Evolution

93 CBSE Class 12 Biology past-year questions from 4 papers, 2023 to 2026, with answers and worked solutions.

Difficulty: 57 easy · 34 moderate · 2 hard.
Most-asked subtopics: Evidences for Evolution (30), Hardy-Weinberg Principle (16), Origin and Evolution of Man (13).
Updated 8 October 2026.

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#1Adaptive Radiation
#2Adaptive Radiation
#3Adaptive Radiation
#4Adaptive Radiation
#5Adaptive Radiation
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#6Adaptive Radiation
#7Adaptive Radiation
#8Adaptive Radiation
#9Adaptive Radiation
#10Adaptive Radiation
#11Biological Evolution
#12Biological Evolution
#13Biological Evolution
#14Biological Evolution
#15Mechanism of Evolution
#16Mechanism of Evolution
#17Mechanism of Evolution
#18Mechanism of Evolution
According to evolutionary theory, every evolutionary change involves the substitution of a new gene for the old one and the new allele arises from the old one. Continuous accumulation of changes in the DNA coding for proteins leads to evolutionary differences. The chemical composition of DNA is basically the same in all living beings, except for differences in the sequence of nitrogenous bases. Given below are percentage relative similarities between human DNA and DNA of other vertebrates :
S.No. Vertebrates Percentage similarities
1. Chimpanzee 100
2. Gibbon 94
3. Rhesus Monkey 88
4. Lemur 47
5. Treeshrew 28
6. Mouse 21
7. Hedgehog 19
8. Chicken 10
#19Mechanism of Evolution
#20Mechanism of Evolution
#21Origin and Evolution of Man
#22Origin and Evolution of Man
#23Origin and Evolution of Man
#24Origin and Evolution of Man
#25Origin and Evolution of Man
#26Origin and Evolution of Man
#27Origin and Evolution of Man
For Questions number 13 to 16, two statements are given — one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.
#28Origin and Evolution of Man
#29Origin and Evolution of Man
#30Origin and Evolution of Man
#31Origin and Evolution of Man
#32Origin and Evolution of Man
#33Origin and Evolution of Man
#34Hardy-Weinberg Principle
#35Hardy-Weinberg Principle
#36Evidences for Evolution
#37Hardy-Weinberg Principle
For Questions number 13 to 16, two statements are given – one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.
#38Evidences for Evolution
#39Evidences for Evolution
For Questions number 13 to 16, two statements are given – one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below :
#40Hardy-Weinberg Principle
#41Origin of Life
For Questions number 13 to 16, two statements are given – one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below :
#42Hardy-Weinberg Principle
#43A Brief Account of Evolution
#44Hardy-Weinberg Principle
#45A Brief Account of Evolution
#46Origin of Life
#47Evidences for Evolution
#48Evidences for Evolution
#49Evidences for Evolution
#50Hardy-Weinberg Principle
For Questions number 13 to 16, two statements are given — one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.

S.No.	Vertebrates	Percentage similarities
1.	Chimpanzee	100
2.	Gibbon	94
3.	Rhesus Monkey	88
4.	Lemur	47
5.	Treeshrew	28
6.	Mouse	21
7.	Hedgehog	19
8.	Chicken	10

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Evolution

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