shifts
• Opposite letters are not a reversed word
  → Opposite letters: pairs that add to 27
• One before the opposite
  → Opposite letters: pairs that add to 27

Watch out for (6)

• Reversing the whole word when only the halves turn
  → Reversed words and reversed blocks
• Cutting a word of odd length in the wrong place
  → Reversed words and reversed blocks
• Reading the order the wrong way round
  → Swapped pairs and numbered positions
• Reading the order from a word with a double letter
  → Swapped pairs and numbered positions
• Shifting before reversing when the gaps rise
  → A move and a shift together
• Giving up on random-looking gaps
  → A move and a shift together

Formulas (3)

• Multiply or divide by one number · One multiplier
  $$\text{second} = k \times \text{first}$$
• Add or take away one number · One fixed difference
  $$\text{second} = \text{first} + d$$
• Two steps: multiply, then add · Multiplier and constant from two pairs
  $$a = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1} \qquad b = y_1 - a\,x_1$$

Watch out for (6)

• Deciding the rule from one pair
  → Multiply or divide by one number
• Splitting the digits when the note forbids it
  → Multiply or divide by one number
• The same gap in the wrong direction
  → Add or take away one number
• Multiplying first out of habit
  → Add or take away one number
• Accepting an untidy line
  → Two steps: multiply, then add
• A one-pair question with two answers in mind
  → Two steps: multiply, then add

Formulas (3)

• Sets that climb by fixed steps · Equal steps
  $$2b = a + c$$
• One number from a sum or difference of the others · Linear rule inside a set
  $$c = p\,a + q\,b + r$$
• One number from a product or quotient of the others · Product rule
  $$c = k \times a \times b$$

Watch out for (6)

• Checking only the first step
  → Sets that climb by fixed steps
• Missing a falling set
  → Sets that climb by fixed steps
• Looking for the result only in the last place
  → One number from a sum or difference of the others
• Swapping the first two numbers
  → One number from a sum or difference of the others
• Multiplying the wrong two numbers
  → One number from a product or quotient of the others
• Keeping an option whose quotient is not whole
  → One number from a product or quotient of the others

Formulas (3)

• Squares, square roots and a number times its neighbour · Neighbour product and next square
  $$n(n + 1) = n^2 + n \qquad (n + 1)^2 = n^2 + 2n + 1$$
• Cubes and cube roots · Two forms SSC uses
  $$n^2(n + 1) = n^3 + n^2 \qquad n^3 - n = (n - 1)\,n\,(n + 1)$$
• Squares inside a number set · Square identities
  $$a^2 - b^2 = (a - b)(a + b) \qquad (a + b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^2$$

Watch out for (6)

• Reading a neighbour product as a square
  → Squares, square roots and a number times its neighbour
• Squaring the next number instead of moving to the next square
  → Squares, square roots and a number times its neighbour
• Using the last-digit rule on a number that is not a cube
  → Cubes and cube roots
• Taking k times a cube for a plain cube
  → Cubes and cube roots
• Treating the square of a sum as a sum of squares
  → Squares inside a number set
• Stopping at the first option that fits
  → Squares inside a number set