NDA Biology · Human Physiology

The Immune System

White blood cells defend the body; lymphocytes are the cells that produce antibodies against foreign antigens.

Why this matters

2 PYQs, both the same fact: lymphocytes make antibodies. Worth one sure mark — learn which white blood cell does antibody production versus the others (neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes).

Concept 1 of 1

White blood cells and antibody production

Intuition

White blood cells (leucocytes) are the body's defence force, and they specialise. The one that makes antibodies against a specific foreign antigen is the lymphocyte — specifically B-lymphocytes, which mature into antibody-secreting plasma cells.

Definition

The white-blood-cell roles the bank tests:

  • Lymphocytes — produce antibodies (B-lymphocytes → plasma cells); also T-lymphocytes for cell-mediated immunity.
  • Neutrophils — first responders; engulf bacteria (phagocytosis).
  • Eosinophils — fight parasites and act in allergy.
  • Monocytes — become macrophages (large eaters).

Antibody production is the lymphocyte's job — not erythrocytes (RBCs), platelets, or the other WBCs.

CellMain role
LymphocytesProduce ANTIBODIES (B-cells → plasma cells)
NDA 2024/2025 — the antibody-producing cells are LYMPHOCYTES.
NeutrophilsPhagocytosis of bacteria
EosinophilsParasites, allergy
MonocytesBecome macrophages
Practice this conceptself-check · 3 quick reps

From the bank · past-year question

Example 1Human PhysiologyEASY
Which one among the following cells produces antibodies against a foreign antigen ?

[Q123 · Apr · 2024]

Antibodies = lymphocytes, not other WBCs

Distractors offer neutrophils, eosinophils or monocytes — all are white blood cells but none produce antibodies. Antibody production is specifically the lymphocyte (B-cell) job.

Summary — formulas & gotchas at a glance

A revision cheat-sheet for the formulas and gotchas above. Click any concept name to jump back to its full explanation.

Reference tables (1)

White blood cells and antibody production4 rows
CellMain role
LymphocytesProduce ANTIBODIES (B-cells → plasma cells)
NDA 2024/2025 — the antibody-producing cells are LYMPHOCYTES.
NeutrophilsPhagocytosis of bacteria
EosinophilsParasites, allergy
MonocytesBecome macrophages

Watch out for (1)

Drill every past-year question on this subtopic

2 questions from the bank — paginated, with cart and Word-export support.