Strategy
Score 73+ by taking the paper in the right order
25 questions × 4 marks = 100, with 1 mark lost for each wrong answer, on a clock shared with Physics and Maths. Chemistry is the section where many questions are answered on sight, so the plan is about order: what to answer first, what to calculate after, and what to guess.
- marks out of 100
- 73+
- questions attempted
- 22/25
- accuracy on those
- 86%
- of the shared clock
- ~50 min
The arithmetic of 73+
22 attempted questions at 86% accuracy is 19 right and 3 wrong: 19 × 4 − 3 = 73 marks. The other 3 are not simply left blank. Every multiple-choice question among them still gets an answer at the end, because a guess there is worth more than a blank:
| Question | Expected marks from a guess | Verdict |
|---|---|---|
| MCQ, 4 options left | +0.25 | A blind guess still pays on average. Never leave an MCQ blank at the end. |
| MCQ, 3 options left | +0.67 | Rule out one option and the guess is worth two-thirds of a mark. |
| MCQ, 2 options left | +1.5 | Down to two, a guess is worth more than a mark. |
| Numeric answer | close to −1 | A numeric answer has no options, so a guess is almost never right and still costs a mark. Enter one only when you have worked it out. |
So the formats split. The physical chapters hold 55% of the numeric answers, and a numeric answer is worth something only when you can finish it. Those chapters must be owned, not half-learned. A multiple-choice question is worth something even when you cannot finish it, and more once one option is ruled out on sight.
The shared clock
180 minutes cover all three subjects, and every question pays the same 4 marks. The plan below is a starting budget of about 50 minutes for Chemistry, not a measurement; adjust it from your own mock tests.
- 1
Give Chemistry less time than Maths
The three subjects share one clock. Many Chemistry questions are answered on sight, so Chemistry can fund the other two. Start from the budget above and adjust it from your own mock tests.
- 2
First sweep: everything you can answer on sight
Go through all the Chemistry questions once. Answer the reactions, facts and orders you know, and mark the calculations and anything that needs thought.
- 3
Second sweep: the calculations
Come back to the marked calculations. Write the formula, carry units and powers of ten, and check that the answer is sensible before entering it.
- 4
Last minutes: fill every MCQ
Any multiple-choice question still blank gets an answer, after ruling out what you can. Numeric answers you have not worked out stay blank.
The formats the paper reuses
A few question formats turn up in every chapter. Each has a way of working that saves time and marks.
| Format | How to work it | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Two statements | Judge each statement on its own, as true or false, before you read the four combinations. Then pick the one combination that matches. | The options pair the statements every possible way, so reading them first only invites a guess. One statement judged wrong sends you to the wrong option. |
| Match the list | Fix the one pair you are surest of and strike every option that breaks it. Then fix a second pair among what is left. | Two certain pairs usually leave one option. Working through all four pairs in order wastes time on the pair you do not know. |
| How many of the following | Mark each item yes or no on the page, then count the marks. Never count by eye or by pattern. | Most numeric answers outside physical chemistry are counts like this. One item judged wrongly makes the whole answer wrong, and a wrong numeric answer still costs a mark. |
| A numeric answer | Round only at the end, check the unit the question asks for, and enter the integer it asks for. | There are no options to check against. A slip in a power of ten or a unit is a wrong answer. |
Calculate — 7 chapters, 9.1 questions a paper
Chapters where 40% or more of the questions are calculations.
Physical chemistry. Most of its questions need arithmetic, and most of the paper's numeric answers come from here.
The approach
- Learn each chapter's few working formulas until you can write them without looking. Most questions apply one or two of them in order.
- Carry units and powers of ten through every line. A numeric answer is entered as an integer, so a slip in an exponent is a wrong answer.
- Take these questions in the second sweep, after everything you can answer on sight.
- Check that the answer is sensible: a negative concentration, a pH above fourteen or a rate that falls when it should rise means a slip.
Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
1.50 a paper in 2025–26 · 1.48 in 2021–24 · 72% calculation · 54% numeric
The mole in every form: mass, gas volume, solution concentration, percentage composition and the limiting reagent. Its arithmetic runs through every other physical chapter.
Drill — in teaching order
- Measurement and the MoleDrill Measurement and the Mole in Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
- Percentage Composition and Empirical FormulaDrill Percentage Composition and Empirical Formula in Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
- Reaction Stoichiometry and Limiting ReagentDrill Reaction Stoichiometry and Limiting Reagent in Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
- Gas Laws and Gas VolumesDrill Gas Laws and Gas Volumes in Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
- Molarity, Dilution and MixingDrill Molarity, Dilution and Mixing in Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
- Molality, Mole Fraction and ppmDrill Molality, Mole Fraction and ppm in Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
- Oxidation Number and Redox ReactionsDrill Oxidation Number and Redox Reactions in Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
- Equivalents and TitrationsDrill Equivalents and Titrations in Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
Chemical Thermodynamics
1.39 a paper in 2025–26 · 0.76 in 2021–24 · 65% calculation · 60% numeric
Work of expansion, heat and the first law, Hess's law, then entropy and Gibbs energy. Signs decide most answers: who does work on whom, and which way heat flows.
Drill — in teaching order
- Systems, State Functions and the First LawDrill Systems, State Functions and the First Law in Chemical Thermodynamics
- Work of ExpansionDrill Work of Expansion in Chemical Thermodynamics
- Heat Capacity, Calorimetry and Enthalpy vs Internal EnergyDrill Heat Capacity, Calorimetry and Enthalpy vs Internal Energy in Chemical Thermodynamics
- Hess's Law: Formation and Combustion EnthalpiesDrill Hess's Law: Formation and Combustion Enthalpies in Chemical Thermodynamics
- Enthalpies of Phase Change, Solution and NeutralisationDrill Enthalpies of Phase Change, Solution and Neutralisation in Chemical Thermodynamics
- Bond Enthalpy and Atomisation CyclesDrill Bond Enthalpy and Atomisation Cycles in Chemical Thermodynamics
- Entropy, Gibbs Energy and SpontaneityDrill Entropy, Gibbs Energy and Spontaneity in Chemical Thermodynamics
- Gibbs Energy and the Equilibrium ConstantDrill Gibbs Energy and the Equilibrium Constant in Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Kinetics
1.37 a paper in 2025–26 · 0.75 in 2021–24 · 71% calculation · 63% numeric
Rate laws and order, the integrated first-order law with its half-life, and the Arrhenius equation. Most questions are one formula with logarithms.
Drill — in teaching order
- Rate of Reaction and StoichiometryDrill Rate of Reaction and Stoichiometry in Chemical Kinetics
- Rate Law, Order and MolecularityDrill Rate Law, Order and Molecularity in Chemical Kinetics
- First Order Reactions and Half-LifeDrill First Order Reactions and Half-Life in Chemical Kinetics
- First Order in Gases and Radioactive DecayDrill First Order in Gases and Radioactive Decay in Chemical Kinetics
- Zero Order and Finding the OrderDrill Zero Order and Finding the Order in Chemical Kinetics
- Temperature and the Arrhenius EquationDrill Temperature and the Arrhenius Equation in Chemical Kinetics
- Mechanisms, Energy Profiles and CatalystsDrill Mechanisms, Energy Profiles and Catalysts in Chemical Kinetics
Equilibrium
1.31 a paper in 2025–26 · 0.82 in 2021–24 · 60% calculation · 46% numeric
Kc and Kp, Le Chatelier, then ionic equilibrium: pH, buffers, salt hydrolysis and solubility product. The ionic half carries most of the calculations.
Drill — in teaching order
- Equilibrium Constant and Its FormsDrill Equilibrium Constant and Its Forms in Equilibrium
- Equilibrium Composition from ICE TablesDrill Equilibrium Composition from ICE Tables in Equilibrium
- Degree of Dissociation and Gibbs EnergyDrill Degree of Dissociation and Gibbs Energy in Equilibrium
- Le Chatelier's PrincipleDrill Le Chatelier's Principle in Equilibrium
- pH of Acids and BasesDrill pH of Acids and Bases in Equilibrium
- Buffer SolutionsDrill Buffer Solutions in Equilibrium
- Salt Hydrolysis and IndicatorsDrill Salt Hydrolysis and Indicators in Equilibrium
- Solubility ProductDrill Solubility Product in Equilibrium
Structure of Atom
1.23 a paper in 2025–26 · 0.84 in 2021–24 · 42% calculation · 35% numeric
Photons, the Bohr model and the hydrogen spectrum, de Broglie and uncertainty, then quantum numbers and electron configuration. Half calculation, half counting electrons and orbitals.
Drill — in teaching order
- Photons, Planck's Quantum and the Photoelectric EffectDrill Photons, Planck's Quantum and the Photoelectric Effect in Structure of Atom
- Bohr Model: Radius, Energy and VelocityDrill Bohr Model: Radius, Energy and Velocity in Structure of Atom
- Hydrogen Spectrum and Spectral SeriesDrill Hydrogen Spectrum and Spectral Series in Structure of Atom
- de Broglie Waves and the Uncertainty PrincipleDrill de Broglie Waves and the Uncertainty Principle in Structure of Atom
- Quantum Numbers and Electron CountingDrill Quantum Numbers and Electron Counting in Structure of Atom
- Orbitals: Nodes, Shapes and Probability PlotsDrill Orbitals: Nodes, Shapes and Probability Plots in Structure of Atom
- Orbital Energies and Electronic ConfigurationDrill Orbital Energies and Electronic Configuration in Structure of Atom
Electrochemistry
1.17 a paper in 2025–26 · 0.81 in 2021–24 · 58% calculation · 55% numeric
Cell potentials and the Nernst equation, Gibbs energy from a cell, conductance and Kohlrausch's law, and Faraday's laws. Sign conventions and units decide the answer.
Drill — in teaching order
- Galvanic Cells and Electrode PotentialsDrill Galvanic Cells and Electrode Potentials in Electrochemistry
- Nernst Equation and Concentration EffectsDrill Nernst Equation and Concentration Effects in Electrochemistry
- Gibbs Energy, Equilibrium Constant and Combining PotentialsDrill Gibbs Energy, Equilibrium Constant and Combining Potentials in Electrochemistry
- Conductivity, Cell Constant and Molar ConductivityDrill Conductivity, Cell Constant and Molar Conductivity in Electrochemistry
- Molar Conductivity, Dilution and Kohlrausch's LawDrill Molar Conductivity, Dilution and Kohlrausch's Law in Electrochemistry
- Electrolysis and Faraday's LawsDrill Electrolysis and Faraday's Laws in Electrochemistry
- Batteries, Fuel Cells and CorrosionDrill Batteries, Fuel Cells and Corrosion in Electrochemistry
Solutions
1.09 a paper in 2025–26 · 0.69 in 2021–24 · 65% calculation · 55% numeric
Concentration terms, Raoult's law, and the four colligative properties with the van 't Hoff factor for electrolytes.
Drill — in teaching order
- Henry's Law and Solubility of GasesDrill Henry's Law and Solubility of Gases in Solutions
- Raoult's Law for Volatile LiquidsDrill Raoult's Law for Volatile Liquids in Solutions
- Relative Lowering of Vapour PressureDrill Relative Lowering of Vapour Pressure in Solutions
- Elevation of Boiling Point and Depression of Freezing PointDrill Elevation of Boiling Point and Depression of Freezing Point in Solutions
- Osmosis and Osmotic PressureDrill Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure in Solutions
- Van't Hoff Factor and Abnormal Molar MassDrill Van't Hoff Factor and Abnormal Molar Mass in Solutions
Reactions — 5 chapters, 5.4 questions a paper
Organic reaction chapters, under 40% calculation.
The organic reaction chapters. A question gives a reagent or a short scheme and asks for the product, or names a reaction.
The approach
- Learn reactions as reagent and product pairs, and say what each reagent does to the molecule: adds, removes, replaces or rearranges.
- Follow a scheme one step at a time and write each product down. Most wrong answers come from a skipped step.
- Decide the site first: which carbon, which position on the ring, which atom of the nucleophile attacks. The site is where the options differ.
- These are first-sweep questions. When a scheme stalls, mark it and move on.
Hydrocarbons
1.56 a paper in 2025–26 · 1.06 in 2021–24 · 23% calculation · 19% numeric
Alkanes, addition to alkenes and alkynes, ozonolysis, aromaticity and substitution on benzene. Most questions ask which carbon the new group goes to.
Drill — in teaching order
- Alkanes: Preparation, Structure and ConformationsDrill Alkanes: Preparation, Structure and Conformations in Hydrocarbons
- Free-Radical Halogenation of AlkanesDrill Free-Radical Halogenation of Alkanes in Hydrocarbons
- Alkene Stability and Addition of HX and WaterDrill Alkene Stability and Addition of HX and Water in Hydrocarbons
- Halogen Addition, Oxidation and Ozonolysis of AlkenesDrill Halogen Addition, Oxidation and Ozonolysis of Alkenes in Hydrocarbons
- Alkynes: Preparation, Acidity, Reduction and AdditionDrill Alkynes: Preparation, Acidity, Reduction and Addition in Hydrocarbons
- Benzene and AromaticityDrill Benzene and Aromaticity in Hydrocarbons
- Electrophilic Substitution: Reactivity and Directing EffectsDrill Electrophilic Substitution: Reactivity and Directing Effects in Hydrocarbons
- Friedel-Crafts, Side-Chain Oxidation and Arene SynthesisDrill Friedel-Crafts, Side-Chain Oxidation and Arene Synthesis in Hydrocarbons
Amines
1.34 a paper in 2025–26 · 1.09 in 2021–24 · 19% calculation · 15% numeric
Basicity, preparation, the tests that tell the classes apart, and diazonium salts with their replacement and coupling reactions.
Drill — in teaching order
- Structure, Physical Properties and BasicityDrill Structure, Physical Properties and Basicity in Amines
- Preparation: Reduction, Ammonolysis and Gabriel SynthesisDrill Preparation: Reduction, Ammonolysis and Gabriel Synthesis in Amines
- Hofmann Bromamide DegradationDrill Hofmann Bromamide Degradation in Amines
- Acylation, Nitrous Acid and Hofmann EliminationDrill Acylation, Nitrous Acid and Hofmann Elimination in Amines
- Carbylamine and Hinsberg TestsDrill Carbylamine and Hinsberg Tests in Amines
- Electrophilic Substitution in AnilineDrill Electrophilic Substitution in Aniline in Amines
- Diazonium Salts: Stability and Replacement ReactionsDrill Diazonium Salts: Stability and Replacement Reactions in Amines
- Coupling Reactions and Azo DyesDrill Coupling Reactions and Azo Dyes in Amines
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
1.12 a paper in 2025–26 · 1.22 in 2021–24 · 10% calculation · 8% numeric
Nucleophilic addition, the Grignard reagent, reductions, the tests, aldol and Cannizzaro, and acid strength. Short reaction schemes with a product to name.
Drill — in teaching order
- Preparation of Aldehydes and KetonesDrill Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones in Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
- Nucleophilic Addition and Carbonyl DerivativesDrill Nucleophilic Addition and Carbonyl Derivatives in Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
- Grignard Reagents with Carbonyls and NitrilesDrill Grignard Reagents with Carbonyls and Nitriles in Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
- Reductions: Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner and HydridesDrill Reductions: Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner and Hydrides in Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
- Oxidation and Identification TestsDrill Oxidation and Identification Tests in Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
- Enols and Aldol CondensationDrill Enols and Aldol Condensation in Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
- Crossed Aldol and Cannizzaro ReactionsDrill Crossed Aldol and Cannizzaro Reactions in Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
- Carboxylic Acids: Acidity and ReactionsDrill Carboxylic Acids: Acidity and Reactions in Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
0.82 a paper in 2025–26 · 0.61 in 2021–24 · 7% calculation · 7% numeric
The two substitution mechanisms and when each wins, the nucleophile and its product, elimination against substitution, and the haloarenes. Mechanism facts decide most answers.
Drill — in teaching order
- Classification, Structure and Physical PropertiesDrill Classification, Structure and Physical Properties in Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- Preparation of Haloalkanes and HaloarenesDrill Preparation of Haloalkanes and Haloarenes in Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- SN1 and SN2: Mechanism, Kinetics and StereochemistryDrill SN1 and SN2: Mechanism, Kinetics and Stereochemistry in Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- Reactivity Order in Nucleophilic SubstitutionDrill Reactivity Order in Nucleophilic Substitution in Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- Nucleophiles and Ambident ReagentsDrill Nucleophiles and Ambident Reagents in Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- Elimination Versus SubstitutionDrill Elimination Versus Substitution in Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- Haloarenes and Reactions with MetalsDrill Haloarenes and Reactions with Metals in Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
0.60 a paper in 2025–26 · 0.79 in 2021–24 · 13% calculation · 10% numeric
Acidity of alcohols and phenols, dehydration with its carbocation shifts, the named reactions of phenol, and the cleavage of ethers by HI.
Drill — in teaching order
- Classification, Preparation and Physical PropertiesDrill Classification, Preparation and Physical Properties in Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
- Acidity of Alcohols and PhenolsDrill Acidity of Alcohols and Phenols in Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
- Reactions of Alcohols: Substitution, Dehydration and RearrangementDrill Reactions of Alcohols: Substitution, Dehydration and Rearrangement in Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
- Preparation of Phenols and Named ReactionsDrill Preparation of Phenols and Named Reactions in Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
- Ring Substitution of Phenols and Phenol TestsDrill Ring Substitution of Phenols and Phenol Tests in Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
- Ethers: Williamson Synthesis and CleavageDrill Ethers: Williamson Synthesis and Cleavage in Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Structure and recall — 7 chapters, 10.0 questions a paper
Structure, bonding and descriptive chapters, under 40% calculation.
Naming, bonding, periodic trends, the blocks of the periodic table, complexes and biomolecules. Most questions test an exact fact, an order or a count from a list.
The approach
- Learn orders together with their exceptions. The exception is usually what the question tests.
- For a count from a list, judge every item separately and mark it on the page before counting.
- Work structure questions from the structure: draw the molecule or complex, count electron pairs or d electrons, then answer.
- Most of these are first-sweep questions. A fact you do not know is an MCQ to guess at the end, never a numeric answer to guess.
Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
2.05 a paper in 2025–26 · 1.65 in 2021–24 · 35% calculation · 29% numeric
Naming, isomers, electron effects and reactive intermediates, then purification and the detection and estimation of elements. The heaviest chapter on the recent papers, and the base for every organic chapter.
Drill — in teaching order
- Structure, Classification and IUPAC NomenclatureDrill Structure, Classification and IUPAC Nomenclature in Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- Structural IsomerismDrill Structural Isomerism in Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- Stereoisomerism and ConformationsDrill Stereoisomerism and Conformations in Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- Electronic Effects, Resonance and AcidityDrill Electronic Effects, Resonance and Acidity in Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- Reaction Intermediates, Bond Fission and ReagentsDrill Reaction Intermediates, Bond Fission and Reagents in Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- Methods of PurificationDrill Methods of Purification in Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- ChromatographyDrill Chromatography in Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- Lassaigne's Test and Estimation of NitrogenDrill Lassaigne's Test and Estimation of Nitrogen in Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- Estimation of Carbon, Hydrogen, Halogens, Sulphur and PhosphorusDrill Estimation of Carbon, Hydrogen, Halogens, Sulphur and Phosphorus in Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
Coordination Compounds
1.89 a paper in 2025–26 · 1.44 in 2021–24 · 35% calculation · 29% numeric
Naming complexes, counting isomers, and crystal field theory with spin-only magnetic moments. Many of its numeric answers are counts from a list.
Drill — in teaching order
- Werner's Theory and Ionisable LigandsDrill Werner's Theory and Ionisable Ligands in Coordination Compounds
- Ligands, Denticity and NomenclatureDrill Ligands, Denticity and Nomenclature in Coordination Compounds
- IsomerismDrill Isomerism in Coordination Compounds
- Hybridization and MagnetismDrill Hybridization and Magnetism in Coordination Compounds
- Crystal Field Theory and d-Orbital SplittingDrill Crystal Field Theory and d-Orbital Splitting in Coordination Compounds
- High and Low Spin Configurations and CFSEDrill High and Low Spin Configurations and CFSE in Coordination Compounds
- Spin-Only Magnetic MomentDrill Spin-Only Magnetic Moment in Coordination Compounds
- Metal Carbonyls, Stability and ApplicationsDrill Metal Carbonyls, Stability and Applications in Coordination Compounds
The d- and f-Block Elements
1.45 a paper in 2025–26 · 1.58 in 2021–24 · 28% calculation · 21% numeric
Electronic configurations, oxidation states and magnetic moments across the series, the lanthanoid contraction, and the chemistry of dichromate and permanganate.
Drill — in teaching order
- Electronic Configuration and General PropertiesDrill Electronic Configuration and General Properties in The d- and f-Block Elements
- Oxidation States and Electrode PotentialsDrill Oxidation States and Electrode Potentials in The d- and f-Block Elements
- Magnetic Moment and ColourDrill Magnetic Moment and Colour in The d- and f-Block Elements
- Oxides of Transition MetalsDrill Oxides of Transition Metals in The d- and f-Block Elements
- Potassium Dichromate and Chromium CompoundsDrill Potassium Dichromate and Chromium Compounds in The d- and f-Block Elements
- Potassium Permanganate and Manganese CompoundsDrill Potassium Permanganate and Manganese Compounds in The d- and f-Block Elements
- Lanthanoids and ActinoidsDrill Lanthanoids and Actinoids in The d- and f-Block Elements
- Qualitative Analysis of IonsDrill Qualitative Analysis of Ions in The d- and f-Block Elements
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
1.28 a paper in 2025–26 · 1.27 in 2021–24 · 35% calculation · 31% numeric
VSEPR shapes, hybridisation, bond order from molecular orbital theory, dipole moments and hydrogen bonding. Mostly structure work on given molecules.
Drill — in teaching order
- Lewis Structures, Formal Charge and the Octet RuleDrill Lewis Structures, Formal Charge and the Octet Rule in Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
- Ionic Bonding, Lattice Enthalpy and Fajans' RulesDrill Ionic Bonding, Lattice Enthalpy and Fajans' Rules in Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
- Bond Length, Bond Angle and ResonanceDrill Bond Length, Bond Angle and Resonance in Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
- VSEPR Theory and Lone PairsDrill VSEPR Theory and Lone Pairs in Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
- Shapes of Molecules and IonsDrill Shapes of Molecules and Ions in Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
- Hybridisation and Sigma and Pi BondsDrill Hybridisation and Sigma and Pi Bonds in Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
- Molecular Orbital TheoryDrill Molecular Orbital Theory in Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
- Dipole Moment, Hydrogen Bonding and Intermolecular ForcesDrill Dipole Moment, Hydrogen Bonding and Intermolecular Forces in Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Biomolecules
1.15 a paper in 2025–26 · 0.92 in 2021–24 · 15% calculation · 12% numeric
Carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins, vitamins, enzymes and nucleic acids. A recall chapter, with a few counts of peptides and stereocentres.
Drill — in teaching order
- Monosaccharides: Classification and Glucose ReactionsDrill Monosaccharides: Classification and Glucose Reactions in Biomolecules
- Cyclic Structures, D/L Configuration and AnomersDrill Cyclic Structures, D/L Configuration and Anomers in Biomolecules
- Disaccharides, Polysaccharides and Reducing SugarsDrill Disaccharides, Polysaccharides and Reducing Sugars in Biomolecules
- Amino Acids: Essential, Codes and PropertiesDrill Amino Acids: Essential, Codes and Properties in Biomolecules
- Peptides and Protein StructureDrill Peptides and Protein Structure in Biomolecules
- Enzymes and VitaminsDrill Enzymes and Vitamins in Biomolecules
- Nucleic AcidsDrill Nucleic Acids in Biomolecules
Classification of Elements and Periodicity
1.12 a paper in 2025–26 · 0.75 in 2021–24 · 13% calculation · 7% numeric
Periodic trends in size, ionisation enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy and electronegativity, with their known exceptions. Short questions, decided by the exceptions.
Drill — in teaching order
- Periodic Law, Blocks and Position in the TableDrill Periodic Law, Blocks and Position in the Table in Classification of Elements and Periodicity
- Atomic and Ionic RadiiDrill Atomic and Ionic Radii in Classification of Elements and Periodicity
- Ionization EnthalpyDrill Ionization Enthalpy in Classification of Elements and Periodicity
- Electron Gain EnthalpyDrill Electron Gain Enthalpy in Classification of Elements and Periodicity
- Electronegativity and Metallic CharacterDrill Electronegativity and Metallic Character in Classification of Elements and Periodicity
- Nature of Oxides and Group 14 TrendsDrill Nature of Oxides and Group 14 Trends in Classification of Elements and Periodicity
The p-Block Elements
1.09 a paper in 2025–26 · 1.43 in 2021–24 · 14% calculation · 9% numeric
Groups thirteen to eighteen: trends, the inert pair effect, oxoacids, interhalogens and xenon compounds. Exact recall of structures and reactions.
Drill — in teaching order
- Group 13: Periodic Trends and the Inert Pair EffectDrill Group 13: Periodic Trends and the Inert Pair Effect in The p-Block Elements
- Boron and Aluminium CompoundsDrill Boron and Aluminium Compounds in The p-Block Elements
- Group 14: Carbon, Silicon, Tin and LeadDrill Group 14: Carbon, Silicon, Tin and Lead in The p-Block Elements
- Group 15: Periodic Trends and HydridesDrill Group 15: Periodic Trends and Hydrides in The p-Block Elements
- Nitrogen and Its CompoundsDrill Nitrogen and Its Compounds in The p-Block Elements
- Phosphorus and Its OxoacidsDrill Phosphorus and Its Oxoacids in The p-Block Elements
- Group 16: Oxygen and SulphurDrill Group 16: Oxygen and Sulphur in The p-Block Elements
- Groups 17 and 18: Halogens and Noble GasesDrill Groups 17 and 18: Halogens and Noble Gases in The p-Block Elements
The rest of the bank
One chapter is still on the paper but sets under 0.5 questions a paper, so it has notes but no playbook. The 8 chapters below it left the syllabus and are no longer set. They are listed so the 28-chapter bank is accounted for; their past questions stay in the bank for anyone working through older papers.
| Chapter | Questions | 2025–26 | Last set |
|---|---|---|---|
| Organic Reaction MechanismsFunctional-group tests and mechanism questions that span the organic chapters. Small on the recent papers; its notes are worth a read once the reaction chapters are done. | 48 | 0.27 | 2026 |
| The s-Block ElementsLeft the syllabus | 88 | 0.11 | 2026 |
| General Principles and Processes of Isolation of ElementsLeft the syllabus | 74 | 0.05 | 2025 |
| PolymersLeft the syllabus | 46 | 0.03 | 2025 |
| Environmental ChemistryLeft the syllabus | 65 | 0.00 | 2023 |
| HydrogenLeft the syllabus | 64 | 0.00 | 2023 |
| Surface ChemistryLeft the syllabus | 64 | 0.00 | 2024 |
| Chemistry in Everyday LifeLeft the syllabus | 49 | 0.00 | 2023 |
| Solid StateLeft the syllabus | 33 | 0.00 | 2024 |
A few recent questions are still filed under chapters that left the syllabus. They are on live topics, such as salt analysis, so a “last set” year there does not mean the chapter is back.
Own the 7 Calculate chapters
They hold 55% of the numeric answers, the questions a guess cannot save. The other strands are mostly answered on sight once learned.